Intraoperative hemodynamics in prediction of postoperative kidney injury after type a aortic dissection surgery: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a severe cardiovascular condition associated with high risks for postoperative complications, particularly renal dysfunction. This study investigated whether intraoperative hypotension and venous congestion are important predictors of postoperative kidney injury and major adverse events.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 543 adults undergoing TAAD surgery (2016-2023).

Drive Pressure-Guided Individualized Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in Traumatic Brain Injury Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aim: Intraoperative lung-protective ventilation strategies (LPVS) have been shown to improve lung oxygenation and prevent postoperative pulmonary problems in surgical patients. However, the application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)-based LPVS in emergency traumatic brain injury (TBI) has not been thoroughly explored. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of drive pressure-guided individualized PEEP on perioperative pulmonary oxygenation, postoperative pulmonary complications, and recovery from neurological injury in patients with TBI.

Decoding neuronal genes in stroke-induced pain: insights from single-nucleus sequencing in mice.

Background: The role of neurons in central post-stroke pain (CPSP) following thalamic hemorrhage remains unclear. This study aimed to identify key genes associated with post-thalamic hemorrhage pain and to explore their functions in neurons. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) data from a mouse model was used for this analysis.

The Cytidine N-Acetyltransferase NAT10 Promotes Thalamus Hemorrhage-Induced Central Poststroke Pain by Stabilizing Fn14 Expression in Thalamic Neurons.

The recognition of RNA N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification as a significant type of gene regulation is growing; nevertheless, whether ac4C modification or the N-acetyltransferase 10 protein (NAT10, the only ac4C "writer" that is presently known) participates in thalamus hemorrhage (TH)-induced central poststroke pain (CPSP) is unknown. Here, we observed NAT10 was primarily located in the neuronal nuclei of the thalamus of mice, with Fn14 and p65. An increase of NAT10 mRNA and protein expression levels in the ipsilateral thalamus was observed from days 1 to 14 after TH.

Association Between Glycemic Variability and Persistent Acute Kidney Injury After Noncardiac Major Surgery: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: While the relationship between glycemic variability (GV) and acute kidney injury (AKI) has been a subject of interest, the specific association of GV with persistent AKI beyond 48 hours postoperative after noncardiac surgery is not well-established.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study aimed to describe the patterns of different GV metrics in the immediate 48 hours after noncardiac surgery, evaluate the association between GV indices and persistent AKI within the 7-day postoperative window, and compare the risk identification capabilities of various GV for persistent AKI. A total of 10,937 patients who underwent major noncardiac surgery across 3 medical centers in eastern China between January 2015 and September 2023 were enrolled.

Risk factors for postoperative delirium in frail elderly patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery and development of a prediction model-a prospective observational study.

Background: To identify the risk factors for postoperative delirium (POD) after cardiac surgery in frail elderly patients and develop a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) prediction model to confirm the effectiveness.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study, patients were assessed preoperatively according to the frailty index (FI) scale. Cerebral (SctO) was assessed at different time points using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Genetically supported causality between gut microbiota, immune cells, and ischemic stroke: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous studies have highlighted a robust correlation between gut microbiota/immune cells and ischemic stroke (IS). However, the precise nature of their causal relationship remains uncertain. To address this gap, our study aims to meticulously investigate the causal association between gut microbiota/immune cells and the likelihood of developing IS, employing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Genetically supported causality between gut microbiota and frailty: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: A mounting body of evidence suggests a strong connection between gut microbiota and the risk of frailty. However, the question of causality remains unanswered. In this study, we employed a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to assess potential causal relationships between gut microbiota and the risk of frailty.

Genetically supported causality between gut microbiota, immune cells and morphine tolerance: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous researches have suggested a significant connection between the gut microbiota/immune cells and morphine tolerance (MT), but there is still uncertainty regarding their causal relationship. Hence, our objective is to inverstigate this causal association and reveal the impact of gut microbiota/immune cells on the risk of developing MT using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for gut microbiota, immune cells, and MT.

Piezo2 Contributes to Traumatic Brain Injury by Activating the RhoA/ROCK1 Pathways.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to short-term and long-term physical and cognitive impairments, which have significant impacts on patients, families, and society. Currently, treatment outcomes for this disease are often unsatisfactory, due at least in part to the fact that the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of TBI are largely unknown. Here, we observed significant upregulation of Piezo2, a key mechanosensitive ion channel protein, in the injured brain tissue of a mouse model of TBI induced by controlled cortical impact.

