Engineering Rubisco condensation in chloroplasts to manipulate plant photosynthesis.

Although Rubisco is the most abundant enzyme globally, it is inefficient for carbon fixation because of its low turnover rate and limited ability to distinguish CO and O, especially under high O conditions. To address these limitations, phytoplankton, including cyanobacteria and algae, have evolved CO-concentrating mechanisms (CCM) that involve compartmentalizing Rubisco within specific structures, such as carboxysomes in cyanobacteria or pyrenoids in algae. Engineering plant chloroplasts to establish similar structures for compartmentalizing Rubisco has attracted increasing interest for improving photosynthesis and carbon assimilation in crop plants.

Cloning and expression analysis of RhHsf24 gene in Rose (Rosa hybrida).

Rose (Rosa hybrida) is one of the most important ornamental and perfume industry crops worldwide, both economically and culturally. Abiotic stresses, such as high temperature and salt are crucial factors influencing the quality of roses. In this study, RhHsf24 was isolated from rose (R.

Involvement of disulfidptosis in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, with oxidative stress recognized as a key pathogenic mechanisms. Oxidative stress disrupts intracellular dynamic- thiol/disulfide homeostasis (DTDH), potentially leading to disulfidptosis, a newly identified cell death mechanism. While studies suggest a link between DTDH and ASD, direct evidence implicating disulfidptosis in ASD pathogenesis remains limited.

Palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance triggers granulosa cell senescence by disruption of the UPR/mitophagy/lysosome axis.

Insulin resistance (IR) is the main pathological feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the adverse impacts of IR on ovary and granulosa cells (GCs) are unknown. Therefore, the role of palmitic acid (PA) induced IR in GCs, and a mitochondrial proteostasis and mitochondrial homeostasis control system, the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR)/mitophagy/lysosome axis were investigated to uncover the side effect and the mechanism of IR on GCs. Our results revealed that IR in GC was successfully constructed by 100 μM PA treatment accompanied with cell senescence.

Pubertal low dose exposure to benzophenone-3 (BP-3) alters murine mammary stem cell functions.

Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) is an organic UV filter that is widely used in personal care products and has been indicated to have negative impacts on the environment and human health. The mammary glands of humans and rodents have been confirmed to be target organs affected by BP-3 exposure. However, limited information is available on the underlying mechanism currently.

Distinct lipidomic profiles but similar improvements in aerobic capacity following sprint interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training in male adolescents.

Background: Exercise-induced metabolic changes, especially lipidomic changes are generally associated with improvements in cardiovascular health. Despite numerous previous studies, the differences in lipidomic profile response to different types of exercise training remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate how two different exercise intensities affect aerobic capacity and serum lipidomic profiles in healthy adolescents.

Effective Reduction of Transgene-Specific Immune Response With rAAV Vectors Co-Expressing miRNA-UL112-5p or ERAP1 shRNA.

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has emerged as one of the best gene delivery vectors for human gene therapy in vivo. However, the clinical efficacy of rAAV gene therapy is often hindered by the host immune response against its transgene products. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is specialised to process peptides presented by class I molecules of major histocompatibility complex.

Isolated initial clavus-like rash: a rare presentation of secondary syphilis.

We report two cases of secondary syphilis with an isolated papule on the palm as the initial presentation. The clinical manifestations of secondary syphilis can be diverse, with a high rate of misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis. This article presents two patients with a purpose to alert clinicians not to forget the great imitator of syphilis for lesions of uncertain diagnosis.

Rubisco packaging and stoichiometric composition of the native β-carboxysome in Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942.

Carboxysomes are anabolic bacterial microcompartments that play an essential role in CO2 fixation in cyanobacteria. This self-assembling proteinaceous organelle uses a polyhedral shell constructed by hundreds of shell protein paralogs to encapsulate the key CO2-fixing enzymes Rubisco and carbonic anhydrase. Deciphering the precise arrangement and structural organization of Rubisco enzymes within carboxysomes is crucial for understanding carboxysome formation and overall functionality.

Engineering CO-fixing modules in Escherichia coli via efficient assembly of cyanobacterial Rubisco and carboxysomes.

Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) is the central enzyme for conversion of atmospheric CO into organic molecules, playing a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. In cyanobacteria and some chemoautotrophs, Rubisco complexes, together with carbonic anhydrase, are enclosed within specific proteinaceous microcompartments known as carboxysomes. The polyhedral carboxysome shell ensures the dense packaging of Rubisco and creates a high-CO internal environment to facilitate CO fixation.

Involvement of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 in pain insensitivity in a BTBR mouse model of autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Abnormal sensory perception, particularly pain insensitivity (PAI), is a typical symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite the role of myelin metabolism in the regulation of pain perception, the mechanisms underlying ASD-related PAI remain unclear.

Methods: The pain-associated gene sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) was identified in ASD samples through bioinformatics analysis.

Rubisco packaging and stoichiometric composition of a native β-carboxysome.

