Substrate-specific responses to mixing conditions in high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis: Insights from microcrystalline cellulose and dilute-acid pretreated corncob.

This study investigates the mixing effects on the enzymatic hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and dilute-acid pretreated corncob substrates under high-solid conditions. Enzymatic hydrolysis experiments were conducted to assess cellulose conversion rates under varying mixing conditions (0, 50, 150, and 250 rpm) and solids loadings (5 %, 15 %, 25 %, and 35 %, w/v), and distinct physicochemical properties of the substrates were characterized. Additionally, the role of mixing conditions and solid loadings on cellulose hydrolysis kinetics and enzyme adsorption on both substrates and lignin were elucidated.

The potential of melatonin and its crosstalk with other hormones in the fight against stress.

Climate change not only leads to high temperatures, droughts, floods, storms and declining soil quality, but it also affects the spread and mutation of pests and diseases, which directly influences plant growth and constitutes a new challenge to food security. Numerous hormones like auxin, ethylene and melatonin, regulate plant growth and development as well as their resistance to environmental stresses. To mitigate the impact of diverse biotic and abiotic stressors on crops, single or multiple phytohormones in combination have been applied.

A new species of Sphaeronemoura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Guizhou, China with a revised key to males of this genus.

A new species of the genus Sphaeronemoura, S. fanjingshana Zhu & Du, sp. nov.

Sampling of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced Rat's Retina Damage and Multi-index Evaluation of Pathological Changes.

Retinopathy can be observed in most ocular diseases and the late complications of diabetes mellitus. The specific pigment epithelial cells and optic cells' damage and degeneration are the main features of retinopathy. Many traditional medicines have shown substantial clinical efficacy in treating retinopathy.

Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of ischemic stroke by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe cerebrovascular disease with increasing incidence and mortality rates in recent years. The pathogenesis of IS is highly complex, with mitochondrial dysfunction playing a critical role in its onset and progression. Thus, preserving mitochondrial function is a pivotal aspect of treating ischemic brain injury.

Synthesis of Nonclassical Heteroaryl C-Glycosides via Decarboxylative C-H Glycosylation.

A photoredox-promoted decarboxylative C-H glycosylation for the synthesis of nonclassical heteroaryl C-glycosides is reported. This methodology is characterized by an exceedingly simple reaction system, high diastereoselectivity, and good functional group tolerance. Moreover, the operational procedure is simple, and the gram-scale reaction highlights the practical applicability of this protocol.

Research progress of circular RNAs in myocardial ischemia.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of single-stranded RNA that forms a covalently closed continuous loop. Its structure, stability, properties, and cell- and tissue-specificity have gained considerable recognition in the research and clinical sectors, as its role has been observed in different diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and central nervous system diseases, etc. Cardiovascular disease is still named as the number one cause of death globally, with myocardial ischemia (MI) accounting for 15 % of mortality annually.

Mining bone metastasis related key genes of prostate cancer from the STING pathway based on machine learning.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent malignant tumor in male, and bone metastasis occurs in about 70% of patients with advanced disease. The STING pathway, an innate immune signaling mechanism, has been shown to play a key role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and cancerous bone pain. Hence, exploring regulatory mechanism of STING in PCa bone metastasis will bring novel opportunities for treating PCa bone metastasis.

Two new species of Latreille and a new combination of Ris (Plecoptera, Nemouridae) from the Nanling Mountains Region of China.

Background: The family Nemouridae, belonging to Plecoptera, comprises 21 genera and over 700 species found globally, with the greatest diversity observed in temperate regions. Latreille, 1796 and Ris, 1902 are two largest genera of the family with the highest diversity in China.

New Information: Two new species of Latreille, 1796 of the family Nemouridae, Zhu, Rehman & Du sp.

Visible-light-induced synthesis of heteroaryl -glycosides decarboxylative C-H glycosylation.

