Clinico-sero-pathological characteristics of anti-Ha antisynthetase syndrome.

To define the clinical, serological, and muscle histopathological characteristics, as well as treatment outcomes, of patients with anti-Ha antibody. We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical, serological, and pathological data and long-term treatment outcomes of anti-Ha patients between January 2005 and July 2023 at our center. Anti-Ha antibody was identified by immunoblot and reconfirmed by immunoprecipitation.

Isoliquiritigenin alleviates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by modulating inflammatory and neuroprotective reactive astrocytes.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that poses significant treatment challenges. Currently, it is believed that inflammatory and neuroprotective reactive astrocytes, along with other resident CNS cells and immune cells, contribute to the pathophysiology of MS. In our study, we found that isoliquiritigenin (ILG), a bioactive chalcone compound, significantly reduces the clinical scores of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by 44 % (P < 0.

IHH, SHH, and primary cilia mediate epithelial-stromal cross-talk during decidualization in mice.

The establishment of pregnancy depends on interactions between the epithelial and stromal cells of the endometrium that drive the decidual reaction that remodels the stroma and enables embryo implantation. Decidualization in mice also depends on ovarian hormones and the presence of a blastocyst. Hedgehog signaling is transduced by primary cilia in many tissues and is involved in epithelial-stromal cross-talk during decidualization.

Primary Cilia Restrain PI3K-AKT Signaling to Orchestrate Human Decidualization.

Endometrial decidualization plays a pivotal role during early pregnancy. Compromised decidualization has been tightly associated with recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Primary cilium is an antenna-like sensory organelle and acts as a signaling nexus to mediate Hh, Wnt, TGFβ, BMP, FGF, and Notch signaling.

Association of Concurrent Olfactory Dysfunction and Probable Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder with Early Parkinson's Disease Progression.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD), with either rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) or olfactory dysfunction (OD), has been associated with disease progression. However, there is currently heterogeneity in predicting prognosis.

Objectives: To identify whether the concurrent presence of OD and probable RBD (pRBD) in PD (Dual hit in PD, PD-DH) is associated with disease progression.

Different patterns of exosomal α-synuclein between Parkinson's disease and probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.

Background And Purpose: The insidious onset of Parkinson's disease (PD) makes early diagnosis difficult. Notably, idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) was reported as a prodrome of PD, which may represent a breakthrough for the early diagnosis of PD. However, currently there is no reliable biomarker for PD diagnosis.

Engineered extracellular vesicles encapsulated Bryostatin-1 as therapy for neuroinflammation.

Targeted and effective drug delivery to central nervous system (CNS) lesions is a major challenge in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have great promise as a drug delivery nanosystem given their unique characteristics, including a strong cargo-loading capacity, low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility, inherent stability, high delivery efficiency, ease of manipulation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. Clinical applications are, however, limited by their insufficient targeting capability and "dilution effects" upon systemic administration.

Concurrent tuberculous transverse myelitis and asymptomatic neurosyphilis: A case report.

Background: Tuberculous myelitis is a rare manifestation of tuberculosis (TB) that is usually caused by hematogenous spread of (MTB). Neurosyphilis is a neurological disease that occurs when invades the brain or the spinal cord. Individually, these two diseases involving the spinal cord are rare and cases of concurrent tuberculous transverse myelitis and asymptomatic neurosyphilis have seldom been reported.

Associations of Body Mass Index-Metabolic Phenotypes with Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Growing evidence suggests important effects of body mass index (BMI) and metabolic status on neurodegenerative diseases. However, the roles of BMI and metabolic status on cognitive outcomes in Parkinson's disease (PD) may vary and are yet to be determined.

Methods: In total, 139 PD patients from the whole PD cohort in Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative database underwent complete laboratory measurements, demographic and anthropometric parameters at baseline, and were enrolled in this study.

Apolipoprotein E Genotype Contributes to Motor Progression in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Emerging evidence indicates that the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 exacerbates α-synuclein pathology.

Objective: To determine whether APOE ε4 contributes to motor progression in early Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Longitudinal data were obtained from 384 patients with PD divided into APOE ε4 carriers (n = 85) and noncarriers (n = 299) in the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative.

Study of the collagen type VI alpha 3 (COL6A3) gene in Parkinson's disease.

Background: To date, the genetic contribution to Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unclear. Mutations in the collagen type VI alpha 3 (COL6A3) gene were recently identified as a cause of isolated dystonia. Since PD and dystonia are closely related disorders with shared clinical and genetic characteristics, we explored the association between COL6A3 and PD in a Chinese cohort.

Parkinson's Disease in Teneurin Transmembrane Protein 4 () Mutation Carriers.

