Improving rat welfare through the development of a peribulbar anaesthesia technique for ophthalmic procedures: A preliminary study.

Rats are a commonly used animal model for the study of the pathogenesis and novel treatments of glaucoma, which is induced experimentally using invasive, painful procedures. Peribulbar anaesthesia (PBA) is frequently used in people and domestic animals prior to ophthalmic surgeries to provide excellent perioperative analgesia. Our goal was to develop a PBA technique adapted to rat anatomy, improving the welfare of animals used as a model for glaucoma.

Therapeutic efficacy and pharmacokinetics of liposomal-cannabidiol injection: a pilot clinical study in dogs with naturally-occurring osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a common disease in dogs resulting in chronic pain and decreased wellbeing. Common analgesics such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatories may fail to control pain and can produce major adverse effects. Study objectives were to evaluate pharmacokinetics, therapeutic efficacy, and safety of subcutaneous liposomal-cannabidiol (CBD) as an additional analgesic therapy in dogs suffering from naturally-occurring osteoarthritis.

Anesthesia, pain management and surgical approach of ovariectomy or orchiectomy in six Egyptian fruit bats (): A case report.

The purpose of this report is to describe the anesthetic and analgesic management and the surgical procedures of gonadectomy in six (four females and two males) healthy adult Egyptian fruit bats (). Bats were anesthetized with a combination of alfaxalone, midazolam, and morphine administered subcutaneously. Incisional line infiltration using bupivacaine was administered in all bats, and additional bilateral intratesticular injection was administered in the males.

Effect of anesthetic induction with propofol, alfaxalone or ketamine on intraocular pressure in cats: a randomized masked clinical investigation.

Objective: To compare the effect of propofol, alfaxalone and ketamine on intraocular pressure (IOP) in cats.

Study Design: Prospective, masked, randomized clinical trial.

Animals: A total of 43 ophthalmologically normal cats scheduled to undergo general anesthesia for various procedures.

A Case Report of Subcutaneously Injected Liposomal Cannabidiol Formulation Used as a Compassion Therapy for Pain Management in a Dog.

A 14-year-old intact mixed breed dog (26 kg) was submitted for a novel cannabidiol (CBD) analgesic treatment. The dog was cachectic and had a testicular neoplasia, hip and elbow osteoarthritis and severe cervical pain. Analgesic treatment included canine osteoarthritic supplement, robencoxib and gabapentin.

Effect of intravenous butorphanol infusion on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats.

Objective: To determine the effect of butorphanol, administered by intravenous (IV) infusion, on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (MAC) in cats and to examine the dosage dependence of this effect.

Study Design: Randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover experimental study.

Animals: A group of six healthy adult male neutered cats.

MEDETOMIDINE-KETAMINE-MIDAZOLAM VERSUS MEDETOMIDINE-KETAMINE-BUTORPHANOL FOR IMMOBILIZATION OF RED KANGAROOS ().

The objectives of this clinical study were to compare the effectiveness and safety of medetomidine-ketamine-midazolam (MKM) versus medetomidine-ketamine-butorphanol (MKB) for immobilization of captive red kangaroos (). Twenty red kangaroos were randomly immobilized for routine treatments using intramuscular injection of MKM (0.065 ± 0.

2022 ISFM Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Acute Pain in Cats.

Practical Relevance: Increases in cat ownership worldwide mean more cats are requiring veterinary care. Illness, trauma and surgery can result in acute pain, and effective management of pain is required for optimal feline welfare (ie, physical health and mental wellbeing). Validated pain assessment tools are available and pain management plans for the individual patient should incorporate pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy.

Pharmacokinetics of butorphanol in male neutered cats anesthetized with isoflurane.

This study characterized the pharmacokinetics of butorphanol in cats anesthetized with isoflurane. Six young healthy male neutered cats were used. Cats were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen.

Comparison of three regional anaesthetic techniques for infraorbital or maxillary nerve block in cats: a cadaveric study.

Objectives: The maxillary nerve courses very close to the globe, rendering cats - with their large eyes - at risk of globe penetration during infraorbital or maxillary nerve blocks. Therefore, the goals of the study were to compare the distribution and potential complications of three infraorbital or maxillary regional injection techniques.

Methods: Twenty-three bilateral maxillae of cat cadavers were used in a randomised blinded trial.

Evaluation of alfaxalone and midazolam with or without flumazenil reversal in Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus).

Objectives: To evaluate alfaxalone-midazolam anesthesia in Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) and the effect of flumazenil administration on recovery time and quality.

Study Design: Randomized, blinded, crossover and controlled, experimental trial.

Animals: A total of 10 male Egyptian fruit bats.

Analgesic effects of intraorbital insertion of an absorbable gelatin hemostatic sponge soaked with 1% ropivacaine solution following enucleation in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate analgesic effects and complications associated with intraorbital insertion of an absorbable gelatin hemostatic sponge (AGHS) soaked with 1% ropivacaine solution following enucleation in dogs.

Animals: 20 client-owned dogs undergoing enucleation.

Procedures: Dogs were randomly assigned to receive an AGHS soaked with 1% ropivacaine solution (n = 10) or saline (0.

Immobilization of captive Persian fallow deer (Dama dama mesopotamica) using medetomidine-ketamine or medetomidine-midazolam.

