Next Generation of Solid Target Radionuclide Antibody Conjugates for Tumor Immuno-Therapy.

Immune checkpoint therapy has emerged as an effective treatment option for various types of cancers. Key immune checkpoint molecules, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), have become pivotal targets in cancer immunotherapy. Antibodies designed to inhibit these molecules have demonstrated significant clinical efficacy.

Lipase-catalyzed interesterification of Sunite sheep tail fat and flaxseed oil provides a fat having a unique fatty acid content and favorable physicochemical and nutritional properties.

The aim of this study is to combine flaxseed oil (FO), rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA), with Sunite sheep tail fat (STF) through a lipase-catalyzed transesterification reaction, in order to produce an edible oil with a fatty acid ratio suitable for human needs. Initially, the optimal conditions for esterification were determined using the Box-Behnken design, with the measurement criterion being the content of ALA at the sn-2 position. The results indicated that the highest content of sn-2 ALA was obtained under the conditions of using 6.

KRAS Mutation Detection with (2,4)-4-[F]FGln for Noninvasive PDAC Diagnosis.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which has a poor prognosis and nonspecific symptoms and progresses rapidly, is the most common pancreatic cancer type. Inhibitors targeting KRAS G12D and G12C mutations have been pivotal in PDAC treatment. Cancer cells with different KRAS mutations exhibit various degrees of glutamine dependency; in particular, cells with KRAS G12D mutations exhibit increased glutamine uptake.

Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of I/I-Labeled Antibody Targeting T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Domain-3.

T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM3; HAVCR2) is a transmembrane protein that exerts negative regulatory control over T cell responses. Studies have demonstrated an upregulation of TIM3 expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in cancer patients. In this investigation, a series of monoclonal antibodies targeting TIM3 were produced by hybridoma technology.

An iodine‑labelled Antibody-drug conjugate PET probe for noninvasive monitoring of Nectin-4 expression in urothelial carcinoma.

Background And Purpose: Some kinds of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) with high affinity to Nectin-4 have demonstrated breakthrough progress in the third-line setting for bladder cancer. However, many patients are still difficult to benefit from treatment based on the heterogeneity of tumour. As the most advanced auxiliary treatment technology, treatment visualization can most intuitively predict the effectiveness of drug treatment, and timely detect the occurrence of drug resistance.

Development and evaluation of serological screening based on one dried plasma spot for HIV, syphilis, and HCV.

Background: In the effort to prevent and control HIV/AIDS, China has established a national sentinel surveillance system. However, some sentinel sites face limitations in environmental resources and accessibility, prompting the exploration of alternative sample strategies. Dried plasma spots (DPS) samples are viewed as promising alternatives to traditional plasma samples due to their advantages, including sample stability, easy storage, and convenient transport.

Targeting NR1D1 in organ injury: challenges and prospects.

Nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group D, member 1 (NR1D1, also known as REV-ERBα) belongs to the nuclear receptor (NR) family, and is a heme-binding component of the circadian clock that consolidates circadian oscillators. In addition to repressing the transcription of multiple clock genes associated with circadian rhythms, NR1D1 has a wide range of downstream target genes that are intimately involved in many physiopathological processes, including autophagy, immunity, inflammation, metabolism and aging in multiple organs. This review focuses on the pivotal role of NR1D1 as a key transcription factor in the gene regulatory network, with particular emphasis on the milestones of the latest discoveries of NR1D1 ligands.

Inspired by novel radiopharmaceuticals: Rush hour of nuclear medicine.

Nuclear medicine plays an irreplaceable role in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Radiopharmaceuticals are important components of nuclear medicine. Among the radiopharmaceuticals approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), radio-tracers targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and somatostatin receptor (SSTR) have held essential positions in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancers and neuroendocrine neoplasms, respectively.

I-labeled anti-CD147 antibody for noninvasive detection of CD147-positive pan-cancers: construction and preclinical studies.

Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer CD147 is a glycoprotein on the cell surface. There is minimal expression of CD147 in normal epithelial and fetal tissues, but it is highly expressed in a number of aggressive tumors. CD147 has been implicated in pan-cancer immunity and progression.

Biomechanical effects of screws of different materials on vertebra-pediculoplasty: a finite element study.

The effects of cannulated screws made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) on the biomechanical properties of the vertebral body during vertebra-pediculoplasty remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether PEEK screws have the potential to replace titanium alloy screws. The surgical model of two different materials of screws was constructed using the finite element method.

Preclinical Evaluation of a Fibroblast Activation Protein and a Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Dual-Targeted Probe for Noninvasive Prostate Cancer Imaging.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a prostate cancer target that plays a crucial role in prostate cancer diagnosis and therapy. Herein, a novel dual-targeted imaging probe, [Ga]Ga-FAPI-PSMA, was prepared by radiolabeling conjugated DOTA-FAPI-PSMA with the short half-life radionuclide gallium-68 (Ga), which is dedicated to prostate cancer diagnostic imaging. In vitro, [Ga]Ga-FAPI-PSMA had higher affinity for the PSMA and FAP high-expressing cell lines 22Rv1 and U87 MG with IC values of 4.