Effect of trans-nasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange on reflux and microaspiration in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy during induction of general anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Reflux aspiration is a rare but serious complication during induction of anesthesia. The primary aim of this study is to compare the incidence of reflux and microaspiration in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy during induction of general anesthesia using either a facemask or trans-nasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, randomized, controlled trial.

Ultrasound assessment of gastric content in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy after preoperative oral carbohydrates: a prospective, randomized controlled, double-blind study.

Background: To evaluate the gastric volume and nature after drinking preoperative oral carbohydrates in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy via ultrasonography.

Methods: One hundred patients who had been scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled and randomized into the traditional fasting group (Control group,  = 50) and the carbohydrate group (CHO group,  = 50). Patients in the Control group fasted solids and drink from midnight, the day before surgery.

Effects of sub-chronic exposure to microcystin-LR on the endocrine system of male rats.

Microcystins (MCs) can cause reproductive and developmental toxicity and disrupt endocrine homeostasis in mammals. In the present study, male, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were administrated 3 or 30 μg MC-LR/kg, body mass (bm) per day via intraperitoneal (i.p.

Apoptotic mechanism of propofol-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos.

General anesthetics can cause neurological damage and long-term behavioral/cognitive impairment during fetal and early postnatal life. However, the adverse influence on embryo development induced by propofol is unclear. We used embryonic zebrafish to explore the effects of propofol on embryonic and larval growth and development, and the related apoptotic mechanism.

Combination of single-nucleus and bulk RNA-seq reveals the molecular mechanism of thalamus haemorrhage-induced central poststroke pain.

Central poststroke pain (CPSP) induced by thalamic haemorrhage (TH) can be continuous or intermittent and is accompanied by paresthesia, which seriously affects patient quality of life. Advanced insights into CPSP mechanisms and therapeutic strategies require a deeper understanding of the molecular processes of the thalamus. Here, using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), we sequenced the transcriptomes of 32332 brain cells, which revealed a total of four major cell types within the four thalamic samples from mice.

The use of multiple datasets to identify autophagy-related molecular mechanisms in intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a stroke syndrome with high mortality and disability rates, but autophagy's mechanism in ICH is still unclear. We identified key autophagy genes in ICH by bioinformatics methods and explored their mechanisms. We downloaded ICH patient chip data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Evolution Under Dietary Restriction Increases Reproduction at the Cost of Decreased Somatic Growth.

Dietary restriction (DR) is cited as the most reliable means of extending life span in a wide range of taxa, yet the evolutionary basis of the DR effect on life span remains unclear. The resource reallocation hypothesis proposes that the longevity-extending response of DR is adaptive and stems from the reallocation of resources from reproduction to somatic maintenance under food-limited conditions. However, if DR continues for multiple generations, such a response becomes maladaptive, and genotypes with higher fecundity should be selectively favored over genotypes with longer longevity.

miR-223 ameliorates thalamus hemorrhage-induced central poststroke pain via targeting NLRP3 in a mouse model.

Central poststroke pain (CPSP) is a central neuropathic pain syndrome that occurs following a stroke and mainly manifests as pain and paresthesia in the body region corresponding to the brain injury area. At present, due to the lack of clinical attention given to CPSP, patients suffer from long-term pain that seriously affects their quality of life. Current literature indicates that microRNA (miR)-223 can impede inflammation and prevent collateral damage.

Intraoperative venous congestion rather than hypotension is associated with acute adverse kidney events after cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The pathophysiological mechanisms by which venous congestion and hypotension lead to acute adverse kidney events after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass have not been elucidated. We tested the hypothesis that intraoperative hypotension and venous congestion are associated with acute kidney injury and acute kidney disease.

Methods: Primary exposures were venous congestion and intraoperative hypotension defined by central venous pressure ≥12, 16, or 20 mm Hg or mean arterial pressure ≤55, 65, or 75 mm Hg.

Dexmedetomidine effect on delirium in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Delirium is a common postoperative complication. Many studies have found that dexmedetomidine is associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative delirium (POD). This meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effects of dexmedetomidine on POD incidence among elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia.