Nitrogen-containing flavonoid and their analogs with diverse B-ring in acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition.

In this study, a series of new flavones (2-phenyl-chromone), 2-naphthyl chromone, 2-anthryl-chromone, or 2-biphenyl-chromone derivatives containing 6 or 7-substituted tertiary amine side chain were designed, synthesized, and evaluated in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition. The results indicated that the alteration of aromatic ring connecting to chromone scaffold brings about a significant impact on biological activity. Compared with flavones, the inhibitory activity of 2-naphthyl chromone, 2-anthryl-chromone derivatives against AChE significantly decreased, while that of 2-biphenyl chromone derivatives with 7-substituted tertiary amine side chain is better than relative flavones derivatives.

Antimicrobial effects of a bioactive glass combined with fluoride or triclosan on Streptococcus mutans biofilm.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effects on a cariogenic biofilm of a bioactive glass (BAG) combined with either sodium fluoride (NaF) or triclosan (TCS).

Design: According to minimal bactericidal concentrations, 37.5mg/ml of BAG, 4.

Phase segregation of polymerizable lipids to construct filters for separating lipid-membrane-embedded species.

Supported lipid bilayer (SLB) platforms have been developed to transport and separate membrane-embedded species in the species' native bilayer environment. In this study, we used the phase segregation phenomenon of lipid mixtures containing a polymerizable diacetylene phospholipid, 1,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DiynePC), and a nonpolymerizable phospholipid, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), to create filter barrier structures in SLBs. Upon exposing the phase segregated samples to UV light, the DiynePC-rich domains could become crosslinked and remain fixed on the surface of the support, while the DOPC-rich regions, where no crosslinking could happen, could be removed later by detergent washing, and thus became the void regions in the filter.

Using crosslinkable diacetylene phospholipids to construct two-dimensional packed beds in supported lipid bilayer separation platforms.

Separating and purifying cell membrane-associated biomolecules has been a challenge owing to their amphiphilic property. Taking these species out of their native lipid membrane environment usually results in biomolecule degradation. One of the new directions is to use supported lipid bilayer (SLB) platforms to separate the membrane species while they are protected in their native environment.

[Occluding effects of three new calcium desensitizers on dentinal tubules in vitro].

Objective: To evaluate the occluding effects of three new calcium desensitizers on dentinal tubules in vitro.

Methods: Twenty-five dentin specimens of 1.00 mm thick from freshly extracted third molars were divided into five groups randomly.

[Effects of radicular dentin treatments and luting materials on the bond of quartz fiber posts: scanning electron microscope study].

Objective: To investigate the effects of radicular dentin treatments of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the regional root canal bonding interface of quartz fiber posts using 2 luting materials with SEM analysis.

Methods: Nine intact maxillary central incisors were sectioned and endodontically treated. Standardized post space preparations and acid etch were performed.

Optimum post and tooth root diameters for a cast post-core system.

Purpose: To investigate the optimum diameter for the tapered post of a cast alloy post-core system relative to the root diameter, when measured at the root face, that is required to minimize both post and root failures.

Methods: 32 extracted maxillary central incisor teeth were each decoronated perpendicular to the long axis at a point 2.0 mm occlusal to the labial cemento-enamel junction.

Fracture resistance after simulated crown lengthening and forced tooth eruption of endodontically-treated teeth restored with a fiber post-and-core system.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of ferrule preparation length on the fracture resistance after simulated surgical crown lengthening and after forced tooth eruption of endodontically-treated teeth restored with a carbon fiber-reinforced post-and-core system.

Methods: 40 extracted endodontically-treated mandibular first premolars were decoronated 1.0 mm coronal to the buccal cemento-enamel junction.

Fracture resistance and microtensile bond strength of maxillary premolars restored with two resin composite inlay systems.

Purpose: To compare the in vitro fracture resistance and the microtensile bond strength (muTBS) of premolar teeth restored with two light-cured resin composite inlay systems.

Methods: 50 sound human maxillary premolars were divided randomly into five equal groups. Four groups received mesial-occlusal-distal (MOD) inlay preparations.

Translucency and biaxial flexural strength of four ceramic core materials.

Objectives: To assess the relative translucencies and flexural strengths of four dental restorative ceramic core materials.

Methods: Eight disk specimens (14 mm in diameterx 0.5+/-0.

Effect of a ferrule and increased clinical crown length on the in vitro fracture resistance of premolars restored using two dowel-and-core systems.

This study investigated the effect of a crown-lengthening ferrule on the fracture resistance of endodontically-treated teeth restored with two dowel-core systems. Thirty-two extracted mandibular first premolars were sectioned perpendicular to the long axis at a point 1.0 mm occlusal to the buccal cementoenamel junction.

Mathematical analysis of occlusal rest design for cast removable partial dentures.

Aims: To establish the minimum dimensions for a non-precious cast metal occlusal rest by using mathematical analysis. An occlusal rest in a removable partial denture (RPD) provides vertical support and allows occlusal forces to be transmitted through the long axis of the abutment tooth.

Methods: The stress status of an occlusal rest in a posterior tooth-bounded RPD resembles that of a cantilever beam under a uniformly distributed load.

Fracture resistance of roots with thin walls restored using an intermediate resin composite layer placed between the dentine and a cast metal post.

Thin-walled roots restored using conventional cast metal post-cores are at risk of fracture. Placing a thick intermediate layer of resin-based composite (RBC), sandwiched between the root dentine and a small-diameter metal post or dowel, may improve the fracture resistance of such roots. In this initial laboratory study, two similar groups each of six decoronated maxillary central incisor teeth were prepared with approximately 1.

Copper deficiency in yaks on pasture in western China.

The clinical signs of a disorder in yaks (Bos grunniens), known locally as "swayback ailment," in the Qing Hai-Tibetan Plateau are described. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility that swayback ailment is iron (Fe)-induced copper (Cu) deficiency. The mean concentrations of Cu in soil and forage from affected areas and unaffected areas are similar and within the normal ranges.

Effectiveness and dentin bond strengths of two materials for reinforcing thin-walled roots.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of two restorative materials for reinforcing thin-walled roots and their microtensile bond strengths to root canal dentin.

Methods: Twenty-one decoronated maxillary central incisor roots were root filled and the canals enlarged to leave approximately 1.0 mm thick dentin walls.