Preclinical evaluation and first in human study of AlF radiolabeled ODAP-urea-based PSMA targeting ligand for PET imaging of prostate cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to introduce a novel [F]AlF-labeled ODAP-Urea-based Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) probe, named [F]AlF-PSMA-137, which was derived from the successful modification of glutamate-like functional group. The preclinically physical and biological characteristics of the probe were analyzed. Polit clinical PET/CT translation was performed to analyze its feasibility in clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Effects of osteoporosis on the biomechanics of various supplemental fixations co-applied with oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF): a finite element analysis.

Background: Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is an important surgical modality for the treatment of degenerative lumbar spine disease. Various supplemental fixations can be co-applied with OLIF, increasing OLIF stability and reducing complications. However, it is unclear whether osteoporosis affects the success of supplemental fixations; therefore, this study analyzed the effects of osteoporosis on various supplemental fixations co-applied with OLIF.

An Albumin-Binding PSMA Ligand with Higher Tumor Accumulation for PET Imaging of Prostate Cancer.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an ideal target for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Due to the short half-life in blood, small molecules/peptides are rapidly cleared by the circulatory system. Prolonging the half-life of PSMA probes has been considered as an effective strategy to improve the tumor detection.

Ga-labeled ODAP-Urea-based PSMA agents in prostate cancer: first-in-human imaging of an optimized agent.

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a promising target for prostate cancer imaging and therapy. The most commonly used scaffold incorporates a glutamate-urea (Glu-Urea) function. We recently developed oxalyldiaminopropionic acid-urea (ODAP-Urea) PSMA ligands in an attempt to improve upon the pharmacokinetic properties of existing agents.

Evaluation of seven rapid diagnostic tests for detection of hepatitis C virus antibodies in China.

Rapid diagnostic tests as an attractive alternative to enzyme immunoassay could identify hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected persons more expeditiously. The availability of high performing and quality-assured rapid diagnostic tests are essential to scale-up HCV screening. The study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of seven domestic HCV rapid diagnostic tests kits.

Discovering novel hub genes and pathways associated with the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

In-depth analysis on the rambling genes of psoriasis may help to identify the pathologic mechanism of this disease. However, this has seldom been performed. Using bioinformatic approaches, we analyzed four gene expression profiles in gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and found out the overlapping DEGs (common DEGs, CDEGs) in the above four profiles.

[Role of nicotinamide vadenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 in transforming growth factor-β-induced A549 cell migration].

Objective: To explore the role of NADPH oxidase 4( NOX4) in transforming growth factor-β( TGF-β)-induced A549 cells migration.

Methods: The A549 cells were allocated into five groups: TGF-β( stimulation) group, Normal control group, DPI( NOX4 inhibitor) group, TGF-β + DPI group, and DMSO( solvent control)group. The level of ROS were detected by flow cytometry instrument.

Six uranyl-organic frameworks with naphthalene-dicarboxylic acid and bipyridyl-based spacers: syntheses, structures, and properties.

A new series of uranium coordination polymers have been hydrothermally synthesized by using 1,4-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid (HNDC), namely, (HO)[(UO)(NDC)]·HO (1), (H-bpp)[(UO)(NDC)]·EtOH·5HO (2), (H-bpe)[(UO)(NDC)]·EtOH (3), (H-bpp)[(UO)(NDC)]·5HO (4), (H-bpp)[(UO)(HNDC)(NDC)]·2HO (5), and (H-bpy)[(UO)(NDC)] (6) [bpp = 1,3-di(4-pyridyl) propane, bpe = 4,4'-vinylenedipyridine, bpy = 4,4'-bipyridine]. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction demonstrates that complex 1 represents the uranyl-organic polycatenated framework derived from a simple two-dimensional honeycomb grid network structure via a HNDC linker. Complexes 2-4 contain the dinuclear motifs of the two UO pentagonal and one UO hexagonal bipyramids which are linked by NDC anions creating a (UO)(NDC) unit, and further extend to a 2D layer through NDC anions.

Production of ectoine through a combined process that uses both growing and resting cells of Halomonas salina DSM 5928T.

Using ectoine-excreting strain Halomonas salina DSM 5928(T), we developed a new process for high-efficiency production of ectoine, which involved a combined process of batch fermentation by growing cells and production by resting cells. In the first stage, batch fermentation was carried out using growing cells under optimal fermentation conditions. The second stage was the production phase, in which ectoine was synthesized and excreted by phosphate-limited resting cells.