Carboxysomes are anabolic bacterial microcompartments that play an essential role in carbon fixation in cyanobacteria. This self-assembling proteinaceous organelle encapsulates the key CO-fixing enzymes, Rubisco and carbonic anhydrase, using a polyhedral shell constructed by hundreds of shell protein paralogs. Deciphering the precise arrangement and structural organization of Rubisco enzymes within carboxysomes is crucial for understanding the formation process and overall functionality of carboxysomes.

Association between obesity and sleep disorder in the elderly: evidence from NHANES 2005-2018.

Background: The available data exhibit inconsistent findings regarding the association between obesity and sleep problems among older adults. The objective of this study was to assess the potential association between obesity and sleep disorders in the older population.

Methods: The data utilised in this cross-sectional investigation was obtained from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2018.

ZG16 impacts gut microbiota-associated intestinal inflammation and pulmonary mucosal function through bacterial metabolites.

Zymogen granule 16 (ZG16) is a secretory glycoprotein found in zymogen granules, which also plays an important role in colorectal inflammation and cancer. Herein, a ZG16 gene knock-out (ZG16) mouse line was established and we found that ZG16 deletion damaged the intestinal mucosal barrier and gut microbiota, which resulted in low-level inflammation and further promoted the development of ulcerative colitis and inflammation-related colorectal cancer. Meanwhile, a metabolomics analysis on mouse feces showed that the metabolites significantly differed between ZG16 and WT mice, which were important mediators of host-microbiota communication and may impact the pulmonary inflammation of mice.

Use of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing to Identify Pathogens Involved in Central Nervous System Infections.

Purpose: Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in identifying nosocomial central nervous system (CNS) infections in critical care units remains understudied.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of microbiological results through both mNGS and routine examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with nosocomial CNS infections. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical diagnostic effect of nosocomial mNGS in this population.

Effects of Acute Sleep Deprivation on Sporting Performance in Athletes: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Using meta-analysis to comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate the impact of acute sleep deprivation on different sports performance of athletes, this study aims to provide scientific guidance for coaches in optimizing and adjusting training and competition arrangements.

Methods: Establishing literature inclusion and exclusion criteria, we conducted searches in both Chinese and English databases. Using stata 14.

Conjugated Polymer/Recombinant Biohybrid Systems for Photobiocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

Biohybrid photocatalysts are composite materials that combine the efficient light-absorbing properties of synthetic materials with the highly evolved metabolic pathways and self-repair mechanisms of biological systems. Here, we show the potential of conjugated polymers as photosensitizers in biohybrid systems by combining a series of polymer nanoparticles with engineered cells. Under simulated solar light irradiation, the biohybrid system consisting of fluorene/dibenzo []thiophene sulfone copolymer (LP41) and recombinant (i.

Protective effect and mechanism of nanoantimicrobial peptide ND-C14 against infection.

Background: () is a common pathogen that causes bacterial pneumonia. However, with increasing bacterial resistance, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs to treat infections. Nanodefensin with a 14-carbon saturated fatty acid (ND-C14) is a novel nanoantimicrobial peptide designed by modifying myristic acid at the C-terminus of human α-defensin 5 (HD5) via an amide bond.

Turning cationic antimicrobial peptide KR-12 into self-assembled nanobiotics with potent bacterial killing and LPS neutralizing activities.

Gram-negative sepsis has become a substantial and escalating global healthcare challenge due to the growing antibiotic resistance crisis and the sluggish development of new antibiotics. LL-37, a unique Cathelicidin species found in humans, exhibits a wide range of bioactive properties, including direct bactericidal effects, inflammation regulation, and LPS neutralization. KR-12, the smallest yet potent peptide fragment of LL-37, has been modified to create more effective antimicrobials.

Bleomycin promotes rAAV2 transduction via DNA-PKcs/Artemis-mediated DNA break repair pathways.

Because it is safe and has a simple genome, recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is an extremely appealing vector for delivery in in vivo gene therapy. However, its low transduction efficiency for some cells, limits its further application in the field of gene therapy. Bleomycin is a chemotherapeutic agent approved by the FDA whose effect on rAAV transduction has not been studied.

Development of an Inosine Hyperproducer from by Systems Metabolic Engineering.

Inosine is widely used in food, chemical, and medicine. This study developed into an inosine hyperproducer through systems metabolic engineering. First, purine metabolism was activated by deleting inhibitors PurR and YabJ and overexpressing the operon.

Chemoautotrophic production of gaseous hydrocarbons, bioplastics and osmolytes by a novel Halomonas species.

Background: Production of relatively low value, bulk commodity chemicals and fuels by microbial species requires a step-change in approach to decrease the capital and operational costs associated with scaled fermentation. The utilisation of the robust and halophilic industrial host organisms of the genus Halomonas could dramatically decrease biomanufacturing costs owing to their ability to grow in seawater, using waste biogenic feedstocks, under non-sterile conditions.

Results: We describe the isolation of Halomonas rowanensis, a novel facultative chemoautotrophic species of Halomonas from a natural brine spring.