Introduction: Mutations in the teneurin transmembrane protein 4 () gene, known to be involved in neuropsychiatric disorders, have been identified in three pedigree of essential tremor (ET) from Spain. ET has overlapping clinical manifestations and epidemiological symptoms with Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting these two disorders may reflect common genetic risk factors. In this study, we investigated clinical and genetic manifestations in four unrelated pedigrees with both ET and PD in which variants were identified.

Different Perivascular Space Burdens in Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder and Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Excessive aggregation of α-synuclein is the key pathophysiological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is also associated with synucleinopathies and considered as a powerful predictor of PD. Growing evidence suggests the diminished clearance of α-synuclein may be partly attributable to poor interstitial fluid drainage, which can be reflected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-visible enlarged perivascular space (EPVS).

MRI-visible perivascular spaces are associated with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in Parkinson's disease.

Perivascular spaces in the brain have been known to communicate with cerebrospinal fluid and contribute to waste clearance in animal models. In this study, we sought to determine the association between MRI-visible enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) and disease markers in Parkinson's disease (PD). We obtained longitudinal data from 245 patients with PD and 98 healthy controls from the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative.

From inflammasome to Parkinson's disease: Does the NLRP3 inflammasome facilitate exosome secretion and exosomal alpha-synuclein transmission in Parkinson's disease?

A pivotal neuropathological manifestation of synucleinopathies, like Parkinson's disease (PD), is the aggregation of α-synuclein. In a recent cell-to-cell transmission model of α-synuclein, α-synuclein propagation was demonstrated to resemble that of prion proteins in the central nervous system. Furthermore, exosomes, as biomolecule carriers, have been shown to transmit α-synuclein from neuron to neuron.

Blastocyst-induced ATP release from luminal epithelial cells initiates decidualization through the P2Y2 receptor in mice.

Embryo implantation involves a sterile inflammatory reaction that is required for the invasion of the blastocyst into the decidua. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from stressed or injured cells acts as an important signaling molecule to regulate many key physiological events, including sterile inflammation. We found that the amount of ATP in the uterine luminal fluid of mice increased during the peri-implantation period, and this depended on the presence of an embryo.

Aldosterone from endometrial glands is benefit for human decidualization.

Local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in female reproductive system is involved in many physiological and pathological processes, such as follicular development, ovarian angiogenesis, ovarian, and endometrial cancer progress. However, studies on the functional relevance of RAS in human endometrium are limited, especially for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). In this study, we defined the location of RAS components in human endometrium.

Analysis of rare variants of autosomal-dominant genes in a Chinese population with sporadic Parkinson's disease.

Background: To date, several studies have suggested that genes involved in monogenic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) contribute to unrelated sporadic cases, but there is limited evidence in the Chinese population.

Methods: We performed a systematic analysis of 12 autosomal-dominant PD (AD-PD) genes (SNCA, LRRK2, GIGYF2, VPS35, EIF4G1, DNAJC13, CHCHD2, HTRA2, NR4A2, RIC3, TMEM230, and UCHL1) using panel sequencing and database filtration in a case-control study of a cohort of 391 Chinese sporadic PD patients and unrelated controls. We evaluated the association between candidate variants and sporadic PD using gene-based analysis.

Tanshinone IIA alleviates brain damage in a mouse model of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder by inducing neutrophil apoptosis.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), an autoimmune astrocytopathic disease associated with the anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody, is characterized by extensive necrotic lesions primarily located on the optic nerves and spinal cord. Tanshinone IIA (TSA), an active natural compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has profound immunosuppressive effects on neutrophils.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of TSA on NMOSD mice and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Systematic analysis of SmWD40s, and responding of SmWD40-170 to drought stress by regulation of ABA- and HO-induced stomal movement in Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge.

WD40 proteins play crucial roles in response to abiotic stress. By screening the genome sequences of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, 225 SmWD40 genes were identified and divided into 9 subfamilies (I-IX). Physiological, biochemical, gene structure, conserved protein motif and GO annotation analyses were performed on SmWD40 family members.

Genetic testing of FUS, HTRA2, and TENM4 genes in Chinese patients with essential tremor.

Introduction: Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most prevalent movement disorders. The genetic etiology of ET has not been well defined although a significant proportion (≥50%) are familial cases. Linkage analysis and genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified several risk variants.

Tanshinone IIA Ameliorates CNS Autoimmunity by Promoting the Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells.

Tanshinone IIA (TSA), an important natural lipophilic diterpene compound from the traditional Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has long been widely used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases because of its anti-inflammatory activities; however, the anti-inflammatory mechanism remains unknown. In the present work, we examined the effects of TSA on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of autoreactive T/B cell-mediated central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity. The data showed that TSA significantly attenuates the severity of EAE when administered at the pre-onset and peak of clinical disease.