[Huazhi Rougan Granules attenuates steatosis in cell model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by inducing autophagy].

To investigate the effect of Huazhi Rougan Granules(HZRG) on autophagy in a steatotic hepatocyte model of free fatty acid(FFA)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and explore the possible mechanism. FFA solution prepared by mixing palmitic acid(PA) and oleic acid(OA) at the ratio of 1∶2 was used to induce hepatic steatosis in L02 cells after 24 h treatment, and an in vitro NAFLD cell model was established. After termination of incubation, cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay was performed to detect the cell viability; Oil red O staining was employed to detect the intracellular lipid accumulation; enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay(ELISA) was performed to measure the level of triglyceride(TG); to monitor autophagy in L02 cells, transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used to observe the autophagosomes; LysoBrite Red was used to detect the pH change in lysosome; transfection with mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus was conducted to observe the autophagic flux; Western blot was performed to determine the expression of autophagy marker LC3B-Ⅰ/LC3B-Ⅱ, autophagy substrate p62 and silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)/adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK) signaling pathway.

Two new arylalkenyl α,β-unsaturated δ-lactones with cytotoxic activity from the leaves and twigs of Cryptocarya concinna.

Tow new arylalkenyl α,β-unsaturated δ-lactones named cryptoconcatones K (1) and L (2) were obtained from the leaves and twigs of Cryptocarya concinna. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data (MS, 1D and 2D NMR). Compounds 1 and 2 showed cytotoxic activities with IC values of 4.

[Case-control study on accuracy and safety of patient-specific drill-guide templates used in scoliosis cases].

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy and safety of pedicle screw insertion with the aid of novel patient-specific drill-guide templates in scoliosis cases.

Methods: Ten patients with scoliosis were selected to participate in the research (the observation group) from December 2013 to December 2014. The data was obtained from CT scanning, and put into the computer to perform reconstruction of spine, simulation of pedicle screw insertion, and design of patient-specific drill-guide templates with software.

Polyphyllin I induced-apoptosis is enhanced by inhibition of autophagy in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Background: Polyphyllin I (PPI), a bioactive phytochemical isolated from the rhizoma of Paris polyphyllin, exerts preclinical anticancer efficacy in various cancer models. However, the effects of PPI on regulatory human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell proliferation and its underlying mechanisms remain unknown.

Purpose: This study investigated the antiproliferation effect of PPI on HCC cells and its underlying mechanisms.

Icariside II-induced mitochondrion and lysosome mediated apoptosis is counterbalanced by an autophagic salvage response in hepatoblastoma.

In this study, the anti-cancer effect of Icariside II (IS), a natural plant flavonoid, against hepatoblastoma cells and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. The in vitro and in vivo studies show that IS decreased the viability of human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and inhibited tumor growth in mice transplanted with H22 liver carcinomas. IS impaired mitochondria and lysosomes as evidenced by signs of induced mitochondrial and lysosomal membrane permeabilization, resulting in caspase activation and apoptosis.

Treatment with resveratrol attenuates sublesional bone loss in spinal cord-injured rats.

Background And Purpose: Sublesional osteoporosis predisposes individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) to an increased risk of low-trauma fracture. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of treatment with resveratrol (RES) on sublesional bone loss in spinal cord-injured rats.

Experimental Approach: Complete SCI was generated by surgical transaction of the cord at the T10-12 level.

[Laminectomy and extraction of nucleus pulposus for treatment of lumbar disc herniation: effect evaluation of over 10-year-followed-up].

Objective: To investigate retrospectively the clinical effects and recurrence rate of 143 cases who underwent one level discectomy and followed up more than 10 years. To evaluate the outcome of patients in groups of different operating age and extents of disc herniation, and analyse whether difference exists in each group.

Methods: There were 143 patients (operation time from January 1996 to December 2000) including 80 males and 63 females, aged from 18 to 66 years old with an average of 37.

Hydrogen water consumption prevents osteopenia in ovariectomized rats.

Background And Purpose: Accumulating evidence indicates an important role of oxidative stress in the progression of osteoporosis. Recently, it was demonstrated that hydrogen gas, as a novel antioxidant, could selectively reduce hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite anion to exert potent therapeutic antioxidant activity. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of hydrogen water (HW) consumption on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis.

[Measurement of diameter of T4 pedicle-rib compomers].

Objective: To measure the diameter of T4 pedicle-rib compomers in normal human spines and discuss the importance of related dates.

Methods: T4 computerized tomography (CT) images,including two-dimensional,three-dimensional reconstruction, of 12 random adult patients were harvested. There were 7 males and 5 females with a mean age of 23 years (ranged, 19 to 28 years).

[The anatomic and radiographic morphometry of thoracic pedicle rib unit].

Objectives: To investigate the spatial structure of pedicle rib units in normal thoracic human spines and to compare the dimensions of the pedicle rib unit with corresponding dimensions.

Methods: Thoracic spine specimens in four fresh adult cadaveric were used. Computerized tomographic (CT) images (including two-dimensional, three-dimensional reconstruction) of the thoracic spines were obtained.

[Studying the influence of age and short or long segments of pedicle screw instrumentation to the clinical efficacy of early single thoracolumbar fracture].

Objective: To study the influence of different age and short or long segments of pedicle screw fixation to the clinical efficacy of early single thoracolumbar fracture.

Methods: From June 2005 to June 2008, 27 patients of early single thoracolumbar fracture were treated using short or long segments pedicle screw instrumentation, fracture vertebral (AO classification: type A1 or A2) was between T11 or L2. All patients were divided into A or B group according to age.

[Prevention and management of the neurological complications during the treatment of severe scoliosis].

Objective: To discuss the prevention and management of the neurological complications during treatment for severe scoliosis.

Methods: Seventy-one patients with the coronal Cobb angle more than 80 degrees underwent operation. The average coronal Cobb angle was 96.

[Anatomical study of human lumbar spine innervation].

Objective: To explore the detailed innervation of the lumbar spine of humans.

Methods: Six adult cadavers fixed in a solution containing 10% formalin were investigated under a stereomicroscope. The lumbar spine, together with the abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava and psoas muscle, was extracted.

[A new kind of grade system for thoracic pedicle screw placement and its clinical purpose].

Objective: To introduce a new kind of grade system for thoracic pedicle screws placement by performing postoperative computerized tomography (CT) scanning and discussion the clinical purpose.

Methods: Four hundred and fifty thoracic pedicle screws were implanted in 64 patients with the assistance of fluoroscopy. Postoperative CT scanning was conducted to determine a grade for each screw: Part A, screw entirely contained within pedicle; Part B(1), violate lateral or upper pedicle but screw tip entirely contained within the vertebral body (VB); Part B(2), violate medial or inferior of pedicle; Part B(3), tip penetrated anterior or lateral VB; Part C, violate pedicle or VB and endangers spinal cord, nerve roots, or great vessels.