provides protection during scavenging in carrion crow ( ).

The gut microbiota significantly influences host physiology and provides essential ecosystem services. While diet can affect the composition of the gut microbiota, the gut microbiota can also help the host adapt to specific dietary habits. The carrion crow ( ), an urban facultative scavenger bird, hosts an abundance of pathogens due to its scavenging behavior.

Increased Expression of LIPC Is Associated with Aggressive Phenotype of Borrmann Type 4 Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: To investigate lipase C hepatic type (LIPC) expression in Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer and its correlation with clinical outcome. The biological roles of LIPC in Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer progression were also investigated.

Methods: We determined LIPC expression in 324 primary gastric cancer tissues and 178 matched adjacent non-tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry.

The Prognosis Value of Lymphatic Vessel Invasion in pN0 Gastric Cancer Patients with Insufficient Examined Lymph Nodes.

Objectives: To investigate the prognosis value of lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) in pN0 gastric cancer patients with insufficient examined lymph nodes (ELNs).

Methods: Clinicopathologic and prognostic data of pN0 gastric cancer patients with insufficient ELNs who underwent radical surgery in our institution were retrospectively studied.

Results: Firstly, we confirmed that less than 16 but not less than 30 ELNs were insufficient ELNs in the present study.

The prognostic roles of circulating ALDH1 tumor cell in the patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Circulating tumor cells can provide important diagnostic and prognostic information of the patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), a cancer stem cell marker, has been used in various tumors, including NSCLC. In the present study, we isolated the circulating ALDH1 tumor cells from the NSCLC patients using ALDH1 as a potential marker.

Rare upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage of cetuximab: A case report.

Rationale: cetuximab, an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, is a targeted therapeutic regimen of colorectal cancers. Several common adverse effects have been found, such as cutaneous or gastrointestinal toxicity. However, according to the articles had been published, upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is considered to be rare and its mechanism remains unclear.

Tbx3 overexpression in human gastric cancer is correlated with advanced tumor stage and nodal status and promotes cancer cell growth and invasion.

The objective of the current study was to investigate the expression pattern of Tbx3 and its clinicopathological significance in patients with gastric cancer. The expression pattern of Tbx3 in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous surface epithelia and mucosal glands was detected by immunohistochemistry. Tbx3 was found to be overexpressed in 46 of 98 human gastric cancer samples, and this correlated with advanced clinical stage, tumor stage, and nodal status.

The roles of serum CXCL16 in circulating Tregs and gastrointestinal stromal tumor cells.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common sarcomas of the digestive system. Abnormal expression of CXCL16 and its sole receptor, CXCR6, has been demonstrated in many cancers. However, no studies have shown the relationship between CXCL16 or CXCR6 expression and GIST.

Endoglin overexpression mediates gastric cancer peritoneal dissemination by inducing mesothelial cell senescence.

Peritoneal dissemination (PD), which is highly frequent in gastric cancer (GC) patients, is the main cause of death in advanced GC. Senescence of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) may contribute to GC peritoneal dissemination (GCPD). In this study of 126 patients, we investigated the association between Endoglin expression in GC peritoneum and the clinicopathological features.

Canstatin induces apoptosis in gastric cancer xenograft growth in mice through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.

Canstatin, the non-collagenous domain of collagen type IV α-chains, belongs to a series of collagen-derived angiogenic inhibitors. In this study, the inhibitory effect of recombinant canstatin on tumour growth was investigated using a gastric cancer xenograft model. The volume and weight of tumours in mice treated with canstatin were lower than that in mice treated with PBS.

Association of polymorphisms in interleukin-18 and interleukin-28B genes with outcomes of hepatitis B virus infections: a meta-analysis.

Several polymorphisms in the interleukin-18 (IL-18) and nterleukin-28B (IL-28B) genes have been reported to influence hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the published findings have been conflicting. We conducted meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials to address the association of IL-18 or IL-28B polymorphisms and the outcomes of HBV infection.

Bag-3 expression is involved in pathogenesis and progression of colorectal carcinomas.

Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (Bag-3) belongs to a member of the Hsc70 binding co-chaperone Bag-family proteins and has critical roles in protein homeostasis, cell survival, actin organization, cell adhesion, cell motility and tumor metastasis. To clarify the role of Bag-3 in colorectal carcinogenesis and subsequent development, its expression was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) on tissue microarrays containing colorectal carcinomas, adenomas, non-neoplastic mucosa (NNM) and metastatic carcinomas in lymph node and liver. Colorectal carcinoma tissue and cell lines were studied for Bag-3 expression by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence.

Beclin 1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for gastric carcinomas.

Beclin 1, an important autophagy-related protein in human cells, is involved in autophagy, differentiation, anti-apoptosis, and cancer progression, which is increased during periods of cell stress and extinguished during the cell cycle. In order to clarify the role of Beclin 1 in gastric carcinogenesis and subsequent progression, its expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH) on tissue microarrays containing gastric carcinomas, adjacent non-neoplastic mucosa, and metastatic lymph node. Gastric carcinoma tissue and cell lines were studied for Beclin 1 expression by Western blot or RT-PCR, respectively.

COL4A3 expression correlates with pathogenesis, pathologic behaviors, and prognosis of gastric carcinomas.

