Neuroprotective Guanacastane Diterpenoids from the Endophytic Fungus sp.

Twenty novel guanacastane diterpenoids candollins A-T (-) were isolated from cultured on agar solid medium. The structures were elucidated according to the NMR, HRESIMS, and electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compounds and were further confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

Metabolites, Biotransformation, and Plant-Growth Dual Regulatory Activity from Uncovered by the Fermentation Interaction with a Host.

One new azaphilone derivative () from in ordinary medium, one new phthalide derivative (), a microbial transformation product of ingredients by , a pair of new austdiol enantiomers (+)- and (-)-, one new epsilon-caprolactone derivative (), and one new ophiobolin-type sesterterpenoid () from the in host medium were reported. The structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds - could completely inhibit the germination of rice seeds at 50 μg/mL, which is higher than that of the positive control.

New Antifungal and Antifeedant Metabolites from Daldinia Eschscholtzii Cocultured with Colletotrichum Pseudomajus.

The synchronous co-culture of Daldinia eschscholtzii and Colletotrichum pseudomajus produced one new linear polyketide, eschscholin C (1), along with three known compounds (2-4). One new acorane sesquiterpene, coldaldrin A (5), and one new amide derivative, coldaldamide A (6) as the probe for polyketide intermediate capture, and three known compounds (7-9) were isolated from the sequential co-culture of D. eschscholtzii with C.

The Antiphytopathogenic Metabolites and the Synergy of Endophytes sp., from the Same Host.

Two endophytes from the same host were isolated and cultured separately. Three new eremophilane sesquiterpenoids (), three new furan derivates (, -), one new polyketide (), and four known compounds (, , , ) from sp. and two new 10-membered macrolides (-), a new liner polyketide (), a new benzofuran (), and six known compounds (-) from were isolated.

Spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity of bacterial keratitis: a retrospective analysis of eight years in a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Southwest China.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics, distribution of isolates, prevailing patterns, and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial keratitis (BK) in a Tertiary Referral Hospital located in Southwest China.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 660 cases of bacterial keratitis occurring between January 2015 and December 2022. The demographic data, predisposing factors, microbial findings, and antibiotic sensitivity profiles were examined.

Antifeedant, Antifungal Cryptic Polyketides with Six Structural Frameworks from Tea Endophyte Propelled by the Antagonistic Coculture with Phytopathogen and Different Culture Methods.

The antagonistic coculture with tea phytopathogen induces antifungal cryptic metabolites from isogenesis endophyte against tea phytopathogens. Sixteen new polyketides with six structural frameworks including ten cryptic ones, named coldaldols A-C (-), collediol (), and daldinrins A-L (- and ), were found from the coculture of and by different culture methods. The unique framework of compounds and featured a benzopyran-C polyketone hybrid, and compounds - were characterized by the novel benzopyran dimer.

The antifungal metabolites isolated from maize endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. induced by OSMAC strategy.

Six new sesquiterpenes, fusarchlamols A-F (1, 2, 4-7); one new natural product of sesquiterpenoid, methyltricinonoate (3); and ten known compounds were found from Fusarium sp. cultured in two different media by the one strain many compounds strategy. The compounds (1, 2, and 4-11) were isolated from Fusarium sp.

The antifungal metabolites from coculture of and associated with .

One new cyclohexenone derivative, asperfumtone A () along with six known compounds were obtained from the coculture of and associated with The configuration of was first reported in the research. The structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses, and ECD calculation. Compounds , and showed significant antifungal activities against coffee phytopathogens and with MICs of 1 μg/mL.

Antifungal and antifeedant terpenoids from Paraphaeosphaeria sp. cultured by extract of host Ginkgo biloba.

Five undescribed terpenoids including a polyketide-terpenoid hybrid paraphaone, and four eremophilane sesquiterpenoids, paraphaterpenes A-D, as well as two known compounds were isolated from the endophytic fungus Paraphaeosphaeria sp. cultured by extract of host Ginkgo biloba L. The structures were established by spectroscopic analyses, and the single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Novel Antifungal and Antifeedant Metabolites from Penicillium chrysogenum Co-Cultured with Nemania primolutea and Aspergillus fumigatus.

The endophyte Nemania primolutea, inhibited the growth of Penicillium chrysogenum in the coculture system. Four new compounds, nemmolutines A-B (1-2), and penigenumin (3) from N. primolutea, penemin (4) from P.

Jiangchuanmycin, a New Pyrrolizidine Analog from Streptomyces sp. YIM S01863.

Jiangchuanmycin (1), a new indole containing pyrrolizidine, and six known peptides (2-7) were obtained from the fermentation broth of a Streptomyces isolate collected from a sediment sample of Xingyun Lake, Jiangchuan, China. Their structures were elucidated on the detailed analysis of the HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, ECD, and X-ray crystallographic data. Jiangchuanmycin (1) presented weak inhibitory effects on cell lines of H1299, MHCC97H, HCT116 with the IC values of 97.

Three new fumagillol analogues and antifungal activity from Aspergillus fumigatus cocultured with Paraphaeosphaeria sp.

