Publications by authors named "Yae Jean Kim"
Background: Although there is consensus to use immunoglobulins and corticosteroids as first-line treatments for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), the effectiveness of biological immunomodulators in patients refractory to standard therapy remains unclear. We aimed to outline real-world data on biological immunomodulators.
Method: A literature search using Ovid-Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane CDSR, and KMBASE was conducted from September 2021 to August 2022; certainty of evidence was assessed via GRADE.
Article Synopsis
- A resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infections, mainly causing pneumonia in kids, was noted after the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to a study on its clinical features and treatment in late 2023.
- Out of 474 patients screened, 374 met criteria for MP pneumonia, with most presenting fever and a common radiological sign being lobar consolidation, while macrolide resistance was high at 87%.
- The study underscores the challenge of treating MP pneumonia due to high macrolide resistance rates, as these antibiotics, along with corticosteroids, are still frequently used despite their ineffectiveness in improving radiological outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) and non-baumannii Acinetobacter complex (NB-ACB) in invasive infections among Korean children.
- A total of 67 isolates were collected, with a high percentage of AB (73.1%) demonstrating significant multi-drug resistance, especially within the clonal complex 92.
- The research emphasizes the necessity for continued monitoring and analysis of resistance genes to effectively manage drug-resistant infections, particularly those involving CC92 AB.
The Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Days of Therapy in the Pediatric Center: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis of a 19-Year Study.
J Korean Med Sci
June 2024
Article Synopsis
- A study analyzed the impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) on pediatric patients' bacteremia, antimicrobial use, and mortality rates between 2001 and 2019.
- The results showed a significant increase in the proportion of ESBL-producing bacteria from 17% to 35% after the ASP was implemented, but overall antimicrobial use decreased.
- Importantly, the 30-day mortality rate for patients with bacteremia remained stable at 10% in both pre- and post-intervention periods, indicating that the ASP was effective in reducing medication usage without increasing death rates.
Rationale: Cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH, OMIM # 250250) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, which includes cartilage-hair hypoplasia-anauxetic dysplasia (CHH-AD) spectrum disorders. CHH-AD is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the RNA component of the mitochondrial RNA-processing Endoribonuclease (RMRP) gene.
Patient Concerns: Here, we report 2 cases of Korean children with CHH-AD.
Background: Pretransplant respiratory virus (RV) infections have been associated with negative transplant outcomes in adult hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients. In the era of HCT delay because of high-risk RVs, we examined the impact of pretransplant RV detection on transplant outcomes in pediatric HCT recipients.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included pediatric myeloablative allogeneic HCT recipients from 2010 to 2019.
Article Synopsis
- * Ruxolitinib treatment led to a significant reduction in the overexpression of inflammatory genes, particularly those related to interferon, improving the patient's autoimmune symptoms.
- * Despite these improvements, epigenetic analysis indicated persistent accessibility of the gene regions associated with inflammation, suggesting that ruxolitinib did not fully correct the underlying epigenetic abnormalities even after treatment.
A phase 3, single-arm, open-label study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, V114, in a 3+1 regimen in healthy infants in South Korea (PNEU-PED-KOR).
Hum Vaccin Immunother
December 2024
There is an ongoing burden of pneumococcal disease in children despite the use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). This phase 3, open-label, single-arm, multisite, descriptive study was designed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a 3 + 1 regimen of V114 (VAXNEUVANCE™), a 15-valent PCV, in South Korean infants and toddlers. Adverse events (AEs) were reported for 14 d following any vaccination, and throughout the study period for serious AEs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- This study evaluated the performance of the new SMG HHV-6 Q Real-Time PCR Kit compared to the existing RealStar HHV-6 PCR Kit, focusing on factors like sensitivity, specificity, and analytical precision.
- The SMG assay showed a high limit of detection for both HHV-6A and HHV-6B DNA, with excellent linearity and low variability in results across different tests.
- Clinical performance analysis indicated that the SMG kit is a reliable and sensitive method for accurately detecting and distinguishing between HHV-6A and HHV-6B DNA, outperforming RealStar in some metrics.
Background: Pediatric urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive gram-negative bacilli (GNB) has limited options for oral antibiotic treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of ESBL-positive and isolates from pediatric urine samples to two oral antibiotics (fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin).
Methods: From November 2020 to April 2022, ESBL-positive and isolates from urine samples were collected at Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Background: Several cases of pediatric acute hepatitis of unknown etiology related to adenoviral infections have been reported in Europe since January 2022. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence, severity, possible etiology, and prognosis of the disease with those in the past in Korea.
Methods: The surveillance group collected data between May and November 2022 using a surveillance system.
Background: In pediatric patients, the common cold coronavirus (ccCoV) usually causes mild respiratory illness. There are reports of coronavirus causing central nervous system (CNS) infection in experimental animal models. Some immunocompromised patients have also been reported to have fatal CNS infections with ccCoV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis manuscript describes an occurrence of false-positive GM tests in patients receiving TPN products from a manufacturer who had recently changed the supplier of the glucose component. We describe the clinical presentation of nine false-positive cases and the results of serologic and microbiological investigations of the TPN products suspected of contamination with GM. Attempts to detect GM in parenteral nutrition products were made since the detection of GM in sodium gluconate-containing solutions in 2007, but none of them identified the source of elevated GM indexes in TPN products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLoop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for screening congenital cytomegalovirus infection in newborns.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
November 2023
Article Synopsis
- A new test called LAMP can quickly check newborns for a virus called CMV that can cause hearing loss and other problems.
