Publications by authors named "Ya-xian Wu"
Article Synopsis
- Researchers want to find a better blood test to help catch a type of throat cancer called oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma earlier, since current tests are not good enough.
- They created a new tool called SENSORS that can detect important proteins in the blood that can indicate cancer, and they tested it against other methods to see if it's better.
- In their study, they looked at blood samples from people with cancer and healthy individuals to see how well SENSORS could tell the difference and predict who might have the cancer.
Article Synopsis
- Hyperproliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to changes in blood vessel structure in hypertension, and this study explores the role of BACH1 and microRNAs in this process.
- Researchers found that miR-196a-5p negatively influences VSMC growth by targeting BACH1, with experiments showing that increasing miR-196a-5p reduces VSMC proliferation and oxidative stress.
- The study suggests that lowering BACH1 through miR-196a-5p could be an effective approach to slowing down the harmful effects of VSMC growth in hypertensive conditions.
Article Synopsis
- Maternal prenatal hypoxia (not enough oxygen during pregnancy) can cause unborn babies to grow less and develop lung problems later.
- The study suggests that a protein called Nrf2 helps protect against a process called pyroptosis, which can cause lung issues when Nrf2 is missing.
- Results showed that when Nrf2 is absent, it leads to more lung damage and growth problems in baby mice born to moms with low oxygen during pregnancy, highlighting Nrf2 as a possible target for treatments.
Background: The transcriptional repressor B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) has been reported to inhibit inflammation. So far, experimental evidence for the role of BCL6 in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is lacking. Our study investigated the roles of BCL6 in the progression of BPD and its downstream mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel model for predicting prognosis and response to immunotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.
Cancer Immunol Immunother
January 2024
Blood-based biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) response in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are lacking, so it is necessary to identify biomarkers to select NPC patients who will benefit most or least from ICIs. The absolute values of lymphocyte subpopulations, biochemical indexes, and blood routine tests were determined before ICIs-based treatments in the training cohort (n = 130). Then, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) Cox regression analysis was developed to construct a prediction model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study investigates the connection between the Nrf2/PHB2 pathway and sepsis-associated acute lung injury (SA-ALI), highlighting reduced Nrf2 levels in patients and its impact on inflammation and mitochondrial function.
- - A mouse model and cell-based experiments demonstrated that downregulation of Nrf2 worsened ALI, while Nrf2 overexpression improved mitochondrial health and reduced oxidative stress.
- - The research concludes that Nrf2 is crucial for alleviating SA-ALI by directly influencing PHB2 transcription, thereby maintaining mitochondrial function in lung cells.
Article Synopsis
- - Researchers focused on finding a biomarker to better identify which nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients would respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors, specifically selecting serum interleukin-15 (sIL-15) due to its potential predictive value.
- - They developed a highly sensitive detection method for sIL-15 using a combination of advanced techniques, achieving results that were 153 times more sensitive than conventional methods like ELISA.
- - In clinical tests with NPC patient samples, the new method accurately predicted patient responses and showed that lower sIL-15 levels were linked to worse survival outcomes, suggesting it could guide personalized treatments for NPC.
The malfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is an initiating factor in the pathogenesis of pathological vascular remodeling, including hypertension-related vascular lesions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of VSMC proliferation and migration in numerous cases of cardiovascular remodeling. The evidence for the regulatory role of miR-155-5p in the development of the cardiovascular system has been emerging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and refractory interstitial lung disease with limited therapeutic options. 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), a cell-permeable derivative of itaconate, has been shown to have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect and the underlying mechanism of 4-OI on PF are still unknown.
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- Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) leads to low birth weight and increases the risk of future metabolic and cardiovascular issues, which the study aimed to address using maternal propionate supplementation.
- The research demonstrated that giving propionate to mothers positively affected the birth weight of male IUGR offspring and improved their metabolic outcomes, including reduced serum lipid content and better liver function.
- Analysis of liver gene expressions revealed that propionate treatment lowered the expression of genes related to glucose and lipid metabolism and affected key signaling pathways, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for IUGR.
Dehydrocostus lactone (DHL), a natural sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the traditional Chinese herbs and L., has important anti-inflammatory properties used for treating colitis, fibrosis, and Gram-negative bacteria-induced acute lung injury (ALI). However, the effects of DHL on Gram-positive bacteria-induced macrophage activation and ALI remains unclear.
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- Ethyl ferulate (EF) is a natural compound found in certain plants and cereals, known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
- This study shows that EF significantly protects against acute lung injury (ALI) caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by reducing inflammation markers and neutrophil infiltration.
- The protective effects of EF are linked to the activation of the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway, as blocking either AMPK or Nrf2 negated EF's benefits, indicating its potential as a new therapy for LPS-induced ALI.