Two fungi Aspergillus fumigatus YXG-12-2, and Paraphaeosphaeria sp. YXG-18 were isolated from medicinal plant Ginkgo biloba. The interaction of endophytes and host could induce the productions of antifungal metabolites against pathogens for the plant resistance.

The antifeedant and antifungal cryptic metabolites isolated from tobacco endophytes induced by host medium and coculture.

Four new cryptic metabolites including one fumagillol derivative (2), one cyclohexenone derivative (4), one 10-membered lactone (5), and one natural 4-epi-brefeldin C (8), along with seven known compounds were found from isogenesis endophytes Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium janthinellum, Nigrospora sp., and Stagonosporopsis sp. induced by host Nicotiana tabacum medium and co-culture.

The induced cryptic metabolites and antifungal activities from culture of Penicillium chrysogenum by supplementing with host Ziziphus jujuba extract.

The productions of cryptic metabolites including three undescribed drimane sesquiterpenoids, penicichrins A-C, and three known compounds from Penicillium chrysogenum were activated by the host Ziziphus jujuba medium. The structures were established by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data. The spiro β-lactone, and gem-dimethyl dihydroxylation in induced penicichrins A-C were rare in natural products.

Chlorinated Cyclopentene Derivatives and Antifungal Activities from sp. Induced by the One Strain Many Compounds Strategy and Host Plant Culture.

Eleven new chlorinated cyclopentene derivatives, periconsins A-K, and a new diketopiperazine, periconzin, were found from cultured in three different media by the one strain many compounds strategy. Additionally, the C-1 methyl hydroxylation of chlorinated cyclopentene was found for the first time in the host plant culture. The structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and C NMR calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

The production of broad-spectrum antibiotics from phytopathogen Epicoccum sorghinum by culturing in host edible mushroom Thelephora ganbajun extract.

Metabolism of special endophytes and phytopathogens can be induced by the symbiotic interactions with the host. A phytopathogen Epicoccum sorghinum cultured in host mushroom Thelephora ganbajun medium exhibited different metabolites compared with that of ordinary medium. An unprecedented scaffold possessing the same substructure as perylenequinone mycotoxin, a first methyl rearrangement product of phytotoxin, epoxydon 6-methylsalicylate ester, three undescribed compounds, and an undescribed natural product were isolated from E.

New Metabolites, Antifeedant, Insecticidal Activities, and Reciprocal Relationship Between Insect and Fungus from Endophyte Schizophyllum commune.

Five new bisabolane sesquiterpenes, a new polyketide, along with seven known compounds, were isolated from endophyte Schizophyllum commune associated with a famous medicinal and edible plant, Gastrodia elata. Most compounds 1-12, and extract indicated antifeedant activities against silkworm with feeding deterrence index (FDI) of 21-85 %, at concentrations of 20 μg/cm , 40 μg/cm , respectively. Compound 6 indicated obvious insecticidal activity with fatality rate of 60 %, at the concentration of 20 μg/cm .

Baoshanmycin and a New Furanone Derivative from a Soil-Derived Actinomycete, Amycolatopsis sp. YNNP 00208.

Actinomycetes have being regarded as a treasure reservoir of various bioactive secondary metabolites and devoted many antibiotics in clinicals. Amycolatopsis sp. YNNP 00208 was isolated from a soil sample collected in Gaoligong Mountain area, Yunnan Province, China.

A new butenolide with antifungal activity from solid co-cultivation of and .

A new antifungal butenolide irperide () along with five known compounds were isolated from the co-culture of endophyte and pathogenic . The structure of , including the absolute configuration, was elucidated by analysis of NMR, HR-ESI-MS data and ECD spectra. Compounds , and exhibited significant antifungal activity against , with MIC values of 1, 2 and 1 μg/mL, respectively.

Antifeedant and Antifungal Activities of Metabolites Isolated from the Coculture of Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus tubingensis S1120 with Red Ginseng.

A new globoscinic acid derivative, aspertubin A (1) along with four known compounds, were obtained from the co-culture of Aspergillus tubingensis S1120 with red ginseng. The chemical structures of compounds were characterized by using spectroscopic methods, the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism. Panaxytriol (2) from red ginseng, and asperic acid (4) showed significant antifeedant effect with the antifeedant rates of 75 % and 80 % at the concentrations of 50 μg/cm .

Antimicrobial Natural Products Produced by Soil-Derived Fungus W1-1.

Ten compounds (-) were obtained from soil-derived W1-1 with the antimicrobial guided isolation procedure. Among them, presented broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and its preliminary mechanisms were evaluated. Compound showed growth inhibition on drug-resistant pathogenic strains and with post-contact effect (PCE), changed the morphology and membrane structure, killed cells with leakage, inhibited the growth of by eradicating biofilms.

Myrothins A-F from Endophytic Fungus Myrothecium sp. BS-31 Harbored in Panax notoginseng.

Endophytic fungi play important roles for host's stress tolerance including invasion by pathogenic microbes. Small molecules are common weapons in the microbe-microbe interactions. Panax notoginseng is a widely used traditional Chinese medicinal plant and harbors many endophytes, some exert functions against pathogens.