The Functional Role and Prognostic Significance of TIM-3 Expression on NK Cells in the Diagnostic Bone Marrows in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Compared to other immune checkpoint molecules, T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) is highly expressed on natural killer (NK) cells, but its functional role and prognostic significance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the role of TIM-3 expression on the cytotoxic and killing capacity of NK cells and its prognostic significance in AML. AML public single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data were used to analyze the correlation of transcript levels between (encoding TIM-3) and cytotoxic molecules in NK cells.

The Functional and Prognostic Impact of TIGIT Expression on Bone Marrow NK Cells in Core Binding Factor-Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients at Diagnosis.

: The effect of the expression of the newly identified immune checkpoint, T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif domain (TIGIT) on NK cells in core binding factor-acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML) remains to be investigated. : Fresh bone marrow samples from a total of 39 newly diagnosed CBF-AML patients and 25 healthy donors (HDs) were collected for testing the phenotype and function state of total NK, CD56, and CD56 NK cell subsets after in vitro stimulation. : The frequencies of TIGIT cells in total NK, CD56, and CD56 NK cell subsets had no significant difference between patients and HDs.

Cytology or Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Positivity in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Before Transplantation is Predictive of Poor Outcomes After Allotransplantation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients.

Introduction: Central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) remains a serious complication in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and an ambiguous prognostic factor for those receiving allo-geneic hematopoiesis stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). It is unknown whether using more sensitive tools, such as multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC), to detect blasts in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) would have an impact on outcome.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcomes of 1472 AML patients with or without cytology or MFC positivity in the CSF before transplantation.

Prognostic significance of the frequencies of bone marrow lymphocyte subsets in adult acute myeloid leukemia at diagnosis.

Introduction: Immune microenvironment plays an important role in the occurrence and development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Studies assessing the prognostic significance of bone marrow (BM) lymphocyte subsets' frequencies at diagnosis in patients with AML were limited.

Methods: Fresh BM samples collected from 97 adult AML patients at diagnosis were tested for lymphocyte, T, CD4 T, CD8 T, γδT, NK, and B cell frequencies using multi-parameter flow cytometry.

Immunophenotypic characteristics of ZNF384 rearrangement compared with BCR-ABL1, KMT2A rearrangement, and other adult B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: ZNF384 rearrangement has been recently identified as a new subtype of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). However, comprehensive studies clarifying immunophenotypic features and discriminating them from non-ZNF384 in adult BCP-ALL remain scarce to date.

Methods: Flow cytometric assessments were retrospectively performed in 43 patients with ZNF384 rearrangement, 45 with BCR-ABL1, 29 with KMT2A rearrangement and 44 with other BCP-ALL in the analysis cohort.

Prophylactic NAC promoted hematopoietic reconstitution by improving endothelial cells after haploidentical HSCT: a phase 3, open-label randomized trial.

Background: Poor graft function (PGF) or prolonged isolated thrombocytopenia (PT), which are characterized by pancytopenia or thrombocytopenia, have become serious complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Our previous single-arm trial suggests that N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) prophylaxis reduced PGF or PT after allo-HSCT. Therefore, an open-label, randomized, phase 3 trial was performed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of NAC prophylaxis to reduce PGF or PT after allo-HSCT.

Prognostic significance of TIM-3 expression pattern at diagnosis in patients with t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) is a heterogeneous disease and needs to be stratified. Both, cancer cells and immune cells participate in tumor initiation, growth and progression and might affect clinical outcomes. TIM-3 (T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3), an immune checkpoint molecule, is expressed not only on immune cells but also on leukemic stem cells (LSCs) in AML.

Improved function and balance in T cell modulation by endothelial cells in young people.

Elderly individuals exhibit unbalanced bone marrow (BM) effector T cell subset differentiation, such as increased T helper type 1 (Th1) and T cytotoxic type 1 (Tc1) cell frequencies, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Endothelial cells (ECs), which are instructive components of the BM microenvironment, exhibit the phenotype of semi-professional antigen-presenting cells and regulate T cell recruitment and activation. Thus, we compared the frequency and function of BM ECs, especially their capacity to regulate effector T cell subsets, between young and elderly healthy individuals, and explored the underlying mechanism of this immunomodulatory discrepancy.