A photoredox promoted decarboxylative C-H glycosylation has been developed for the synthesis of heteroaryl -glycosides. This methodology is characterized by its exceedingly simple reaction system, high diastereoselectivity and good functional group tolerance. Moreover, this innovative approach circumvents the need for high temperatures, transition metals, and photocatalysts, providing an environmentally friendly, straightforward, and efficient protocol.

DeepNphos: A deep-learning architecture for prediction of N-phosphorylation sites.

Motivation: Phosphorylation, a prevalent post-translational modification, plays a crucial role in regulating cellular activities. This process encompasses O-phosphorylation (e.g.

The influence of HO or/and O introduction during the low-temperature gas-phase sulfation of organic COS + CS on the conversion and deposition of sulfur-containing species in the sulfated CeO-OS catalyst for NH-SCR.

Herein, the typical components of blast furnace gas, including HO and O, were introduced to improve the NH-SCR activity of the sulfated CeO-OS catalyst during the gas-phase sulfation of organic COS + CS at 50 °C. The characterization results demonstrate that the introduction of O or HO during gas-phase sulfation enhances the conversion of organic COS + CS on a cubic fluorite CeO surface and reduces the formation of sulfur and sulfates in the catalyst, but decreases the BET surface area and pore volume of the sulfated CeO-OS catalyst. However, the introduction of O or HO during the gas-phase sulfation increases the molar ratios of Ce/(Ce + Ce) and O/(O + O + O) on the sulfated CeO-OS catalyst surface, thus promoting the formation of surface oxygen vacancies and chemisorbed oxygen, and these properties of the catalyst are further enhanced by the co-existence of O and HO.

DNA methylation of ICAM4 and NOXO1 participate in the formation of uterine fibroids via regulating immune cell infiltration.

This atudy aimed to reveal the effect of DNA methylation on immune infiltration of uterine fibroids (UFs) and to further classify UFs based on transcriptomic characteristics. The transcriptome and DNA methylation data of UFs were collected from the GEO database. After taking the intersection of the differentially expressed genes in these two types of data, the intersection gene was used to draw ROC curves and to filtrate the candidate genes with AUC≥0.

Periventricular nodular heterotopias is associated with mutation at the FLNA locus-a case history and a literature review.

Background: Periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH), associated with FLNA mutations, is a rare clinical condition potentially associated with multiple systemic conditions, including cardiac, pulmonary, skeletal, and cutaneous diseases. However, due to a paucity of information in the literature, accurate prognostic advice cannot be provided to patients with the disease.

Case Presentation: We report a 2-year-old female whose PNH was associated with a nonsense mutation in the q28 region of the X chromosome, in exon 31 of FLNA (c.

Observation of the Systolic Function of Isolated Right Atria from Guinea Pigs.

Common chronic heart failure (CHF) is characterized by impaired ventricular filling and/or ejection function, which leads to insatiable cardiac output and increased incidence. The decline in cardiac systolic function is a key factor in the pathogenesis of CHF. Systolic function is simply the filling of oxygenated blood in the left ventricle, followed by the blood being pumped throughout the body during a heartbeat.

Case report: Myocardial noncompaction causing massive cerebral infarction in 1 patient with eyelid edema as an early manifestation and literature review.

Objective: To summarize and analyze the early clinical manifestations, risk factors, treatment and prognosis of myocardial noncompaction in children, and to provide scientific basis for early and effective intervention.

Methods: Combined with a case of myocardial noncompaction with massive cerebral infarction in a child, the related research reports of myocardial noncompaction in children were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: Myocardial noncompaction in children is cardiomyopathy caused by abnormal myocardial compaction during embryonic development.

Kinetic modeling of xylonic acid production by Gluconobacter oxydans: effects of hydrodynamic conditions.

In this study, the synthesis of xylonic acid from xylose by Gluconobacter oxydans NL71 has been investigated. According to the relationship between oxygen transfer rate and oxygen uptake rate, three different kinetic models of product formation were established and the nonlinear fitting was carried out. The results showed that G.

