α-(-Alkyl-N-heteroarenium)-α-diazoacetates: synthesis and reactivity of a novel class of 'onium' diazo compounds.

Treatment of alkyl α-(-heteroaryl)-α-diazoacetates with alkylating reagents affords diazoacetate N-heteroarenium salts. These novel 'onium' diazo compounds are mostly yellow solids, displaying increased thermal and acid stability. Their tetrafluoroborates undergo rhodium catalyzed [2 + 1] and Doyle-Kirmse reactions under mild conditions, suggesting the -quaternization an effective means of elimination of -coordination caused catalyst toxicity.

Association of Frailty with recovery from disability among community-dwelling Chinese older adults: China health and retirement longitudinal study.

Backgrounds: Little is known about the role of frailty in the recovery process of disability among older adults. We examined the association between frailty and recovery from activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) disability among community-dwelling Chinese older adults.

Methods: Data were from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Incidence of frailty among community-dwelling older adults: a nationally representative profile in China.

Background: Frailty is a clinically recognizable state of reduced resilience to stressors and increased vulnerability to adverse outcomes. The majority of studies have focused on the prevalence and risk factors of frailty, while the incidence of frailty has not been well documented, especially in less developed regions including China-a country that has the largest aging population in the world. We investigated the incidence of frailty among non-frail Chinese older adults by sociodemographic characteristics, disease burden, and geographic region.

Quantifying and Classifying Physical Resilience Among Older Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study.

Background: The concept of resilience has gained increasing attention in aging research; however, current literature lacks consensus on how to measure resilience. We constructed a novel resilience measure based on the degree of mismatch between persons' frailty level and disease burden and examined its predictive validity. We also sought to explore the physiological correlates of resilience.

Standardization of the manufacturing procedure for Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pinelliae Rhizoma (PR), the dried tuber of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit., is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb.

Metabolomics reveals the mechanisms for the cardiotoxicity of Pinelliae Rhizoma and the toxicity-reducing effect of processing.

Pinelliae Rhizoma (PR) is a commonly used Chinese medicinal herb, but it has been frequently reported about its toxicity. According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory, processing can reduce the toxicity of the herbs. Here, we aim to determine if processing reduces the toxicity of raw PR, and to explore the underlying mechanisms of raw PR-induced toxicities and the toxicity-reducing effect of processing.