Transition metal-catalyzed cascade C-H activation/cyclization with alkynes: an update on sulfur-containing directing groups.

In light of the extensive applications of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds in drug discovery, agrochemicals, and advanced materials, the construction of complex sulfur-containing molecular scaffolds has flourished in recent years. There is a profound interest in synthetic methods for forming carbon-sulfur bonds. Regarding this, transition metal (TM)-catalyzed C-H bond activation has emerged as a valuable means for the rapid formation of C-S bonds, although it is comparatively less explored than C-N or C-C bonds.

Melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 prevents cardiac hypertrophy via apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1-c-Jun N-terminal kinase/p38 signaling.

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is driven by maladaptive changes in myocardial cells in response to pressure overload or other stimuli. CH has been identified as a significant risk factor for the development of various cardiovascular diseases, ultimately resulting in heart failure. Melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), encoded by interferon-induced with helicase C domain 1 (IFIH1), is a cytoplasmic sensor that primarily functions as a detector of double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) viruses in innate immune responses; however, its role in CH pathogenesis remains unclear.

The Positional Relationship between Lacunae and White Matter Hyperintensity in Patients with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Background: Lacunae and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) are two crucial imaging biomarkers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Multiple studies have revealed a close relationship between WMH and lacunae and found that a double penumbra existed at the edge of WMH that affects lacunae formation. The study aimed to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and possible influencing factors of lacuna in relation to white matter hyperintensity in patients with CSVD.

Modulation in the Stiffness of Specific Muscles of the Quadriceps in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis and Their Relationship With Functional Ability.

Deficits in the flexibility of the quadriceps are one of the risk factors for developing knee joint disorders. No studies have investigated the changes in the stiffness of the quadriceps muscle among patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the stiffness of specific-muscle of the quadriceps in patients with knee OA and their relationship with functional ability.

Feasibility of Using a Portable MyotonPRO Device to Quantify the Elastic Properties of Skeletal Muscle.

BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to (1) calculate the correlation between different tensile force levels and corresponding muscle stiffness both in vitro and in vivo; (2) determine whether muscle stiffness assessed using a MyotonPRO myotonometer can be used to accurately estimate muscle activity level; and (3) evaluate the inter-operator reliability of MyotonPRO-based measurement in assessing biceps brachii muscle (BBM) stiffness. MATERIAL AND METHODS In Experiment I, muscle stiffness, as measured using the MyotonPRO, was obtained at 0 N, 2 N, 4 N, 6 N, 8 N, and 10 N of applied force on 6 fresh medial gastrocnemius muscle specimens. In Experiment II, 11 healthy subjects were recruited.

OTUB1 alleviates NASH through inhibition of the TRAF6-ASK1 signaling pathways.

Background And Aims: NAFLD is considered as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, which includes insulin resistance, obesity and hyperlipidemia. NASH is a progressive stage of NAFLD with severe hepatic steatosis, hepatocyte death, inflammation, and fibrosis. Currently, no pharmacological interventions specifically tailored for NASH are approved.

Deubiquitinase Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 10 Deficiency Regulates Sirt6 signaling and Exacerbates Cardiac Hypertrophy.

Background Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is a physiological response that compensates for blood pressure overload. Under pathological conditions, hypertrophy can progress to heart failure as a consequence of the disorganized growth of cardiomyocytes and cardiac tissue. USP10 (ubiquitin-specific protease 10) is a member of the ubiquitin-specific protease family of cysteine proteases, which are involved in viral infection, oxidative stress, lipid drop formation, and heat shock.

Finding a resveratrol analogue as potential anticancer agent with apoptosis and cycle arrest.

Resveratrol has been extensively studied as the anti-cancer agent. A variety of resveratrol analogues have been developed with structural modification to improve its bioactivity. In this work, resveratrol analogues, compound 1-4, were designed and synthesized with the Stille-Heck reaction.

Paraffin therapy induces a decrease in the passive stiffness of gastrocnemius muscle belly and Achilles tendon: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: The purposes of this study were to examine the feasibility of using the MyotonPRO digital palpation device in measuring the passive stiffness of gastrocnemius muscle belly and Achilles tendon; to determine between-days test-retest reliability of MyotonPRO; and to evaluate the acute effect of paraffin therapy on stiffness measurements in healthy participants.

Methods: It is a randomized controlled trial. Twenty healthy participants (male, n = 10; female, n = 10; total, n = 20) were recruited to evaluate the passive stiffness of gastrocnemius muscle belly and Achilles tendon.

Finding an efficient tetramethylated hydroxydiethylene of resveratrol analogue for potential anticancer agent.

With the improvement and advance in cancer diagnosis and treatment, the cancer is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Obviously, new breakthroughs in therapies remain be urgent needed. In this work, we designed and synthesized the compound - namely resveratrol analogues with methylation of hydroxy distyrene, to further explore its new anti-cancer potential.

Myotubularin-related protein 14 suppresses cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting Akt.

Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is an independent risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases, and is one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality in elderly people. Pathological CH involves excessive protein synthesis, increased cardiomyocyte size, and ultimately the development of heart failure. Myotubularin-related protein 14 (MTMR14) is a member of the myotubularin (MTM)-related protein family, which is involved in apoptosis, aging, inflammation, and autophagy.