Study of the Impact of Air Pollution on Convulsions in Children: A Hospital-Based Retrospective Study in Hangzhou, China.

Background: To investigate the relationship between the occurrence of convulsions in children and air pollution in Hangzhou.

Methods: From January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, 775 children admitted with convulsion to the pediatric outpatient clinic of The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University (Hangzhou, China) were enrolled in this study. The clinical data and the corresponding weather data of the day in Hangzhou were collected and analyzed.

[Accumulation, Migration, and Transformation of Soil Phosphorus in Facility Agriculture and Its Influencing Factors].

The aim of this study was to apply phosphorus fertilizer scientifically and reasonably and reduce the pollution risk to the facility agricultural environment. Taking the facility agriculture concentration area in Daxing District of Beijing as the research object, the phosphorus content in soil (0-100 cm) of the facility agriculture profile with different planting years was measured and analyzed to explore the characteristics of phosphorus accumulation, migration, and transformation. The results showed that the contents of total phosphorus and available phosphorus in the surface soil of facility agriculture varied widely, which was significantly higher than that in the surrounding grain field soil, which was mainly related to the amount of phosphorus applied by farmers in different planting years.

Expression and significance of serum vitamin D and LL-37 levels in infants with bacterial pneumonia.

Objective: To investigate the significance of vitamin D and human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in the occurrence and development of bacterial pneumonia in infants.

Methods: From January 2021 to January 2022, 80 infants with bacterial pneumonia were selected, including 33 cases of gram-positive bacterial infection (GP) and 47 cases of gram-negative bacterial infection (GN). During the same period, 40 infants who underwent health examination in The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University served as the healthy control group.

Oxygen mass transfer enhancement by activated carbon particles in xylose fermentation media.

In this work, the effect of activated carbon particles on the production of xylonic acid from xylose by Gluconobacter oxydans in a stirred tank bioreactor was investigated. The enhancement of the oxygen transfer coefficient by activated carbon particles was experimentally evaluated under different solids volume fractions, agitation and aeration rates conditions. The experimental conditions optimized by response surface methodology (agitation speed 800 rpm, aeration rate 7 L min, and activated carbon 0.

A combined antibody and DNA assay for EBV infection in children.

Objective: This paper studied the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection status and influencing factors among children using a combined detection of specific antibodies and DNA.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed children who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from January 2019 to December 2020, and correlations between the social environment and clinical data were analyzed.

Results: The cumulative positive rates of specific antibody, DNA, and combined detection of EBV were 52.

ResSUMO: A Deep Learning Architecture Based on Residual Structure for Prediction of Lysine SUMOylation Sites.

Lysine SUMOylation plays an essential role in various biological functions. Several approaches integrating various algorithms have been developed for predicting SUMOylation sites based on a limited dataset. Recently, the number of identified SUMOylation sites has significantly increased due to investigation at the proteomics scale.

Effects of cubic ecological restoration of mining wasteland and the preferred restoration scheme.

In view of the strong acidity and high heavy metal contents of the soil, the low vegetation cover, and strong soil erosion caused by mining activities, the reasonable determination of the cubic restoration mode is the key to determining the good or bad ecological restoration effects on mining wasteland. In this study, based on field experiments, a combined cubic ecological restoration scheme for soil improvement-vegetation reconstruction was constructed. Using analysis of variance, a regression model, and the Mantel test, the differences in soil properties and the biodiversity were analyzed under different restoration schemes, the entropy-weighted-TOPSIS method was used to optimize the best ecological restoration model.

Intrapleural injection of urokinase in the treatment of acute empyema in children: A case report and literature review.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical data of a child with acute empyema caused by , and to investigate the diagnosis and treatment of this disease through literature review to improve the clinical understanding of this kind of disease.

Methods: A 6-year-old female with acute empyema was treated at the Department of Pediatrics of The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China. The pleural puncture fluid turned out to be yellow turbid pus, and the pleural effusion was diagnosed as empyema according to the classification of pleural effusions.