Article Synopsis
- - The study explores how sodium propionate (SP), a short-chain fatty acid, can counteract bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) caused by inflammation and oxidative stress, particularly looking at its effects on neonatal mice and pulmonary cells.
- - SP treatment led to increased Nrf2 expression and decreased inflammation and oxidative stress in LPS-induced BPD models, enhancing cell viability and angiogenesis in lung cells.
- - The protective effects of SP were shown to be dependent on the Nrf2 pathway, as inhibiting Nrf2 negated the benefits of SP, suggesting its crucial role in combating BPD-related changes.
Salvinorin A (SA), a neoclerodane diterpene, is isolated from the dried leaves ofSalvia divinorum. SA has traditionally been used treatments for chronic pain diseases. Recent research has demonstrated that SA possesses the anti-inflammatory property.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSophoricoside (SOP), an isoflavone glycoside isolated from seed of Sophora japonica L., has been reported to have various pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-allergy and anti-inflammation. However, the effect of SOP on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-acute lung injury (ALI) is completely unclear.
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- Ferroptosis is a type of cell death linked to oxidative stress, and is important in conditions like acute lung injury (ALI) caused by seawater drowning.
- Researchers tested the role of Nrf2, a protein that can suppress ferroptosis, using various methods, including activating or inhibiting Nrf2 in cells and animal models.
- Results showed that activating Nrf2 improved cell survival and reduced harmful ROS levels, while deactivating it worsened lung injury, suggesting that Nrf2 is a potential target for treating ALI from seawater drowning.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially propionate, originate from the fermentation of dietary fiber in the gut and play a key role in inhibiting pulmonary inflammation. Chronic inflammation may induce an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in alveolar epithelial cells and result in fibrotic disorders. This study was designed to investigate the beneficial effect of sodium propionate (SP) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced EMT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Effects of curcumin on liver fibrosis induced by cholestasis in mice].
Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi
September 2019
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate how curcumin protects against liver cholestasis caused by bile duct ligation (BDL) in mice, potentially offering new treatment strategies for liver fibrosis.
- Forty-two adult male mice were divided into several groups to receive different treatments, including curcumin injections, and their liver functions and health were monitored over 14 days.
- Results showed that curcumin significantly reduced liver damage and inflammation, indicated by lower levels of liver enzymes and collagen deposition, while increasing the expression of a protective protein (HO-1) in the liver compared to the untreated BDL group.
Background: Hypoxia is commonly existed in tumors and lead to cancer cell chemo/radio-resistance. It is well-recognized that tumor hypoxia is a major challenge for the treatment of various solid tumors. Hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-galactoside, Hy) possesses antioxidant effects and has been reported to protect against hypoxia/reoxygenation induced injury in cardiomyocytes.
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- A study evaluated the effects of systematic nutrition management (SNM) on patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) undergoing radiotherapy, comparing those who received SNM with a control group that did not.
- Results showed that the SNM group had better nutritional outcomes, with a lower percentage of malnourished patients and improved nutritional indexes, as well as less severe oral side effects during treatment.
- Although there were improvements in quality of life for the SNM group, the overall survival and progression-free survival rates were similar between both groups after a follow-up period of almost 25 months.
Article Synopsis
- Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is important for protecting against acute lung injury (ALI) caused by seawater aspiration due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic functions.
- Seawater exposure in A549 lung cells led to decreased survival, increased inflammation, and mitochondrial damage, while HO-1 enhancement with heme or biliverdin improved cell conditions and promoted proliferation.
- The study demonstrated that inhibiting HO-1 using Zinc protoporphyrin reversed the protective benefits, highlighting its critical role in mitigating seawater-induced lung injury.
Isoalantolactone (IAL) is a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from roots of Inula helenium L and has shown anti-inflammatory effects. In this study we investigated the therapeutic effects of IAL on acute lung injury (ALI) and elucidated the mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammation potential in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng/mL) drastically stimulated production of inflammatory mediators such as NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), which was dose-dependently suppressed by pretreatment with IAL (2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlternatively activated macrophages (AAMs) are not only associated with asthma but also lead to asthmatic airway inflammation and remodeling. Inhibition of AAMs is an alternative therapeutic strategy for treating asthma. In this study we investigated whether emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone), isolated from the rhizome of Rheum palmatum, alleviated asthmatic airway inflammation and reduced AAM polarization in a murine asthma model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtostemonine effectively attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice.
Acta Pharmacol Sin
January 2018
Protostemonine (PSN) is the main anti-inflammatory alkaloid extracted from the roots of Stemona sessilifolia (known as "Baibu" in traditional Chinese medicine). Here, we reported the inhibitory effects of PSN on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage activation in vitro and LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Macrophage cell line RAW264.
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