A green leaf volatile, (Z)-3-hexenyl-acetate, mediates differential oviposition by Spodoptera frugiperda on maize and rice.

Background: Insects rely on chemosensory perception, mainly olfaction, for the location of mates, food sources, and oviposition sites. Plant-released volatile compounds guide herbivorous insects to search for and locate their host plants, further helping them to identify suitable positions for oviposition. The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (S.

Structure and distribution of antennal sensilla in Pseudosymmachia flavescens (Brenske) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae).

Morphology, microstructure, and distribution of antennal sensilla were compared between female and male Pseudosymmachia flavescens (Brenske) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae). Lamellate antennae of P. flavescens were shown to have typical scape, pedicel, and flagellum segments.

Electrophysiological and Alarm Responses of Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to 2-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine (Short Title: EAG and Behavioral Responses of Fire Ants to Pyrazine).

2-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine is an isomer of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine, the alarm pheromone component of the red imported fire ant, Buren. The pyrazine was synthesized and its alarm activity was investigated under laboratory conditions. It elicited significant electroantennogram (EAG) activities, and released characteristic alarm behaviors in fire ant workers.

[Effect of electroacupuncture on muscular atrophy and Slit/Robo signaling in sciatic nerve and lumbar spinal cord tissues in rats with sciatic nerve injury].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of "Huantiao"(GB30) and" Zusanli"(ST36)on muscular atrophy and expression of Slit-Robo GTPase-activating protein(srGAP)1, 2 and 3 in the injured sciatic nerve and lumbar spinal cord tissues in sciatic nerve injury (SNI) rats, so as to reveal its mechanisms underlying improvement of peripheral nerve injury (PNI)．.

Methods: A total of 120 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into control, sham-operation, model and EA groups (＝30 rats in each) which were further divided into 7, 15 and 23 d subgroups (＝10 rats in each subgroup). The SNI model was established by transecting the right sciatic nerve beneath the piriformis and immediately subsequent end-to-end suture.

A Practical Technique for Electrophysiologically Recording from Lamellated Antenna of Scarab Beetle.

Host-plant volatiles play a key role in finding mate and suitable host plants of phytophagous scarab beetles. Hence it is immensely important to collect and identify these volatiles. The gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) technique has been used as a rapid and convenient tool for the identification of physiologically active components from plants.

HPLC Separation of 2-Ethyl-5(6)-methylpyrazine and Its Electroantennogram and Alarm Activities on Fire Ants ( Buren).

2-Ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine (EDMP) was an alarm pheromone component isolated from the mandibular gland of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. Several pyrazine analogues have been previously found to elicit significant alarm responses in S. invicta workers.

[Histological observations of Medaka(Oryzias latipes)gonad sexual differentiation and development].

Over the past few decades, Medaka (Oryzias latipes) has become a model animal in teleost species research due both to its short reproductive cycle and efficient proliferate capacity. Unfortunately, however, systematic data of its sexual differentiation and development have yet to be obtained. In the present study, we observed Medaka gonad development from the earliest recognizable stages through differentiation to maturation under a light microscope, after paraffin sectioning and hematoxylin-eosin staining.