Development of the CMA-ChemRA: China Regional Weakly Coupled Chemical-Weather Reanalysis System with product since 2007.

The CMA-ChemRA (China Regional Weakly Coupled Chemical-Weather Reanalysis System) was developped using China's first-generation global atmospheric reanalysis product (CRA-40) as initial fields and boundary conditions, coupled with the WRF-Chem atmospheric chemical model and the WRFDA/3DVar assimilation system. By constructing a joint background error covariance matrix, CMA-ChemRA achieves weak coupling between atmospheric chemistry and meteorological variables, enabling simultaneous assimilation of diverse data sources, including hourly observations from ground stations, wind profilers, upper-air soundings, aircraft reports, and atmospheric composition measurements. To extend the dataset to periods before 2013 when China lacked PM observations, the system incorporates a reconstructed PM dataset derived by AI from visibility inversion alongside various emission inventories.

Acid Resistance Engineering of Endoglucanase for the Degradation of Wine Lees.

Wine lees is a low value biomass resource rich in cellulose, with great potential for producing organic fertilizers and chemicals. However, the high acidity of wine lees limits the catalytic efficiency of the conversion tool endoglucanase. Here, we expressed endoglucanase tCel5A from in , and the combination of promoter AOX1 and signal peptide SUC2 resulted in a highly active expression of 4632.

Two-Dimensional Topological Platinum Telluride Superstructures with Periodic Tellurium Vacancies for Efficient and Robust Catalysis.

Defect engineering in the inherently inert basal planes of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), involving the introduction of chalcogen vacancies, represents a pivotal approach to enhance catalytic activity by exposing high-density catalytic metal single-atom sites. However, achieving a single-atom limit spacing between chalcogen vacancies to form ordered superstructures remains challenging for creating uniformly distributed high-density metal single-atom sites on TMDs comparable to carbon-supported single-atom catalysts (SACs). Here we unveil an efficient TMD-based topological catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), featuring high-density single-atom reactive centers on a few-layer (7 × 7)-PtTe superstructure.

Repurposed genipin targeting UCP2 exhibits antitumor activity through inducing ferroptosis in glioblastoma.

Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) controls the antioxidant response and redox homeostasis in cancer and is considered a potent molecular target for cancer treatment. However, the specific mechanism of UCP2 inhibition and its role in glioblastoma (GBM) have not yet been elucidated. Here, we attempt to identify a UCP2 inhibitor and study the underlying molecular mechanism in GBM.

Apelin-13-Loaded Macrophage Membrane-Encapsulated Nanoparticles for Targeted Ischemic Stroke Therapy via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis.

Purpose: Ischemic stroke is a refractory disease wherein the reperfusion injury caused by sudden restoration of blood supply is the main cause of increased mortality and disability. However, current therapeutic strategies for the inflammatory response induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury are unsatisfactory. This study aimed to develop a functional nanoparticle (MM/ANPs) comprising apelin-13 (APNs) encapsulated in macrophage membranes (MM) modified with distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol-RVG29 (DSPE-PEG-RVG29) to achieve targeted therapy against ischemic stroke.

An international relations quantitative evaluation model (IRQEM) based on an integrated method.

International relations (IR) have great uncertainty and instability. Bad IR or conflicts will bring about heavy economic losses and widespread social unrest domestically and internationally. The accurate prediction for bilateral relations can support decision making for timely responses, which will be used to find ways to maintain development in the complex international situation.

Recent Progress in Solar-Blind Photodetectors Based on Ultrawide Bandgap Semiconductors.

Ultrawide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors, including GaO, diamond, Al Ga N/AlN, featuring bandgaps greater than 4.4 eV, hold significant promise for solar-blind ultraviolet photodetection, with applications spanning in environmental monitoring, chemical/biological analysis, industrial processes, and military technologies. Over recent decades, substantial strides in synthesizing high-quality UWBG semiconductors have facilitated the development of diverse high-performance solar-blind photodetectors (SBPDs).