COL4A3 protein belongs to type IV collagen family and is closely linked to kidney diseases and cancer. To clarify the roles of COL4A3 in gastric carcinogenesis and subsequent progression, its expression was examined by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays containing gastric carcinomas, adjacent intestinal metaplasia, pure intestinal metaplasia, and gastritis. Gastric carcinoma tissue and cell lines were studied for COL4A3 expression by Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

Role and clinicopathologic significance of CXC chemokine ligand 16 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 6 expression in gastric carcinomas.

The chemokine ligand CXC chemokine ligand 16 and its receptor chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 6 are up-regulated in many types of cancer and give rise to more aggressive behavior by regulating proliferation and angiogenesis. To clarify the role and clinicopathologic significance of CXC chemokine ligand 16 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 6 expression in gastric carcinoma, their expression was examined by immunohistochemistry of tissue microarrays containing gastric carcinoma and nonneoplastic mucosa, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine the CXC chemokine ligand 16 concentration in serum. Expression was compared with the clinicopathologic features of the carcinomas.

The roles of REIC gene and its encoding product in gastric carcinoma.

REIC is downregulated in immortalized cell lines compared with the parental normal counterparts. It may inhibit colony formation, tumor growth and induce apoptosis. Here, gastric carcinoma or epithelial cells transfected with REIC-expressing plasmid, its siRNA or treated with recombinant REIC were subjected to the phenotypes' measurement or related molecules' detection.

The antitumor activity of exogenous and endogenous canstatin on colorectal cancer cells.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy and the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In the last several years, recombinant DNA technology has made cancer gene therapy feasible in the clinic. In our studies, we used both exogenous and endogenous canstatin, a type IV collagen genetically distinct product.

Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of MUC-2, MUC-4 and MUC-5AC expression in japanese gastric carcinomas.

Background: The mucin components of the gastric gel layer function as a protective and lubricating factor against luminal acid and proteolytic enzymes. Alteration of mucin expression in gastric preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions has suggested potential roles in neoplastic processes. This study aimed to assess the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of MUC-2, MUC-4 and MUC-5AC in Japanese gastric cancer.

[The secreted level of REIC protein in gastric carcinoma and its role of proliferation inhibition].

Aim: To detect secretory REIC content in serum from the patients with gastric carcinoma and cell culture medium of gastric carcinoma cell lines, and determine the effects of recombinant REIC on proliferation of gastric carcinoma cells.

Methods: ELISA was employed to determine REIC content in serum and supernatant, and WST-8 to detect the proliferation of gastric carcinoma cells.

Results: The secretion level of REIC was obviously decreased in serum form gastric carcinoma, compared with healthy individuals (P<0.

The altered expression of ING5 protein is involved in gastric carcinogenesis and subsequent progression.

ING5 can interact with p53, thereby inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis. To clarify the roles of ING5 in gastric tumorigenesis and progression, its expression was examined by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray containing gastric nonneoplastic mucosa (n = 119), dysplasia (n = 50), and carcinomas (n = 429), with its comparison with clinicopathologic parameters of the carcinomas. ING5 expression was analyzed in gastric carcinoma tissues and cell lines (MKN28, MKN45, AGS, GT-3 TKB, and KATO-III) by Western blot and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

[Ecological characteristic of benthic epipelic algae and the characteristic of water environment quality in heavily polluted river in city].

The water quality and algae community of Nanyuan Water System in the old city area of Suzhou were monitored for a year. Results showed that the water pollution in the studied area was mainly related to nitrogen (NH4+ -N and TN). Sometimes, they even exceeded the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002, PRC) more than 5 times.

The pathobiological behaviors and prognosis associated with Japanese gastric adenocarcinomas of pure WHO histological subtypes.

Japan is a high-risk region for gastric carcinoma with a comparatively early stage and favorable prognosis. To clarify the pathobiological behaviors and prognosis of Japanese gastric adenocarcinoma, we analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics of different WHO subtypes of carcinomas. The expression of ki-67, CPP32, p53, FHIT, maspin, parafibromin, GRP78, GRP94, EMMPRIN, VEGF, P-GSK3beta-ser9, fascin, cortactin, Arp2, Arp3 MUC-2, MUC-5AC and MUC-6 was examined using immunohistochemistry and tissue microarrays.

Nuclear or cytoplasmic localization of Bag-1 distinctly correlates with pathologic behavior and outcome of gastric carcinomas.

Bag-1 is an antiapoptotic protein with its altered expression and localization in malignancies. To clarify the role of Bag-1 in gastric carcinogenesis, its expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization on a tissue microarray containing gastric carcinomas, adjacent nonneoplastic mucosa (NNM), adenomas, intestinal metaplasia (IM), or gastritis. Gastric carcinoma tissue and cell lines were studied for Bag-1 expression by Western blot and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

[Canonical correspondence analysis between phytoplankton community and environmental factors in winter and summer in shallow lakes of plain river network areas, Suzhou].

Field investigations on the phytoplankton community were carried out in December 2005 and June 2006 in shallow lakes of plainriver network areas, Suzhou City. Results show that there are 73 species, 62 genus, 8 phylum phytoplankton, which is mainly composed of the Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta. In winter, the average phytoplankton abundance is 254.