Positive Effects of Argon Inhalation After Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats.

The noble gas argon is one of the most promising neuroprotective agents for hypoxic-reperfusion injuries of the brain. However, its effect on traumatic injuries has been insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the triple inhalation of the argon-oxygen mixture Ar 70%/O 30% on physical and neurological recovery and the degree of brain damage after traumatic brain injury and to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms of the neuroprotective effect.

Morphology of Cortical Microglia in the Hyperacute Phase of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Hemorrhagic stroke is the deadliest type of stroke. Cellular and molecular biomarkers are important for understanding the pathophysiology of stroke. Microglia are among the most promising biological markers.

18 F-FDG PET Metabolic Parameters for the Prediction of Histological Response to Induction Chemotherapy in Osteosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma : A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of 18 F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters to predict the histological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma.

Patients And Methods: This systematic review and network meta-analysis adhered to the PRISMA-NMA and Cochrane guidelines. Electronic databases were searched from January 2008 to January 2024; this search was supplemented by snowballing methods.

The impact of inhalation versus total intravenous anesthesia on the immune status in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery: a double-blind randomized clinical trial (TeMP).

Background: Breast cancer (BC) mortality primarily stems from metastases rather than the primary tumor itself. Perioperative stress, encompassing both surgical and anesthetic factors, profoundly impacts the immune system, leading to alterations in neuroendocrine pathways and immune functions, potentially facilitating tumor progression and metastasis. Understanding the immunomodulatory effects of different anesthesia techniques is crucial for optimizing perioperative care in patients with BC.

Prevalence and Impact of Malnutrition Risk on Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury and Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Electronic Health Records.

Background: Malnutrition is a critical concern in ICU settings. It is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, yet its prevalence and impact on clinical outcomes in patients with stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain underexplored.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and impact of malnutrition risk on clinical outcomes in ICU patients with TBI, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke, and to identify key risk factors associated with malnutrition risk.

The Tri-Steps Model of Critical Conditions in Intensive Care: Introducing a New Paradigm for Chronic Critical Illness.

The prevailing model for understanding chronic critical illness is a biphasic model, suggesting phases of acute and chronic critical conditions. A major challenge within this model is the difficulty in determining the timing of the process chronicity. It is likely that the triad of symptoms (inflammation, catabolism, and immunosuppression [ICIS]) could be associated with this particular point.

Sevoflurane multiple Wash In/Wash Out at the end of anesthesia to reduce agitation: A multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative agitation is common after non-cardiac surgery. It is associated with postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction, leading to prolonged hospital stay and delayed social readjustment. Prevention and treatment strategies are lacking.

Intraoperative electroencephalogram patterns as predictors of postoperative delirium in older patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) significantly affects patient outcomes after surgery, leading to increased morbidity, extended hospital stays, and potential long-term cognitive decline. This study assessed the predictive value of intraoperative electroencephalography (EEG) patterns for POD in adults.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA and Cochrane Handbook guidelines.

Adductor Canal Block Versus Femoral Nerve Block in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Network Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: The quality of postoperative analgesia in total knee arthroplasty is crucial for patient recovery, rehabilitation, and hospital stay duration. In line with the above, а single-shot adductor canal block has been considered as an improved method over continuous femoral nerve block. However, continuous adductor canal block and single-shot femoral nerve block have been not adequately addressed in the discussion.

Prognostic value of baseline and interim [F]FDG PET metabolic parameters in pediatric Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Background: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in pediatric populations has a high survival rate but poses risks for long-term morbidities. Although [F]fluoro‑2‑deoxy‑2‑d‑glucose positron emission tomography ([F]FDG PET) scans offer potential for improved risk stratification, the definitive prognostic value of quantitative [F]FDG PET parameters remains unclear for pediatric HL.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective study included pediatric patients diagnosed with HL between 2016 and 2023 treated according to EuroNet-PHL-C1 and DAL/GPOH-HD protocols.

Spectrum of Thrombotic Complications in Fatal Cases of COVID-19: Focus on Pulmonary Artery Thrombosis In Situ.

COVID-19-related thrombosis affects the venous and arterial systems. Data from 156 autopsies of COVID-19 patients were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the pattern of thrombotic complications and factors associated with pulmonary artery thrombosis and thromboembolism. Thrombotic complications were observed in a significant proportion ( = 68, 44%), with pulmonary artery thrombosis the most frequently identified thrombotic event (42, 27%).

Role of Preoperative Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy in Children Requiring Liver Resection.

Purpose: The risk of posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) remains an important concern following major liver resection. Assessment of future remnant liver function (FRLF) by hepatobiliary scintigraphy has shown its significance to prevent PHLF after major liver resection in adults with a threshold value of FRLF greater than 2.7%/min per m2.

Morphologic Findings in the Cerebral Cortex in COVID-19: Association of Microglial Changes with Clinical and Demographic Variables.

Despite the enormous interest in COVID-19, there is no clear understanding of the mechanisms underlying the neurological symptoms in COVID-19. Microglia have been hypothesized to be a potential mediator of the neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19. In most existing studies to date, morphological changes in internal organs, including the brain, are considered in isolation from clinical data and defined as a consequence of COVID-19.