Objective: To establish and compare the effectiveness of two medetomidine-based immobilization protocols in Persian fallow deer (Dama dama mesopotamica).

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, blinded clinical study.

Animals: A group of 31 captive Persian fallow deer.

A review of ophthalmic local and regional anesthesia in dogs and cats.

Objective: Orbital and globe surgeries are commonly performed in companion animals and are considered to cause moderate to severe pain. Regional anesthesia techniques can provide complete sensory blockade, analgesia for painful procedures and improve surgical conditions. The purpose of this review is to summarize local and regional anesthesia techniques for ophthalmic surgery in dogs and cats with emphasis on veterinary publications in the past 12 years.

Description of a regional anaesthesia technique for the dorsal cranium in the dog: a cadaveric study.

Objective: To identify landmarks and to describe a technique for nerve blockade of the dorsal cranium in dogs.

Study Design: Anatomic cadaveric study.

Animals: A total of 39 dog cadavers, weighing 18.

Retrobulbar vs peribulbar regional anesthesia techniques using bupivacaine in dogs.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of retrobulbar anesthesia (RBA) and peribulbar anesthesia (PBA) in dogs.

Animal Studied: Six adult mixed-breed dogs (18-24 kg).

Procedures: In a randomized, masked, crossover trial with a 10-day washout period, each dog was sedated with intravenously administered dexmedetomidine and administered 0.

Evaluation of injectable anaesthesia with five medetomidine-midazolam based combinations in Egyptian fruit bats ( Rousettus aegyptiacus).

Egyptian fruit bats are increasingly used as model animals in neuroscience research. Our aim was to characterize suitable injectable anaesthesia for this species, possibly replacing inhalant anaesthesia, thus minimizing occupational health hazards. Eight bats were randomly assigned by a crossover design for subcutaneously administered combinations of medetomidine-midazolam with: saline (MM-Sal), ketamine (MM-Ket), fentanyl (MM-Fen), morphine (MM-Mor), or butorphanol (MM-But).

A RETROSPECTIVE COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL IMMOBILIZATION WITH THIAFENTANIL, THIAFENTANIL-AZAPERONE, OR ETORPHINE-ACEPROMAZINE IN CAPTIVE PERSIAN FALLOW DEER (DAMA DAMA MESOPOTAMICA).

Records of 56 Persian fallow deer (Dama dama mesopotamica) immobilized for translocation were reviewed. Twenty-three were administered 0.05 ± 0.

A comparison of retrobulbar and two peribulbar regional anesthetic techniques in dog cadavers.

Objective: To compare injectate distribution and likelihood of regional anesthesia to the orbit following retrobulbar (RB) or peribulbar (PB) injections in dog cadavers.

Study Design: Randomized, masked study.

Animals: Twenty-four dog cadavers (aged 5.

Intratesticular and incisional line infiltration with ropivacaine for castration in medetomidine-butorphanol-midazolam sedated dogs.

Objective: To evaluate whether intratesticular and incisional ropivacaine infiltration produces sufficient intra- and postoperative analgesia for castrating dogs under sedation.

Study Design: Randomized, blinded, controlled clinical study.

Animals: Twenty-three healthy dogs weighing 5.

Effect of morphine, methadone, hydromorphone or oxymorphone on the thermal threshold, following intravenous or buccal administration to cats.

Objective: To determine the effects of morphine, methadone, hydromorphone or oxymorphone on the thermal threshold in cats, following buccal and intravenous (IV) administration.

Study Design: Randomized crossover study.

Animals: Six healthy adult female ovariohysterectomized cats weighing 4.

Effects of fentanyl administration on locomotor response in horses with the G57C μ-opioid receptor polymorphism.

OBJECTIVE To determine the locomotor response to the administration of fentanyl in horses with and without the G57C polymorphism of the μ-opioid receptor. ANIMALS 20 horses of various breeds and ages (10 horses heterozygous for the G57C polymorphism and 10 age-, breed-, and sex-matched horses that did not have the G57C polymorphism). PROCEDURES The number of steps each horse took was counted over consecutive 2-minute periods for 20 minutes to determine a baseline value.

Plasma bupivacaine concentrations following orbital injections in cats.

Objective: To determine plasma bupivacaine concentrations after retrobulbar or peribulbar injection of bupivacaine in cats.

Study Design: Randomized, crossover, experimental trial with a 2 week washout period.

Animals: Six adult healthy cats, aged 1-2 years, weighing 4.

Characterization of an Early-Onset, Autosomal Recessive, Progressive Retinal Degeneration in Bengal Cats.

Purpose: A form of retinal degeneration suspected to be hereditary was discovered in a family of Bengal cats. A breeding colony was established to characterize disease progression clinically, electrophysiologically, and morphologically, and to investigate the mode of inheritance.

Methods: Affected and related cats were donated by owners for breeding trials and pedigree analysis.

IMMOBILIZATION OF CAPTIVE NUBIAN IBEX (CAPRA NUBIANA) WITH BUTORPHANOL-MIDAZOLAM-MEDETOMIDINE OR BUTORPHANOL-AZAPERONE-MEDETOMIDINE AND ATIPAMEZOLE REVERSAL.

Seventeen captive Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana) were immobilized for transportation and/or hoof trimming, deworming, and vaccinations. Of these, 11 were immobilized with a combination of butorphanol (0.13±0.