Stress and Right Prefrontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Interactive Effects on Visual Working Memory and Learning.

Stress impacts prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity and modulates working memory performance. In a recent study, stimulating the dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) interacted with social stress in modulating participants' working memory. More specifically, stress disrupted the enhancing effects of dlPFC tDCS on working memory performance.

A Cross Sectional Study to Identify Traumatic Stress, Medical Phobia and Non-Adherence to Medical Care among Very Young Pediatric Patients.

After a traumatic medical event, such as surgery or hospitalization, a child may develop a phobia of medical care, sometimes preventing future medical adherence and impairing recovery. This study examined the correlation of Pediatric Medical Traumatic Stress (PMTS) on the development of Medical Phobia (MP) and subsequent treatment adherence. We enrolled 152 parents of children aged 1-6 hospitalized in a surgical ward.

The Effect of Parental Beliefs on Post-Traumatic Symptoms of the Parent and Child after the Child's Surgery.

In recent years, many studies have attempted to find the main predictors of the development of post-traumatic symptoms in children following medical procedures. Recent studies found a link between parental beliefs and children's post-traumatic symptoms in various medical contexts such as life-threatening illness, pain, and hospitalization. This study aims to examine the relationship between parental beleifs and post-traumatic symptoms in children and parents after surgical interventions of the children.

The effects of stress and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on working memory: A randomized controlled trial.

Recent reviews of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) show limited support for its initially cited enhancing effects on working memory (WM). They highlight the need for additional research, assessing the specific circumstances that optimize stimulation outcome. Social stress is an attractive candidate in this regard, as it affects WM and is mediated by prefrontal cortex activity; tDCS that targets these neuronal networks may, therefore, interact with social stress to affect WM.

Long-term outcome of early interventions to prevent posttraumatic stress disorder.

Background: Failing to prevent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has major clinical and public health consequences. This work evaluates the 3-year outcome of offering early interventions to survivors with acute PTSD.

Methods: Adults admitted consecutively to the hospital with acute DSM-IV PTSD were randomized, between June 2003 and October 2007, to 12 weeks of prolonged exposure (n = 63) or cognitive therapy (n = 40) or concealed SSRI (escitalopram; n = 23) versus placebo (n = 23).

Social relationship satisfaction and PTSD: which is the chicken and which is the egg?

Background: Impaired social relationships are linked with higher levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the association's underlying dynamics are unknown. PTSD may impair social relationships, and, vice versa, poorer relationship quality may interfere with the recovery from PTSD.

Objective: This work longitudinally evaluates the simultaneous progression of PTSD symptoms and social relationship satisfaction (SRS) in a large cohort of recent trauma survivors.

Early PTSD symptom trajectories: persistence, recovery, and response to treatment: results from the Jerusalem Trauma Outreach and Prevention Study (J-TOPS).

Context: Uncovering heterogeneities in the progression of early PTSD symptoms can improve our understanding of the disorder's pathogenesis and prophylaxis.

Objectives: To describe discrete symptom trajectories and examine their relevance for preventive interventions.

Design: Latent Growth Mixture Modeling (LGMM) of data from a randomized controlled study of early treatment.

Prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder by early treatment: results from the Jerusalem Trauma Outreach And Prevention study.

Context: Preventing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a pressing public health need.

Objectives: To compare early and delayed exposure-based, cognitive, and pharmacological interventions for preventing PTSD.

Design: Equipoise-stratified randomized controlled study.

Barriers to receiving early care for PTSD: results from the Jerusalem trauma outreach and prevention study.

Objectives: Preventing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a pressing public health need. Studies have shown significant barriers to obtaining early care. This study prospectively evaluated the acceptance of early assessment and treatment, the accuracy of recommending care, and the consequences of declining it.