- LAMP gives results in just 15 minutes, while the old test takes 90 minutes.
- This test is useful in places where there aren’t many resources, helping doctors find out if babies have CMV easily.
Effective vaccination strategies to control COVID-19 in Korea: a modeling study.
Epidemiol Health
November 2023
Objectives: In Korea, as immunity levels of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the population acquired through previous infections and vaccinations have decreased, booster vaccinations have emerged as a necessary measure to control new outbreaks. The objective of this study was to identify the most suitable vaccination strategy for controlling the surge in COVID-19 cases.
Methods: A mathematical model was developed to concurrently evaluate the immunity levels induced by vaccines and infections.
Background: The aim of this study was to capture multifaceted clinical characteristics of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection from diagnosis to treatment using a multidisciplinary approach including obstetrics, pediatrics, pathology, and otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery.
Methods: This is a retrospective study including 30 consecutive cases of congenital CMV infection that were diagnosed at a single tertiary hospital located in Seoul, Korea from January 2009 to December 2020. Congenital CMV infection was defined as a positive result by polymerase chain reaction from urine, saliva or cerebrospinal fluid or positive CMV IgM from neonatal blood sampled within 3 weeks after birth.
Article Synopsis
- Children with comorbidities are at higher risk for severe COVID-19, but vaccination rates for those aged 5-11 in Korea are very low at only 1.1% as of January 2023.
- Pediatric patients with comorbidities have higher vaccination rates compared to the general pediatric population, with 76.5% of 12-17-year-olds vaccinated, but those with immunodeficiency show the lowest rates.
- Despite efforts to encourage vaccinations, COVID-19 vaccination rates among Korean children remain low, indicating a need for more aggressive strategies and ongoing monitoring.
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed the incidence and clinical characteristics of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in South Korea during the omicron period compared to earlier periods (pre-delta and delta).
- Researchers found that while the number of MIS-C cases significantly increased during the omicron period, the overall incidence rate per 100,000 COVID-19 cases dropped notably.
- Clinical manifestations were less severe during the omicron period, with fewer patients requiring intensive care compared to earlier periods, indicating a potential shift in MIS-C severity over time.
Twenty-Five Year Trend Change in the Etiology of Pediatric Invasive Bacterial Infections in Korea, 1996-2020.
J Korean Med Sci
April 2023
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed pediatric invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) in children over 25 years (1996-2020) in Korea, highlighting changes in the types of bacteria causing these infections.
- - A total of 2,195 IBI cases were recorded, with specific bacteria being more common in different age groups: (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae in younger children and Staphylococcus aureus in older ones).
- - Findings indicate a decrease in certain bacteria (like Haemophilus influenzae) and an increase in others (such as Streptococcus pyogenes) before the COVID-19 pandemic, providing important baseline data for understanding IBI trends post-pandemic.
Background: Sepsis within the first 3 days of life remains a leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. However, few studies have addressed the epidemiology of sepsis in late preterm and term neonates, particularly in Asia. We aimed to estimate the epidemiology of early-onset sepsis (EOS) in neonates born at ≥35 0/7 weeks' gestation in Korea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSince October 2021, severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in pediatric patients has been observed in many countries around the world. Adenovirus (mainly enteric adenovirus) was detected in more than 50% of the cases. Nationwide surveillance on acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in pediatric patients was started in May 2022 in Korea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antimicrobial that treats serious invasive infections caused by gram-positive bacteria, such as the methicillin-resistant . Despite some comparable advantages, there is no guideline or clinical recommendation for teicoplanin in the pediatric population, unlike vancomycin where abundant studies and the recently revised guideline on therapeutic drug level monitoring (TDM) exist.
Methods: The systematic review was performed in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews.
We reviewed the medical records of five patients with T-B+NK- severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) who received minimal dose allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) (total nucleated cell count (TNC) lower than 1.0 × 10/kg). Patients were administered a median of 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Prevalence of Symptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus Disease in Korea; A 15-Year Multicenter Study and Analysis of Big Data From National Health Insurance System.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc
February 2023
The birth prevalence of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) disease among live birth in Korea from a multicenter study was 0.06% during 2001-2015 with increasing frequency. The administrative prevalence of cCMV infection by big-data analysis from the national health insurance system was 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in Etiology of Invasive Bacterial Infections in Infants Under 3 Months of Age in Korea, 2006-2020.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
December 2022
Objectives: Invasive bacterial infection (IBI) causes a significant burden in infants. In this study, we analyzed changes in epidemiology of IBI among infants in Korea.
Methods: A retrospective multicenter-based surveillance for IBIs in infants <3 months of age was performed during 2006-2020.