Microbiota Metabolism Failure as a Risk Factor for Postoperative Complications after Aortic Prosthetics.

Postoperative complications in cardiovascular surgery remain an important unresolved problem, in particular in patients with aortic aneurysm. The role of the altered microbiota in such patients is of great interest. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether the development of postoperative complications in patients with aortic aneurysm is related with initial or acquired disorders of microbiota metabolism by monitoring the level of some aromatic microbial metabolites (AMMs) circulating in the blood before the surgery and in the early postoperative period.

Effects of early postoperative neurocognitive disorders on clinically relevant outcomes: a meta-analysis.

Background: Early postoperative neurocognitive disorders (ePND), include both emergence delirium, which is defined as very early onset postoperative delirium, and emergence agitation, defined as motor arousal. Although research on anesthesia emergence is limited, ePND are likely associated with unfavorable outcomes. This meta-analysis assessed the effect of ePND on clinically relevant outcomes.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Systemic Therapy of Spinal Cord Injury of Moderate Severity with Human Umbilical Cord Placental Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Indicators of Dispersion of Articular Angles in the Swimming Test.

Female Sprague-Dawley rats were used as models of moderate contusion spinal cord injury to evaluate the efficiency of single systemic (intravenous) infusion of human mononuclear cord blood cells for restoration of the motor function of hind limbs. The dynamics of recovery of hind limb motor function was assessed using a specially designed method based on calculation of selective dispersion and amplitude-dependent dispersion of hind limbs joint angles measured in the swimming test. The obtained data suggest that systemic application of human mononuclear cord blood cells significantly (p<0.

Bacteriophage Cocktails in the Post-COVID Rehabilitation.

Increasing evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and may persist long after disease resolution. The excessive use of antimicrobials in patients with COVID-19 can lead to additional destruction of the microbiota, as well as to the growth and spread of antimicrobial resistance. The problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics encourages the search for alternative methods of limiting bacterial growth and restoring the normal balance of the microbiota in the human body.

Halogenated anesthetics vs intravenous hypnotics for short and long term sedation in the intensive care unit: A meta-analysis.

Objective: To comprehensively assess peer-reviewed studies using volatile (VA) or intravenous (i/v) anesthetics for sedation in intensive care units (ICUs), with the hypothesis that the type of sedation may have an impact on survival and other clinically relevant outcomes.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized trials.

Setting: ICUs.

Asphericity of tumor [ I]mIBG uptake as a prognostic factor in high-risk neuroblastoma.

Background: In recent years, many research groups have attempted to identify a subgroup of "ultra-high risk" patients within the high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) category. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of parameters derived from pretherapeutic I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine ([ I]mIBG) integrated single photon emission computed tomography and computed tomography in high-risk patients with NB.

Methods: The established parameters metabolic tumor volume (MTV), maximal standardized uptake value (SUV ) and the novel parameter tumor asphericity as well as clinical (age, stage) and genetic factors (1p/11q deletions and MYCN amplification) were analyzed in this single-center retrospective study of high-risk patients with newly diagnosed NB.

The Role of Von Willebrand Factor in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Vascular Thrombosis in COVID-19.

The increased plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (VWF) in patients with COVID-19 was reported in many studies, and its correlation with disease severity and mortality suggest its important role in the pathogenesis of thrombosis in COVID-19. We performed histological and immunohistochemical studies of the lungs of 29 patients who died from COVID-19. We found a significant increase in the intensity of immunohistochemical reaction for VWF in the pulmonary vascular endothelium when the disease duration was more than 10 days.

A Method of Assessment of the Motor Function of Hind Limbs by Swim Test in Spinal Cord Injury Models.

In most studies, various load tests are used to assess the recovery of functions after spinal cord injury in animals. However, the existing methods of assessing the movement in animals are not sufficiently accurate and objective. We developed a new method for assessing motor activity of laboratory animals that allows objective and highly accurate evaluation of movements in animals with serious neurological disorders caused by spinal cord injury.

Systemic Administration of Allogeneic Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells in Adults with Severe Acute Contusion Spinal Cord Injury: Phase 1/2a Pilot Clinical Study-Safety and Primary Efficacy Evaluation.

Objective: Phase 1 of the SUBSCI I/IIa (Systemic Umbilical Cord Blood Administration in Patients with Acute Severe Contusion Spinal Cord Injury) study focused on safety and primary efficacy of multiple systemic infusions of allogeneic unrelated human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells in patients with severe acute spinal cord contusion having severe neurologic deficit. The primary end point was safety. The secondary end point was the restoration of motor and sensory function in lower limbs within a 1-year period.

Six-Month Quality of Life in COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit Survivors.

Objectives: Because there is increasing evidence of serious deterioration in long-term quality of life (QoL) in coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) intensive care unit (ICU) survivors, the authors identified predictors of poor quality of life in these patients.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Research hospital repurposed into a COVID-19 center.