Different multicellular trichome types coordinate herbivore mechanosensing and defense in tomato.

Herbivore-induced wounding can elicit a defense response in plants. However, whether plants possess a surveillance system capable of detecting herbivore threats and initiating preparatory defenses before wounding occurs remains unclear. In this study, we reveal that tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) trichomes can detect and respond to the mechanical stimuli generated by herbivores.

Development of a Predictive Model for Potentially Inappropriate Medications in Older Patients with Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: Older patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are highly susceptible to adverse drug reactions due to age-related physiological changes and the presence of multiple comorbidities, polypharmacy, and potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs).

Objective: This study aimed to develop a predictive model to identify the use of PIMs in older patients with CVD.

Methods: Data from 2012 to 2021 from the Changhua Christian Hospital Clinical Research Database (CCHRD) and the Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Research Database (KMUHRD) were analyzed.

The relationship between social media usage and loneliness among younger and older adults: the moderating effect of shyness.

Does social media alleviate or exacerbate loneliness? Past research has shown mixed results regarding the relationship between social media usage and loneliness among younger and older adults. Unlike younger individuals, older adults may decrease their loneliness through social media interactions. Additionally, previous research has indicated that the link between social media use and loneliness can vary depending on one's shy tendency.

The impact of the fluconazole trailing effect on the persistence of Candida albicans bloodstream infection when treated with fluconazole.

Objectives: The trailing effect of Candida species is a phenomenon characterized by reduced but persistent growth at antifungal concentrations above the MIC. We assessed the impact of trailing growth on the persistence of Candida albicans candidemia in patients receiving fluconazole (FLC) therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated candidemia isolates at three hospitals in southern Taiwan between 2013 and 2020.

The evolutionary innovation of root suberin lamellae contributed to the rise of seed plants.

Seed plants overtook ferns to become the dominant plant group during the late Carboniferous, a period in which the climate became colder and dryer. However, the specific innovations driving the success of seed plants are not clear. Here we report that the appearance of suberin lamellae (SL) contributed to the rise of seed plants.

Improvement of triterpenoid production in mycelia of through mutagenesis breeding and amelioration of CCl-induced liver injury in mice.

Due to the scarcity of wild fruiting bodies, submerged fermentation of the medicinal fungus is attracting much attention, but the production of bioactive triterpenoids is low. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the triterpenoid yield of submerged fermentation. Here, the mutant E3-64 was generated from strain AC16101 through random mutagenesis breeding, producing 172.

A new family of proteins is required for tethering of Casparian strip membrane domain and nutrient homoeostasis in rice.

Cell-cell junctions are essential for multicellular organisms to maintain nutrient homoeostasis. A plant-type tight junction, the Casparian strip (CS)-Casparian strip membrane domain (CSD) that seals the paracellular space between adjacent endodermal cells, has been known for more than one hundred years. However, the molecular basis of this structure remains unknown.

Two novel heterozygote mutations of ATM in a Chinese family with dystonia-dominant ataxia telangiectasia and literature review.

Background: Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive disorder with high clinical heterogeneity. A-T may present in complicated variable forms, including classic A-T and milder form of AT. Contrary to the classic A-T, the milder form does not present the cardinal features of A-T such as ataxia and telangiectasia.

Does ICT Usage Have a Positive or Negative Effect on Taiwanese Older Adults' Emotional Experiences? The Moderating Role of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction.

While some studies have found that older adults' use of information and communications technology (ICT) contributes to their positive emotions, others have not. According to previous research, basic psychological needs satisfaction may help us explore the relationships between older adults' ICT usage and their emotional experience. This study aimed to investigate the moderation effect of older adults' basic psychological needs satisfaction on the relationship between ICT usage and emotional experience using the experience sampling method via the communication application, Line.

Electro-acupuncture treatment ameliorates intestinal inflammatory injury in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats via regulating the balance of Treg / γδ T cells.

Electro-acupuncture (EA) has an anti-inflammatory role in ischemic stroke, but whether the protective effect of EA involves the regulation of the intestine barrier and Treg/ γδ T cells is unclear. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) for 2 h followed by reperfusion for 24 h. The rats have treated with EA at the "Baihui" acupoint(GV20).

A genome-wide association study identifies a transporter for zinc uploading to maize kernels.

The Zn content in cereal seeds is an important trait for crop production as well as for human health. However, little is known about how Zn is loaded to plant seeds. Here, through a genome-wide association study (GWAS), we identify the Zn-NA (nicotianamine) transporter gene ZmYSL2 that is responsible for loading Zn to maize kernels.

Correlation of Vitek 2 and Agar dilution for levofloxacin susceptibility testing and clinical outcomes of Enterobacterales bacteremia with 2019 CLSI breakpoints.

In 2019, the CLSI lowered the susceptible levofloxacin breakpoints for Enterobacterales from a MIC of ≤2 μg/mL to ≤0.5 μg/mL. The study evaluated the correlation between the susceptibility profiles obtained by the Vitek 2 and agar dilution (AD) methods in levofloxacin MIC ≤2 μg/mL isolates and its clinical impacts.

Sec24C mediates a Golgi-independent trafficking pathway that is required for tonoplast localisation of ABCC1 and ABCC2.

Protein sorting is an essential biological process in all organisms. Trafficking membrane proteins generally relies on the sorting machinery of the Golgi apparatus. However, many proteins have been found to be delivered to target locations via Golgi-independent pathways, but the mechanisms underlying this delivery system remain unknown.

Phytochrome-interacting factors orchestrate hypocotyl adventitious root initiation in Arabidopsis.

Adventitious roots (ARs) are an important type of plant root and display high phenotypic plasticity in response to different environmental stimuli. It is known that photoreceptors inhibit darkness-induced hypocotyl adventitious root (HAR) formation by directly stabilizing Aux/IAA proteins. In this study, we further report that phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) plays a central role in HAR initiation by simultaneously inducing the expression of genes involved in auxin biosynthesis, auxin transport and the transcriptional control of root primordium initiation.

Myocardial Extracellular Volume Fraction Measured by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Negatively Correlates With Cardiomyocyte Breadth in a Healthy Porcine Model.

Background: The extracellular volume fraction (ECV) derived from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is extensively used to evaluate myocardial fibrosis. However, due to the limited histological verification in healthy individuals, it remains unclear whether the size of cardiomyocytes may play a potential role in the physiological changes of ECV. The aim of this study was to examine the association between cardiomyocyte size and myocardial ECV by using a healthy porcine model.

A qualitative exploration of "empathic labor" in Chinese hospice nurses.

Background: Hospice nurses may devote more emotional labor during the empathy process with patients, and this empathy can be used as a form of psychological behavior of emotional labor in the hospice care model. The aim of this study was to analyze hospice nurses' empathy characteristics in the context of emotional labor theory, and explore the impact of empathy on patient care.

Methods: We conducted semi-participant observations from three hospitals and multicenter in-depth interviews with n = 26 hospice nurses from eight cities.

Decreasing nitrogen assimilation under drought stress by suppressing DST-mediated activation of Nitrate Reductase 1.2 in rice.

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development, and plays vital roles in crop yield. Assimilation of nitrogen is thus fine-tuned in response to heterogeneous environments. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying this essential process remains largely unknown.

NPF transporters in synaptic-like vesicles control delivery of iron and copper to seeds.

Accumulation of iron in seeds is essential for both plant reproduction and human nutrition. Transport of iron to seeds requires the chelator nicotianamine (NA) to prevent its precipitation in the plant vascular tissues. However, how NA is transported to the apoplast for forming metal-NA complexes remains unknown.