Invasive Salmonella Typhimurium Colonizes Gallbladder and Contributes to Gallbladder Carcinogenesis through Activation of Host Epigenetic Modulator KDM6B.

Gallbladder stones alone do not explain the risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC) as the sole etiological factor. Chronic microbial infection, particularly Salmonella, has been implicated in GB carcinogenesis, but its causative role and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We studied gut and gallbladder tissue microbiome through targeted metagenomics to identify pathogenic bacteria in GBC.

To Study the Incidence of Biofilm Formation, its Microbiology and its Effect on the Development of Acute and Chronic Rhinosinusitis- A Prospective Study.

Bacterial biofilms are organised complex structures having polymicrobial nature in a single community, which provide protection to bacteria from antibiotics by various means. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of biofilm-forming bacteria in clinical isolates of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis (ARS and CRS) patients with sinonasal mucopurulence. To know the incidence of bacterial biofilms in patient with ARS and CRS, to study the microbiology of bacterial biofilms in ARS and CRS, to assess the role and effects of biofilm in ARS and CRS and to correlate the association between the formation of the biofilm and development of rhinosinusitis.

LC-MS analysis and antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activity of Jumli Marshi rice from Nepal: An in vitro and in silico investigation to validate their potential as a functional food.

Jumli Marshi (J. Marshi), a native rice cultivar in Nepal, is gaining popularity owing to its health benefits for obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. However, scientific evidence verifying its therapeutic potential is lacking until November 2024.

Herbal based nanoparticles as a possible and potential treatment of cancer: a review.

Cancer is the greatest cause of mortality worldwide. Various drug classes treat various cancers. Nanoformulations made from natural sources are being studied for treating several diseases, including cancer.

Unveiling the potential of tankyrase I inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A hybrid approach using network pharmacology, 2D structural similarity, molecular docking, MD simulation and in-vitro studies.

Aims: This study explores the association between the Wnt signaling pathway and T2DM, emphasizing the role of Tankyrase1 (TNKS1) in metabolic regulation. Using network pharmacology and computational approaches, it aims to identify potential FDA-approved drugs for repurposing as Wnt inhibitors to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce fat accumulation.

Materials And Methods: Network pharmacology analysis was performed to explore the association between the Wnt pathway and T2DM, identifying Catenin Beta 1 (CTNBB1) as a key hub gene involved in disease progression.

Multi-omics informed mathematical model for meropenem and tobramycin against hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Hypermutable P. aeruginosa isolates frequently display resistance emergence during treatment. Mechanisms of such resistance emergence have not been explored using dynamic hollow-fiber studies and multi-omics-informed mathematical modeling.

Discovery of novel benzoxazole analogues as potential anticancer agent selectively targeting aromatase.

Estrogen play an important role in the development of breast cancer in menopausal women. Aromatase, an enzyme that catalyses the last step in the production of estrogen, has been identified as a promising target for clinical development. In the present investigation, novel 2-substituted benzoxazoles were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition against aromatase.

Comparison of direct intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and other major radiological interventions in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Introduction: Radiological interventions in Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) include anatomical recanalization of the hepatic vein (HV), inferior vena cava (IVC) angioplasty and stenting. In case of technical difficulty and anatomical non-feasibility, an ultrasound-guided direct intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (DIPSS) is created. We aimed at evaluating the outcome of patients managed with DIPSS and comparing it with anatomical recanalization.

A Retrospective Analysis of Pembrolizumab With or Without Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Experience From a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, has shown significant efficacy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), either as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy. However, real-world data from low-middle-income countries, particularly India, are limited. This retrospective study investigates the clinical outcomes of 43 patients with advanced NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy at Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Delhi, India.

Magnesium-Mediated Cyanosilylation and Hydroboration of Arene and N-Heteroarene Aldehydes: An Experimental and Theoretical Study.

Herein, we showed the utilization of a Mg complex Mg-1 as a catalyst in cyanosilylation reactions involving a number of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, conducted under mild reaction conditions. Although complex Mg-1 demonstrated its effectiveness in this transformation, complexes Mg-2 and Mg-3 yielded lower amounts of cyanosilylated products, highlighting the influence of the ligand spacer in catalytic activity. To further assess this effect, a mononuclear magnesium complex, Mg-4, was synthesized and the catalytic performance of Mg-4 in the cyanosilylation of aldehydes was found to be lower than that of Mg-1.

Atmospheric chemistry of the coastal area is influenced by the convergence between the inland and marine air: Insight into carbonyl compounds.

Marine biological activity has long been recognized to impact the atmospheric chemistry of coastal areas. In this work, we monitored the seasonal variation of carbonyl compounds in the coastal city of Qingdao, located in the north of China's coastline and the south of Jiaodong Peninsula, with the vast hinterland in the west. The mean total concentration of the 15 carbonyls varied significantly between seasons, with the highest observed in autumn (10.

Outcomes of vital pulp therapy using various pulp capping agents.

