Human coronavirus (CoV) HKU1 infection typically causes common cold but can lead to pneumonia in children, older people, and immunosuppressed individuals. Recently, human transmembrane serine protease 2 (hTMPRSS2) was identified as the functional receptor for HKU1, but its region and residues critical for HKU1 S binding remain elusive. In this study, we find that HKU1 could utilize human and hamster, but not rat, mouse, or bat TMPRSS2 for virus entry, displaying a narrow host range.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe autophagy-related gene family (Autophagy-related 8) plays an important role in plant growth, development, and stress response. In this study, 15 gene family sequences were amplified from Solanaceae, namely tobacco, tomato, and pepper, using RT-PCR to evaluate their basic properties, protein structure, and function, as well as the role of in autophagy. The physicochemical properties, the predicted secondary and tertiary protein structures, subcellular localisation, gene structures, conserved motifs, and phylogenetic relationships of the genes were analysed using bioinformatic techniques, and their expression patterns under sericin-induced plant disease resistance were investigated by RT-qPCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study used the DNA of Ba168 as a template to amplify the flagellin BP8-2 gene and ligate it into the fusion expression vector pCAMBIA1300-35S-EGFP after digestion for the construction of the expression vector pCAMBIA1300-EGFP-BP8-2. Next, using as receptor material, transient expression was carried out under the mediation of C58C1. Finally, the transient expression and subcellular localisation of flagellin BP8-2 protein were analysed using the imaging of co-transformed GFP under laser confocal microscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, represents a serious threat to public health. The spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 mediates viral entry into host cells and is heavily glycosylated. In this study, we systemically analyzed the roles of 22 putative N-linked glycans in SARS-CoV-2 S protein expression, membrane fusion, viral entry, and stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTobacco use and heavy alcohol consumption are risk factors for head and neck cancer (HNC), including oral, pharynx, and larynx cancer. No study has investigated the preventable burden of HNC attributable to tobacco and alcohol in China. We extracted data from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurdock (Arctium lappa L.) is not only a popular vegetable crop but also an important medicinal plant. In burdock plants with symptoms of leaf mosaic, a novel torradovirus tentatively named "burdock mosaic virus" (BdMV) was identified by high-throughput sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe land is a vital resource to support economic growth. Previous studies have mainly taken urban and agricultural areas as the major factors of economic boost. However, the supporting role of diversified land in sustainable economy has not been fully valued.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlue mold caused by Penicillium expansum is one of the most common apple diseases, and it is becoming a serious threat in apple production. The strain Ba168 showed high levels of antimicrobial activity in our previous study. To analyze the antimicrobial protein of Ba168, a high-resolution LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis was performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProteins of the alkylation B (AlkB) superfamily show RNA demethylase activity removing methyl adducts from N -methyladenosine (m A). m A is a reversible epigenetic mark of RNA that regulates human virus replication but has unclear roles in plant virus infection. We focused on Potyvirus-the largest genus of plant RNA viruses-and report here the identification of AlkB domains within P1 of endive necrotic mosaic virus (ENMV) and an additional virus of a putative novel species within Potyvirus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aims to evaluate the practical application value of the teaching method under the guidance of educational psychology and artificial intelligence (AI) design, taking the deep learning theory as the basis of teaching design. The research objects of this study involve all the teachers, students, and students' parents of Ningbo Middle School. The questionnaires are developed to survey the changes in the performance of students before and after the implementation of the teaching design and the satisfaction of all teachers, students, and parents to different teaching methods by comparing the two results and the satisfaction ratings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFwilt of potato is one of the most common diseases of potato in China, and is becoming a serious threat in potato production. It has been reported that osthole from () can inhibit plant pathogens. Here, we test the anti-fungal activity of osthole against in potatoes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Potato virus Y (PVY) is an important viral pathogen of the plant family . However, it has not been reported that PVY infects zucchini ( L). Zucchini plants showing symptoms of leaf mosaic and fruit ringspot were collected from Inner Mongolia, China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTobacco black shank (TBS) caused by Phytophthora nicotianae is destructive to almost all tobacco cultivars and is widespread in many tobacco-growing countries. Through lab study and field test, we isolated plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strain Ba168 which is a promising biocontrol strain of TBS. Ba168 was isolated from 168 soil samples and identified as Bacillus velezensis by its genetic and phenotypic characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe coumarin compound of osthole was extracted from and identified by LC-MS and H- and C-NMR. Osthole was tested for anti-virus activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) using the half-leaf method. The results showed that stronger antiviral activity on TMV infection appeared in than that of eugenol and ningnanmycin, with inhibitory, protective, and curative effects of 72.