3D-Porous Carbon Nitride Through Proton Regulation and Photocatalytic Synergy for Efficient Uranium Extraction From Seawater.

Extracting uranium from seawater is crucial for tapping oceanic resources vital to future energy supply. This study synthesized a novel nitrogen vacancy carbon nitride (NCN) grafted polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite material (NCNP). Experiments and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that NCNP effectively hinders the diffusion of uranyl ions (UO ) to the NCN surface, thereby inhibiting electron transfer reactions.

All-in-one self-floating porous foams as robust heat-blocking layers for efficient photothermal conversion and solar desalination.

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation is a highly efficient and ecofriendly technology for producing freshwater. Herein, self-floating plasmon Ag/black TiO/carbon porous layered foams (Ag-BTCFs) were demonstrated as efficient solar-thermal convectors using freeze-drying cast-molding and high-temperature surface hydrogenation strategies. This all-in-one three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked self-floating porous layered foam material with full-spectrum absorption can fully harvest sunlight (∼95.

Polydopamine/defective ultrathin mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as Z-scheme organic assembly for robust photothermal-photocatalytic performance.

Polydopamine/defective ultrathin mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (PDA/DCN) Z-scheme organic assembly is fabricated through high-temperature surface hydrogenation and ultrasonic freeze-dried strategies. PDA could be anchored on the surface of DCN with adequate N-vacancy defects firmly via π-π interactions, forming Z-scheme heterogenous structure for promoting charge separation. The visible and near-infrared light driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate is up to 3420 μmol h g, and the removal ratio of organic contaminant methylene blue is up to 98% within 70 min, which is several times higher than that of pristine graphitic carbon nitride and DCN.

Surface hybridization of π-conjugate structure cyclized polyacrylonitrile and radial microsphere shaped TiO for reducing U(VI) to U(IV).

It is still a challenge to obtain uranium (U) adsorbents with high selectivity, excellent cycle stability and excellent performance through design and synthesis. In this paper, the TiO/CPAN-AO catalyst was prepared by the hydrothermal method combined with high temperature cyclization dehydrogenation. TiO/CPAN-AO has excellent photocatalytic properties, which can reduce U(VI) to U(IV) quickly and selectively.

The Effect of Light Sedation with Midazolam on Functional Connectivity of the Dorsal Attention Network.

Altered connectivity within and between the resting-state networks (RSNs) brought about by anesthetics that induce altered consciousness remains incompletely understood. It is known that the dorsal attention network (DAN) and its anticorrelations with other RSNs have been implicated in consciousness. However, the role of DAN-related functional patterns in drug-induced sedative effects is less clear.

Surface-oxygen vacancy defect-promoted electron-hole separation of defective tungsten trioxide ultrathin nanosheets and their enhanced solar-driven photocatalytic performance.

Defective WO ultrathin surface-engineered nanosheets are fabricated by a solvothermal and low-temperature surface hydrogenation reduction strategy. The obtained defective WO ultrathin nanosheets with thicknesses of ∼4 nm possess a relatively large surface area of ∼25 m g. After surface engineering, the bandgap is narrowed to ∼2.

Homojunction and defect synergy-mediated electron-hole separation for solar-driven mesoporous rutile/anatase TiO microsphere photocatalysts.

The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of TiO is deemed to be one of the most promising ways of converting solar energy to chemical energy; however, it is a challenge to improve the photo-generated charge separation efficiency and enhance solar utilization. Herein, black mesoporous rutile/anatase TiO microspheres with a homojunction and surface defects have been successfully synthesized by an evaporation-induced self-assembly, solvothermal and high-temperature surface hydrogenation method. The H500-BMR/ATM (H-BMR/ATM, where means the different hydrogen calcination temperatures) materials not only possess a mesoporous structure and relatively high specific surface area of 39.

Plasmon Ag-Promoted Solar-Thermal Conversion on Floating Carbon Cloth for Seawater Desalination and Sewage Disposal.

Using solar energy to achieve seawater desalination and sewage disposal has received tremendous attention for its potential possibility to produce clean freshwater. However, the low solar-thermal conversion efficiency for solar absorber materials obstacles their practical applications. Herein, Ag nanoparticles modified floating carbon cloth (ANCC) are first synthesized via wet impregnation, photoreduction, and low-temperature drying strategy, which could float on the water and absorb the solar energy efficiently.

A new air- and moisture-stable pentagonal-bipyramidal Dy single-ion magnet based on the HMPA ligand.

Based on the HMPA ligand, a new air- and moisture-stable pentagonal-bipyramidal DyIII single-ion magnet [Dy(HMPA)2(H2O)5]2·Br6·2HMPA·2H2O (1) was prepared and characterized. Single-crystal X-ray tests showed the two crystallographically independent DyIII ions located in a pentagonal-bipyramidal coordination sphere with strong axial HMPA ligands and weak equatorial water molecules relating to strong unaxial anisotropy. Direct-current and alternating-current magnetic susceptibilities were measured and showed that 1 exhibited slow relaxation of magnetization up to 36 K (1000 Hz) with an energy barrier of 556 K and blocking temperature of 7 K (defined by the peak temperature of zero-field cooling data).