Background: Preserving pulp vitality is crucial for maintaining tooth function and structure. Vital pulp therapy uses pulp capping agents to promote pulp healing and regeneration.

Aims: This study evaluated the outcomes of four different pulp capping agents.

Spatial Variation and Adaptive Responses of Tall-Type Field Peas (Pisum sativum L.) Across Indian Subcontinent.

Understanding crop performance across diverse agro-ecologies is crucial for developing region-specific breeding strategies. This multi-location study examined the impact of diverse environments on crop eco-phenology and genotype-by-environment interactions (GEI) of tall-type field pea breeding lines. Empirical methods were employed to identify strategic locations that support higher yields and unique genotypic traits.

Erratum: linked with increased ethanol production and liver inflammation contribute to the pathophysiology of NAFLD.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.

Deciphering the Genetic Architecture of Parkinson's Disease in India.

The genomic landscape of the Indian population, particularly for age-related disorders like Parkinson's disease (PD) remains underrepresented in global research. Genetic variability in PD has been studied predominantly in European populations, offering limited insights into its role within the Indian population. To address this gap, we conducted the first pan-India genomic survey of PD involving 4,806 cases and 6,364 controls, complemented by a meta-analysis integrating summary statistics from a multi-ancestry PD meta-analysis (N=611,485).

Evaluation of pulpal response at varying remaining dentin thickness in teeth restored with resin bulk fill composite, conventional glass ionomer cement and silver amalgam: Histomorphometric analysis.

Objective: To compare and evaluate the pulp response to GC glass ionomer cement, SDR plus bulk fill composite and amalgam against gold standard calcium hydroxide cement at varying remaining dentin thickness, in teeth planned for orthodontic extraction.

Method: Thirty-eight human premolars were prepared with 2 mm or 2.5 mm depth cavities.

Acute myeloneuropathy due to Glutaric aciduria-1: Expanding the phenotypic spectrum.

Glutaric aciduria type-1 (GA-1) is a rare metabolic disorder due to mutation in gene resulting in varied clinical manifestations. Here we report a case of late-onset GA-1 with acute myelo-neuropathy and chronic renal failure. Institutional ethics committee approval was obtained and genetic analysis was done by clinical exome sequencing.

Mapping of quantitative trait loci and mining of candidate genes for seed viability in soybean [ (L.) Merr.].

Global oilseed crop soybean [ (L.) Merrill] contains 18%-20% oil, 40%-45% protein, and countless nutrients vital for human health. It is grown worldwide for food, feed, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.

Spatial autocorrelation with environmental factors related to tuberculosis prevalence in Nepal, 2020-2023.

Background: Despite global efforts to reduce tuberculosis (TB) incidence, Nepal remains burdened by approximately 70,000 new cases annually, with an incidence rate of 229 per 100,000 people in 2022. This study investigated the geographic patterns of TB notifications in Nepal from fiscal year 2020 to 2023, focusing on environmental determinants such as land surface temperature (LST), urbanization, precipitation and cropland coverage.

Methods: This study examined the spatial association between environmental factors and TB prevalence in Nepal at the district level, utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, bivariate Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) and spatial regression analyses.

Implementing SARS-CoV-2 routine surveillance in antenatal care in Zambia, 2021-2022: best practices and lessons learned.

Background: In Zambia, the true extent of SARS-CoV-2 infections is unknown because initial surveillance focused on patients with symptoms or severe disease. Antenatal sentinel surveillance had not been used to assess infection trends. The ANC COVID-19 surveillance study sought to determine SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and COVID-19 vaccine uptake among pregnant women.

Integrated analysis of circular economy policy innovations in developing countries through experts' perspectives.

This study explores the barriers and opportunities in implementing circular economy policies within developing countries, focusing on the adaptation of policy innovations through expert perspectives. Developing regions face acute challenges, including environmental degradation and limited resource management infrastructure, making the adoption of circular economy models crucial. However, these models require solutions tailored to local contexts.

Insights into early generation synthetic amphidiploid : a strategy to harness maximum parental genomic diversity for improving Indian mustard.

In India, amphidiploid (AABB, 2n=36) is a significant oilseed crop, but its small gene pool limits its ability to develop traits of higher breeding and economic value. Through interspecific hybridization from various lines of the progenitor species, resynthesized (RBJ) can provide breeders with additional resources for creating genetically diverse stress-tolerant and high-yielding cultivars. Three accessions and eight accessions were crossed in this study to develop 33 synthetic lines.

Bronchodilator reversibility and eosinophilic biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Background And Objectives: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is now one of the top three causes of death worldwide. Recently, increased focus has been on COPD patients displaying eosinophilic inflammation and asthma-like features of bronchial hyperreactivity and bronchodilator responsiveness. The objective of the study was to measure the proportion of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with bronchodilator reversibility and to compare the eosinophilic biomarkers between the bronchodilator non-reversible and reversible groups.