Predictive Value of Dynamic Peri-Transplantation MRD Assessed By MFC Either Alone or in Combination with Other Variables for Outcomes of Patients with T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

We performed a retrospective analysis to investigate dynamic peri-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) on outcomes in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). A total of 271 patients were enrolled and classified into three groups: unchanged negative MRD pre- and post-HSCT group (group A), post-MRD non-increase group (group B), and post-MRD increase group (group C). The patients in group B and group C experienced a higher cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) (42% vs.

[The Predict Significance of ALDH Activity to the Relapse of t(8;21) Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients at Complete Remission].

Objective: To investigate the predict significance of the high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDH) propitiation to the relapse of t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia(AML) patients before and after treatment.

Methods: Bone marrow samples of 23 t(8;21) AML patients diagnosis and achieved complete remission in our hospital from April 2015 to June 2016 were collected, then flow cytometry method was used to detect the activity of ALDH, relationship between it and relapse was analyzed.

Results: All the patients were followed up for a median of 32 (2-52) months.

Both Methylation and Copy Number Variation Participated in the Varied Expression of PRAME in Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: The cancer-testis antigen, which is a preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME), is an ideal target for immunotherapy and cancer vaccines. Since the expression of this antigen is relevant to therapy responses, the heterogeneity in its expression and the underlying mechanism need to be investigated.

Patients And Methods: Plasma cell sorting was performed in 48 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients.

Overexpressed WT1 exhibits a specific immunophenotype in intermediate and poor cytogenetic risk acute myeloid leukemia.

Many studies have confirmed that overexpressed WT1 exists in leukemic cells, especially in AML. However, the immunophenotypic features of this sort of leukemic cells remain to be unclarified. We retrospectively analyzed the immunophenotype of 283 newly diagnosed AML patients with intermediated and poor cytogenetic risk to evaluate the correlation between phenotype and WT1 overexpression.

Minimal residual disease status determined by multiparametric flow cytometry pretransplantation predicts the outcome of patients with ALL receiving unmanipulated haploidentical allografts.

This study evaluated the effects of pretransplantation minimal residual disease (pre-MRD) on outcomes of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who underwent unmanipulated haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT). A retrospective study including 543 patients with ALL was performed. MRD was determined using multiparametric flow cytometry.

Synergistic antitumoral efficacy of a novel replicative adenovirus SG611-PDCD5 and daunorubicin in human leukemic cells.

Background: Daunorubicin is a traditional chemotherapeutic agent that plays a pivotal role in leukemia therapy. However, the dose-related toxicity remains a considerable challenge. The apoptosis-regulating gene, , is downregulated in various tumors, including leukemias, and may provide a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of leukemia.

A seven-color panel including CD34 and TdT could be applied in >97% patients with T cell lymphoblastic leukemia for minimal residual disease detection independent of the initial phenotype.

A seven-color panel was used to detect minimal residual disease (MRD) in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) via flow cytometry (FCM). Its availability and clinical significance were studied in T-ALL patients with newly diagnosed (n = 64), relapsed (n = 48) and morphologically complete remission (n = 103). The following four features were used to identify immature cCD3+ T cells: CD34+, TdT+, but mCD3-/dim+, and CD45dim+.

[In Vitro Identification and Characteristics of CD34 Leukemia Stem Cell in t(8;21) Acute Myeloid Leukemia].

Objective: To preliminarily identify the existence of CD34 leukemia stem cell (LSC) in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by in vitro test.

Methods: Bone marrow samples collected from newly diagnosed t(8;21) AML patients were tested. LinCD34 CD38(abbreviation, CD34CD38), LinCD34CD38 (abbreviation, CD34CD38) and LinCD34CD38CD45SSC(abbreviation, CD34"LSC") cell fractions were gated by flow cytometry after staining with fluorescent antibodies.

PRAME Gene Copy Number Variation Is Related to Its Expression in Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) patients commonly present abnormal expression of cancer-testis antigens, which may serve as immunotherapeutic targets and prognostic factors. We previously reported that preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) overexpression in bone marrow mononuclear cells is related to progression in MM patients treated with non-bortezomib-containing regimens. The mechanism underlying variations in PRAME expression remains unknown.