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are essential components of the basic cell structure of plants. In particular, leaf N and P concentrations and their stoichiometric relationship largely determine the photosynthesis, growth, reproduction, and ecophysiological processes of plants. As important leaf functional traits, leaf N and P concentrations and their stoichiometric relationship play vital roles in indicating plant nutrient-use strategies and their evolution in terrestrial ecosystems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations are critical for photosynthesis, growth, reproduction and other ecological processes of plants. Previous studies on large-scale biogeographic patterns of leaf N and P stoichiometric relationships were mostly conducted using data pooled across taxa, while family/genus-level analyses are rarely reported. Here, we examined global patterns of family-specific leaf N and P stoichiometry using a global data set of 12,716 paired leaf N and P records which includes 204 families, 1,305 genera, and 3,420 species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, two phenol compounds, magnolol and honokiol, were extracted from and identified by LC-MS, H- and C-NMR. The magnolol and honokiol were shown to be effective against seven pathogenic fungi, including (Fr.) Keissl, (Link) Thom, f.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPremise Of The Study: Nutrient resorption is essential for plant nutrient conservation. Large-bodied plants potentially have large nutrient sink pools and high nutrient flux. Whether and how nutrient resorption can be regulated by plant size and biomass allocation are yet unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe semiconductor optoelectronic properties of an inorganic (Bi(BiS)I) hexagonal nano-/micro-rod are firstly explored herein. Transmittance and thermoreflectance measurements show that (Bi(BiS)I) hexagonal rods possess an indirect gap of 0.73 eV and a direct gap of 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStoichiometric homeostasis is the ability of plants remaining their element composition relatively stable regardless of changes in nutrient availability, via various physiological mechanisms. Nutrient resorption is one of such key mechanisms, but whether and how nitrogen and phosphorus homeostasis and resorption in plants would change with growth-stages under variable nutrient supply was unclear. A nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer addition experiment was conducted to evaluate the dynamics of N and P homeostasis and resorption efficiency during different growth-stages of Amaranthus mangostanus in a greenhouse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllocation of limited nutrients, such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), among plant organs reflects the influences of evolutionary and ecological processes on functional traits of plants, and thus is related to functional groups and environmental conditions. In this study, we tested this hypothesis by exploring the stoichiometric scaling of N and P concentrations between twig stems and leaves of 335 woody species from 12 forest sites across eastern China. Scaling exponents of twig stem N (or P) to leaf N (or P) varied among functional groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrient resorption from senescing leaves is a key mechanism of nutrient conservation for plants. The nutrient resorption efficiency is highly dependent on leaf nutrient status, species identity and soil nutrient availability. Nitrogen is a limiting nutrient in most ecosystems, it is widely reported that nitrogen resorption efficiency (NRE) was highly dependent on the soil nitrogen availability and vary with N deposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere have been a number of studies on biogeographic patterns of plant leaf functional traits; however, the variations in traits of other plant organs such as twigs are rarely investigated. In this study, we sampled current-year twigs of 335 tree species from 12 forest sites across a latitudinal span of 32 degrees in China, and measured twig specific density (TSD), twig dry matter content (TDMC), and carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) contents, to explore the latitudinal and environmental patterns of these twig traits. The overall mean of TSD and TDMC was 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMost previous studies have ascribed variations in the resorption of a certain plant nutrient to its corresponding environmental availability or level in tissues, regardless of the other nutrients' status. However, given that plant growth relies on both sufficient and balanced nutrient supply, the nutrient resorption process should not only be related to the absolute nutrient status, but also be regulated by the relative limitation of the nutrient. Here, based on a global woody-plants dataset from literature, we test the hypothesis that plants resorb proportionately more nitrogen (or phosphorus) when they are nitrogen (or phosphorus) limited, or similar proportions of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) when co-limited by both nutrients (the relative resorption hypothesis).
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