Recent advances in potential therapeutic targets of ferroptosis‑associated pathways for the treatment of stroke (Review).

Stroke is a severe neurological disease that is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, and the underlying pathological processes are complex. Ferroptosis fulfills a significant role in the progression and treatment of stroke. It is well established that ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that is distinct from other forms or types of cell death.

Correction: Development of bioactive and ultrasound-responsive microdroplets for preventing ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis.

Correction for 'Development of bioactive and ultrasound-responsive microdroplets for preventing ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis' by Yi Zhang , , 2023, , 11344-11356, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TB01726E.

Diagnostic Value of Stimulated Urine Luteinizing Hormone After Triptorelin Stimulation Test in Girls with Central Precocious Puberty.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of urine luteinizing hormone (ULH) after the triptorelin stimulation test detected by immunochemiluminometric assay (ICMA) in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP).

Methods: The girls with precocious puberty were included. The triptorelin stimulation test at 8:30 a.

The Novel Insight of Gut Microbiota from Mouse Model to Clinical Patients and the Role of NF-κB Pathway in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and related symptoms in women of reproductive age. Emerging evidence suggests that chronic low-grade inflammation plays a significant role in the development of PCOS. The gut microbiota, a complex bacterial ecosystem, has been extensively studied for various diseases, including PCOS, while the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.

Microdroplets Encapsulated with NFATc1-siRNA and Exosomes-Derived from MSCs Onto 3D Porous PLA Scaffold for Regulating Osteoclastogenesis and Promoting Osteogenesis.

Introduction: Osteoporotic-related fractures remains a significant public health concern, thus imposing substantial burdens on our society. Excessive activation of osteoclastic activity is one of the main contributing factors for osteoporosis-related fractures. While polylactic acid (PLA) is frequently employed as a biodegradable scaffold in tissue engineering, it lacks sufficient biological activity.

N6022 attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced microglia ferroptosis by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inhibiting the GSNOR/GSTP1 axis.

Stroke poses a significant risk of mortality, particularly among the elderly population. The pathophysiological process of ischemic stroke is complex, and it is crucial to elucidate its molecular mechanisms and explore potential protective drugs. Ferroptosis, a newly recognized form of programmed cell death distinct from necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy, is closely associated with the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke.

Platelets: A Potential Factor that Offers Strategies for Promoting Bone Regeneration.

Bone defects represent a prevalent category of clinical injuries, causing significant pain and escalating health care burdens. Effectively addressing bone defects is thus of paramount importance. Platelets, formed from megakaryocyte lysis, have emerged as pivotal players in bone tissue repair, inflammatory responses, and angiogenesis.

Therapeutic strategies targeting the NLRP3‑mediated inflammatory response and pyroptosis in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (Review).

Ischemic stroke poses a major threat to human health. Therefore, the molecular mechanisms of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) need to be further clarified, and the associated treatment approaches require exploration. The NOD‑like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome serves an important role in causing CIRI, and its activation exacerbates the underlying injury.

Development of bioactive and ultrasound-responsive microdroplets for preventing ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis.

As a common bone disease in the elderly population, osteoporosis-related bone loss and bone structure deterioration represent a major public health problem. Therapeutic strategies targeting excessive osteoclast formation are frequently used for osteoporosis treatment; however, potential side effects have been recorded. Here, we have developed a novel therapeutic strategy using microdroplets (MDs) encapsulated with NFATc1-siRNA and investigated the role of bioactive MDs-NFATc1 biocompatibility in RAW 264.

Analysis of the Sputum Culture Spectrum of Children with Respiratory Tract Infection in Wuxi Between 2014 and 2021.

Objective: We retrospectively analysed related clinical data to determine the influencing factors to better prevent and treat children's respiratory tract infection.

Methods: The study participants were children with respiratory tract infection who had sputum cultured in our hospital between 2014 and 2021. Sputum samples were extracted using negative suction pressure and sent to the hospital microbiological laboratory for testing.