Improved charge separation of NiS nanoparticles modified defect-engineered black TiO hollow nanotubes for boosting solar-driven photocatalytic H evolution.

NiS nanoparticles modified black TiO hollow nanotubes (NBTNs) are successfully synthesized via surface hydrogenation and the facile solvothermal method. The unique structure with intensified surface and interface characteristics endow NBTNs with more catalytic sites, and increase charge carrier separation efficiency with an extended charge lifetime, overwhelmingly promoting its photocatalytic performance. The resultant NBTNs possess a relatively high surface area and pore size of ∼89 m g and ∼9.

Surface defect-mediated efficient electron-hole separation in hierarchical flower-like bismuth molybdate hollow spheres for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance.

It is desirable to develop an efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst for practical application to degrade highly-noxious pollutants. Herein, the hydrogenation hierarchical flower-like BiMoO hollow spheres (H-BMO-X, where X represents the different hydrogen calcination temperatures) have been successfully fabricated by a solvothermal-surface hydrogenation process. The as-prepared nano-photocatalyst H-BMO-300 clearly exhibits a photocatalytic reaction apparent rate constant k for high-noxious pollutants by ∼3-times higher than pristine BiMoO.

Decreased Cerebral Blood Flow in Mesial Thalamus and Precuneus/PCC during Midazolam Induced Sedation Assessed with ASL.

While some previous work suggests that midazolam-induced light sedation results from the functional disconnection within resting state network, little is known about the underlying alterations of cerebral blood flow (CBF) associated with its effects. A randomized, double-blind, within-subject, cross-over design was adopted, while 12 healthy young volunteers were scanned with arterial spin-labeling (ASL) perfusion MRI both before and after an injection of either saline or midazolam. The contrast of MRI signal before and after midazolam administration revealed the CBF decrease in the bilateral mesial thalamus and precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCC).

Non-Conjugated Polymer as an Efficient Dopant-Free Hole-Transporting Material for Perovskite Solar Cells.

A new non-conjugated polymer (PVCz-OMeDAD) with good solution processability was developed to serve as an efficient dopant-free hole-transporting material (HTM) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). PVCz-OMeDAD was simply prepared by the free-radical polymerization of vinyl monomers, which were synthesized from low-cost raw materials through three high-yield synthesis steps. The combination of the flexible non-conjugated polyvinyl main chain and hole-transporting methoxydiphenylamine-substituted carbazole side chains endowed PVCz-OMeDAD with excellent film-forming ability, a suitable energy level, and high hole mobility.

Disruption of cortical integration during midazolam-induced light sedation.

This work examines the effect of midazolam-induced light sedation on intrinsic functional connectivity of human brain, using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, within-subject design. Fourteen healthy young subjects were enrolled and midazolam (0.03 mg/kg of the participant's body mass, to a maximum of 2.

κ-Opioid receptors are involved in enhanced cardioprotection by combined fentanyl and limb remote ischemic postconditioning.

Background: The combination of various interventions to obtain enhanced cardioprotection is always an important area of research focus. This randomized experiment was designed to assess whether combined fentanyl and limb remote ischemic postconditioning produced enhanced protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in an in vivo rat model, and to determine if κ-opioid receptors were implicated in the cardioprotection of these interventions.

Methods: Seventy-two rats were exposed to a 30-min myocardial ischemia followed by a 180-min reperfusion.

[Effects of combined ischemic postconditioning, remote ischemic postconditioning and naloxone postconditioning on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats].

Objective: To assess the effects of ischemic postconditioning, remote ischemic postconditioning and naloxone postconditioning on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Methods: A total of 110 adult SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 22 each). The focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced by a 90-minute occlusion of right middle cerebral artery (MCA) and a 24-hour reperfusion sequentially.

Propofol improves cardiac functional recovery after ischemia-reperfusion by upregulating nitric oxide synthase activity in the isolated rat hearts.

Background: There are few studies to assess whether propofol attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via a mechanism related to nitric oxide (NO) route, so we designed this randomized blinded experiment to observe the changes of NO contents, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, NOS contents in the myocardium, and cardiac function in ischemic reperfused isolated rat hearts, and to assess the relation between myocardial NO system and cardioprotection of propofol.

