Prospective Assessment of VI-RADS with Muscle Invasion in Urinary Bladder Cancer and Its Implication on Re-Resection/Restaging TURBT Patients.

Background: Bladder cancer (BCa) diagnosis relies on distinguishing muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) from non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) forms. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) is a standard procedure for initial staging and treatment. The Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) enhances diagnostic accuracy for muscle invasiveness through advanced imaging techniques, potentially reducing reliance on repeat TURBT and improving patient management.

Molecular characterization, expression and in-silico analysis of fibrinogen-related protein 1 (frep1) in malaria vector Anopheles stephensi.

Background: Fibrinogen-related protein 1 (frep1) is a member of the pattern-recognizing receptor family (PRR) which generates an innate immune response after recognizing the pattern associated molecular pattern (PAMP) that occurs on the surface of microorganisms. The main objective of this study is to characterize frep1 and its in-silico analysis in Anopheles stephensi.

Methods And Result: The DNA was extracted from female Anopheles stephensi.

Development of a robust and generalizable algorithm "gQuant" for accurate normalizer gene selection in qRT-PCR analysis.

The emergent role of nucleic acid-based biomarkers-microRNAs(miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs), and messenger RNAs(mRNAs), is becoming increasingly prominent in disease diagnostics and risk assessment. qRT-PCR is the primary analytical method for quantitative measurement of biomarkers. Yet, the relative infancy of non-coding RNAs recognition as biomarkers poses a challenge due to the absence of a consensus on a universally accepted normalizer gene, an absolute requirement for accurate quantification.

A review on RNA interference studies in Anophelines to reveal candidate genes for malaria transmission blocking vaccine.

Malaria is a major public health concern. The development of parasite-based vaccine RTS/AS01 has some therapeutic value but its lower efficacy is one of the major limitations. Mosquito-based transmission-blocking vaccines could have a higher potential for parasite inhibition within the mosquitoes.

Associated Digital Gangrene of Lower Extremities: Two Cases and Review of Literature.

Background: Leptospirosis is the most common zoonotic illness worldwide, caused by pathogenic spirochete bacteria called . It is clinically presented with mild to moderate in most cases. However, sometimes, the course may be severe with multiorgan dysfunction.

Transovarial transmission of mosquito-borne viruses: a systematic review.

Background: A number of mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs), such as dengue virus (DENV), zika virus (ZIKV), chikungunya (CHIKV), West Nile virus (WNV), and yellow fever virus (YFV) exert adverse health impacts on the global population. and are the prime vectors responsible for the transmission of these viruses. The viruses have acquired a number of routes for successful transmission, including horizontal and vertical transmission.

Mosquito gene targeted RNAi studies for vector control.

Vector-borne diseases are serious public health concern. Mosquito is one of the major vectors responsible for the transmission of a number of diseases like malaria, Zika, chikungunya, dengue, West Nile fever, Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and yellow fever.

Clinicopathological Profile of the von Willebrand Disease in a Tertiary Care Centre in Varanasi.

 The von Willebrand disease (vWD) is one of the most common inherited bleeding disorders in India; however, the diagnostic tests and its interpretation require specialized laboratory and personnel which are not readily available in the eastern part of North India. The purpose of this study is to estimate the relative prevalence of vWD and study the clinical and laboratory features including advanced diagnostic tests.  All patients referred to the pathology department for evaluation of bleeding were evaluated for vWD during a period of 4 years.

Zika virus vertical transmission in mosquitoes: A less understood mechanism.

Zika virus disease is a great concern in different parts of the world, and it has become a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The global pandemic of ZIKV in 2015 prompted concern among scientific community. Zika is a flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae transmitted by mosquitoes.

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 New Variants and Their Clinical Significance.

COVID-19 is a respiration-related disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 and was identified in China's Wuhan city. More than 223 countries are affected by the disease worldwide. The new variants of the COVID-19 virus are causing problems, from average to life-threatening pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Serum complements and immunoglobulin profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: An observational study at a teaching hospital.

Context: Serum complement proteins and autoantibodies play an important role in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Abnormalities in various immunoglobulin levels are described in patients of SLE.

Aims: To study the spectrum of clinical manifestations and measure the serum levels of complement C3, complement C4, autoantibodies and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in patients of SLE and compare with healthy controls.

Correction: Homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulation study of beta carbonic anhydrase of Ascaris lumbricoides in Yadav and Khandelwal, 2019.

[This corrects the article on p. 572 in vol. 15, PMID: 31719767.

Ocular cysticercosis at a teaching hospital in Northern India.

Background: Ocular cysticercosis (OC) is common in tropical countries. This study aimed to analyze the clinical presentation patterns, management and treatment outcomes of OC cases seen at a teaching hospital in North India.

Methods: This study took place between March 2014 and February 2019.

Clinicopathological features of hemophilia in a tertiary care centre of India.

Context: Inherited bleeding disorders are common in India and hemophila and von Willebrand diseases are the most common among them. These patients can present in any department including paediatrics, medicine, orthopaedics and even gynaecology so knowledge about hemophilias and facilities for specialized tests for diagnosis are required. Few centres of north-eastern part of India perform these tests so hemophilias remain an underdiagnosed and underreported disease.

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma at the base of the tongue presented with metastatic disease in the absence of myoepithelial anaplasia.

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a biphasic low-grade malignant tumor that shows ductal structures lined by the ductal cells with surrounding myoepithelial cells. EMC is most commonly reported in the parotid gland followed by other major and minor salivary glands. EMC of the tongue is an extremely uncommon tumor, with only five previously published case reports.

Homology modeling and molecular dynamics dimulation study of β carbonic anhydrase of Ascaris lumbricoides.

Ascaris lumbricoides is the prevalent parasite causing ascariasis by infecting the human alimentary tract. This is common in the jejunum of small intestine. Therefore, it is of interest to describe the target protein β Carbonic Anhydrase involved in Ascariasis.

Clinico-hematological Profile of Hb E-β Thalassemia-Prospective Analysis in a tertiary Care Centre.

Introduction: Hemoglobin E beta-thalassemia is one of the leading forms of severe thalassemia world wide. This disorder is more commonly found in South East Asia including north eastern states of India. Patients suffering from this disorder show marked clinical heterogeneity.

Distribution of various histopathological types of ovarian tumors: A study of 212 cases from a tertiary care center of Eastern Uttar Pradesh.

Background: Ovarian tumors are one of the leading cancers in females with variable pathological types. This study describes the distribution, clinical and pathological details of various histopathological types of ovarian tumors in a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective data of 3 years were collected for ovarian tumors submitted to the pathology department of a tertiary care hospital.

C-cell hyperplasia in sporadic and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Context: C-cell hyperplasia (CCH) is characterized by increased mass of C-cells and has been identified as a precursor condition for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Varying proportion of MTCs is associated with CCH in different studies. This could be due to the lack of uniformity of the definitions and techniques used to identify CCH in these studies.

Extranodal histiocytic sarcoma in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Cytomorphological features of a rare entity with brief review of literature.

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare malignant neoplasm showing morphologic and immunophenotypic evidence of histiocytic differentiation. We describe a rare case of synchronous HS in a patient of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A 16-year-old boy diagnosed as ALL also presented with a swelling over the right Achilles tendon.

Extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma at unusual location involving spleen and kidney with review of literature.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is a rare malignant neoplasm bearing characteristic dimorphic pattern histologically. We describe two rare cases of primary MC involving two different visceral organs (1) a 24-year-old man with solid renal mass and, (2) a 42-year-old man with cystic splenic mass. The histological and immunophenotypical features of both lesions were classical of MC.