Application of a mechanically responsive, inflammatory macrophage-targeted dual-sensitive hydrogel drug carrier for atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerotic lesions create obvious vascular stenosis due to the presence of plaque, and a large number of inflammatory macrophages are enriched in the thrombus. In this study, we develop a composite hydrogel drug delivery system that is capable of both mechanically-sensitive drug release and of targeting inflammatory macrophages at the thrombus. The hydrogel is a high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) modified with glycidyl methacrylate as a hydrogel precursor; a cross-linkable block copolymer (CBC) is used as the drug coating material and a microscopic cross-linking agent.

Dual Specificity Phosphatase 12 Regulates Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Through Inhibition of the Lipogenesis and Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 Pathways.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Due to the growing economic burden of NAFLD on public health, it has become an emergent target for clinical intervention. DUSP12 is a member of the dual specificity phosphatase (DUSP) family, which plays important roles in brown adipocyte differentiation, microbial infection, and cardiac hypertrophy.

Molecular regulation of miR-378 on the development of mouse follicle and the maturation of oocyte in vivo.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, non-coding RNAs which can bind to completely or partially complementary sequences in the 3'UTR of target mRNAs, therefore degrading the mRNA or repressing translation. We previously reported that miR-378 played a role in estradiol production via suppression of aromatase translation in porcine granulosa cells and could affect oocyte maturation in vitro by inhibiting cumulus cell expansion. However, the role of miR-378 on ovary development in vivo is unknown.

Quantifying the Stiffness of Achilles Tendon: Intra- and Inter-Operator Reliability and the Effect of Ankle Joint Motion.

BACKGROUND The objectives of the present study were to examine the intra- and inter-operator reliability of the MyotonPRO device in quantifying the stiffness of the Achilles tendon and the device's ability to examine the modulation in stiffness of the Achilles tendon during ankle joint flexion. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty asymptomatic participants (10 males and 10 females; mean age: 25.0±3.

Attacker-defender game from a network science perspective.

Dealing with the protection of critical infrastructures, many game-theoretic methods have been developed to study the strategic interactions between defenders and attackers. However, most game models ignore the interrelationship between different components within a certain system. In this paper, we propose a simultaneous-move attacker-defender game model, which is a two-player zero-sum static game with complete information.

Starvation during pregnancy impairs fetal oogenesis and folliculogenesis in offspring in the mouse.

Although it is becoming increasingly evident that maternal starvation during pregnancy can have permanent effects on a range of physiological processes in the offspring, scant information is available about the consequence of such condition for oogenesis and hence for lifetime reproductive success of progeny in mammals. In the present study, we address this topic by starving pregnant mice at the time of ovarian differentiation (12.5 days post coitum (dpc)) for three consecutive days and analyzed the consequence first on the survival of the fetal oocytes and their capability to progress throughout the stages of meiotic prophase I (MPI) and then on the postnatal folliculogenesis of the offspring.

The impact of Zearalenone on the meiotic progression and primordial follicle assembly during early oogenesis.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin produced by fusarium graminearum. It can cause abnormal reproductive function by acting as an environmental estrogen. Research has traditionally focused on acute and chronic injury on mammalian reproductive capacity after ZEA treatment.

Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed proteins in prostate cancer based on proteomics data.

We mined the literature for proteomics data to examine the occurrence and metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa) through a bioinformatics analysis. We divided the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) into two groups: the group consisting of PCa and benign tissues (P&b) and the group presenting both high and low PCa metastatic tendencies (H&L). In the P&b group, we found 320 DEPs, 20 of which were reported more than three times, and DES was the most commonly reported.

Validation of the fully automated Pangao PG-800B68 upper-arm device according to the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol revision 2010.

Objective: This study aimed to validate the fully automated Pangao PG-800B68 upper-arm device according to the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol (ESH-IP) revision 2010.

Materials And Methods: Sequential measurements of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were obtained in 33 participants using the standard mercury sphygmomanometer and the test device. The ESH-IP revision 2010 was followed precisely and 99 pairings of test device and reference blood pressure measurements were obtained for analysis.

Frequency-specific alterations of large-scale functional brain networks in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Previous studies have indicated that the cognitive deficits in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be due to topological deteriorations of the brain network. However, whether the selection of a specific frequency band could impact the topological properties is still not clear. Our hypothesis is that the topological properties of AD patients are also frequency-specific.

HAp/Ti2Ni coatings of high bonding strength on Ti-6Al-4V prepared by the eutectic melting bonding method.

Eutectic melting bonding (EMB) method is a useful technique for fabricating bioactive coatings with relatively high crystallinity and bonding strength with substrate on titanium substrates. Using the EMB method, hydroxyapatite/Ti2Ni coatings were prepared on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V at a relatively low temperature (1,050 °C) in a vacuum furnace. The coatings were then characterized in terms of phase components, microstructure, bonding strength and cytotoxicity.

[Epidemic features of dyslipidemia among Uygur, Kazakh, and Han adults in Xinjiang, China in 2010].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia among the Uyghur, Kazakh, and Han adults in Xinjiang Region and to analyze the features of distribution.

Methods: 3625 Uygur residents, 1773 males and 1852 females, aged (42.89 ± 15.

Exploring the functional brain network of Alzheimer's disease: based on the computational experiment.

The purpose of this study is to explore the changes in functional brain networks of AD patients using complex network theory. In this study, resting-state fMRI datasets of 10 AD patients and 11 healthy controls were collected. Time series of 90 brain regions were extracted from the fMRI datasets after preprocessing.