Methods: The hearts of 30 Sprague-Dawley male rats were removed, mounted on a Langendorff apparatus, and randomly assigned to one of three groups (n = 10 each group) to be treated with the following treatments in a blinded manner: Group 1, control group, after perfusion with pure Krebs Henseleit bicarbonate (K-HBB) buffer solution for 15 minutes, hearts were subjected to 20 minutes global ischemia followed by 60 minutes reperfusion with pure K-HBB buffer; Group 2, after perfusion with K-HBB buffer solution containing propofol (10 microg/ml) for 15 minutes, the hearts underwent 20 minutes global ischemia followed by 60 minutes reperfusion with the same K-HBB buffer solution; Group 3, after perfusion with K-HBB buffer solution containing propofol (10 microg/ml) and L-NAME (100 micromol/L) for 15 minutes, the hearts underwent 20 minutes global ischemia followed by 60 minutes reperfusion with the same K-HBB buffer solution. The cardiac function was continuously monitored throughout the experiment.

[Effect of remifentanil preconditioning on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury].

Objective: To investigate the delayed cardioprotection induced by remifentanil in intact rat ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) models.

Methods: Totally 42 adult male Wistar rats weighing 200-300 g were randomly divided into 7 groups (n = 6 in each group): In Group I, rats were injected with normal saline via tail vein, performed with the regimen of 3 x 5-min intravenous (i.v.

Median effective dose of remifentanil for awake laryngoscopy and intubation.

Background: Awake intubation requires an anesthetic management that provides sufficient patient safety and comfort, adequate intubating conditions, and stable hemodynamics. In this prospective clinical study, our aim was to determine the median effective dose (ED(50)) of remifentanil in combination with midazolam and airway topical anesthesia for awake laryngoscopy and intubation.

Methods: Thirty-six female adult patients, scheduled for elective plastic surgery under general anesthesia requiring orotracheal intubation were included in this study.

Clinical assessment of awake endotracheal intubation using the lightwand technique alone in patients with difficult airways.

Background: There is few study to determine whether the use of the lightwand technique alone could achieve effective, safe and successful awake endotracheal intubation (ETI), therefore we designed a prospective clinical study to systematically evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of awake ETI using the lightwand alone in patients with difficult airways.

Methods: Seventy adult patients with difficult airways were enrolled in this study. After the desired sedation with fentanyl and midazolam, airway topical anesthesia was performed with 9 ml of 2% lidocaine, which were in order sprayed in three aliquots at 5 minutes intervals into the supraglottic (two doses) and laryngotracheal areas (one dose) using a combined unit of the lightwand and MADgic atomizer.

Comparison of bolus remifentanil versus bolus fentanyl for blunting cardiovascular intubation responses in children: a randomized, double-blind study.

Background: The authors found no study to compare the efficacy of bolus dose fentanyl and remifentanil blunting the cardiovascular intubation response in children, so they designed this randomized, double-blind clinical study to assess the effects of remifentanil 2 microg/kg and fentanyl 2 microg/kg by bolus injection on the cardiovascular intubation response in healthy children.

Methods: One hundred and two children, the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1-2 and scheduled for elective plastic surgery under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into one of two groups to receive the following treatments in a double blind manner: remifentanil 2 microg/kg (Group R) and fentanyl 2 microg/kg (Group F) when anesthesia was induced with propofol and vecuronium. The orotracheal intubation was performed using a direct laryngoscope.

Bolus dose remifentanil and sufentanil blunting cardiovascular intubation responses in children: a randomized, double-blind comparison.

Background And Objective: The present randomized controlled study was designed to compare the efficacy of remifentanil 2 microg kg(-1) and sufentanil 0.2 microg kg(-1) by bolus injection on the cardiovascular response to intubation in healthy children.

Methods: One hundred and five children, ASA 1-2 and scheduled for elective plastic surgery under general anaesthesia, were randomly divided into one of two study groups to receive the following treatments in a double-blind manner: remifentanil 2 microg kg(-1) (group R) and sufentanil 0.

Circulatory responses to nasotracheal intubation: comparison of GlideScope videolaryngoscope and Macintosh direct laryngoscope.

Background: The GlideScope videolaryngoscope (GSVL) has been shown to have no special advantage over the Macintosh direct laryngoscope (MDL) in attenuating the circulatory responses to orotracheal intubation, but no study has compared the circulatory responses to nasotracheal intubation (NTI) using the two devices. This prospective randomized clinical study was designed to determine whether there was a clinically relevant difference between the circulatory responses to NTI with the GSVL and the MDL.

Methods: Seventy-six adult patients were randomly allocated equally to the GSVL group and the MDL group.

Clinical experience of airway management and tracheal intubation under general anesthesia in patients with scar contracture of the neck.

Background: Because patients with scar contracture of the neck are at a high risk of loss of the airway control after anesthesia induction, awake intubation is usually recommended. This retrospective clinical study was designed to evaluate the possibility, safety and efficacy of airway management and tracheal intubation under general anesthesia in such patients.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1683 patients from January 1994 to December 2006 with scar contracture of the neck, aged 1.