[Mechanism of electroacupuncture on hippocampal neuron regeneration in depression rats based on Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling pathway].

Objectives: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the proliferation of hippocampal neurons and Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling pathways in depression like behavior rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of depression.

Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into blank, model, medication and EA groups, with 12 rats in each group. The depression model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stimulation combined with solitary raising for 35 consecutive days.

Research progresses on non-coding DNA regulatory elements in the evolution of animal adaptive traits.

Driven by adaptive evolution, animals have developed a variety of adaptive traits that are critical to their survival and reproduction. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms of adaptive evolution is of key significance for understanding important biological phenomena such as species diversification and phenotypic convergence, etc. With the development and maturation of multi-omics technologies, genomic non-coding DNA regulatory elements have been proven to play important regulatory roles in the evolution of adaptive traits in animals.

Ginsenoside Rg3 Improved Age-Related Macular Degeneration Through Inhibiting ROS-Mediated Mitochondrion-Dependent Apoptosis In Vivo and In Vitro.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is marked by a progressive loss of central vision and is the third leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The exact mechanisms driving the progression of this macular degenerative condition remain elusive, and as of now, there are no available preventative measures for dry AMD. According to ancient records, ginseng affects the eyes by brightening them and enhancing wisdom.

Microtopography-Induced Nuclear Deformation Triggers Chromatin Reorganization and Cytoskeleton Remodeling.

Cells can adapt to diverse topographical substrates through contact guidance, which regulates the cellular and nuclear morphologies and functions. How adaptive deformation of the cell body and nucleus coordinates to protect genetic material within mechanical microenvironments remains poorly understood. In this study, we engineered micrometer-level narrow-spacing micropillars to mimic constricted extracellular topographies in vivo, enabling us to explore variances in the nuclear architecture, cytoskeleton distribution, and chromatin conformation.

Lily viruses regulate the viral community of the Lanzhou lily rhizosphere and indirectly affect rhizosphere carbon and nitrogen cycling.

The rhizosphere, where plant roots interact intensely with the soil, is a crucial but understudied area in terms of the impact of virus infection. In this study, we investigated the effects of lily symptomless virus (LSV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) on the Lanzhou lily (Lilium davidii var. unicolor) rhizosphere using metagenomics and bioinformatics analysis.

Ginsenoside Rg2 alleviates astrocyte inflammation and ameliorates the permeability of the Alzheimer's disease related blood-brain barrier.

Background: Damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is vital for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ginsenoside Rg2 (G-Rg2) has been shown to improve a variety of brain injuries, but whether G-Rg2 can improve the BBB leakage related to AD is still unclear.

Purpose: Illuminate the effect and mechanism of G-Rg2 on AD-related BBB damage.

Physical effects of 3-D microenvironments on confined cell behaviors.

Cell migration is a fundamental and functional cellular process, influenced by a complex microenvironment consisting of different cells and extracellular matrix. Recent research has highlighted that, besides biochemical cues from the microenvironment, physical cues can also greatly alter cellular behavior. However, due to the complexity of the microenvironment, little is known about how the physical interactions between migrating cells and surrounding microenvironment instructs cell movement.

Dietary effects of vitamin C on antioxidant capacity, intestinal microbiota and the resistance of pathogenic bacteria in cultured Silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus).

As most teleosts are unable to synthesize vitamin C, supplemental diets containing vitamin C diets play a crucial role in fish health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin C on the intestinal enzyme activity and intestinal microbiota of silver pomfre (Pampus argenteus). Four experimental diets were supplemented with basic diets containing 300 mg of vitamin C/kg (group tjl3), 600 mg of vitamin C/kg (group tjl6), and 1200 mg of vitamin C/kg (group tjl12), as well as vitamin C-free supplemental basic diet (group tjl0), respectively.

Advances in aldo-keto reductases immobilization for biocatalytic synthesis of chiral alcohols.

Chiral alcohols are essential building blocks of numerous pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) constitute a superfamily of oxidoreductases that catalyze the reduction of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols using NAD(P)H as a coenzyme. Knowledge about the crucial roles of AKRs immobilization in the biocatalytic synthesis of chiral alcohols is expanding.

Computer-aided design to enhance the stability of aldo-keto reductase KdAKR.

The aldo-keto reductase (AKR) KdAKR from Kluyvermyces dobzhanskii can reduce t-butyl 6-chloro-(5S)-hydroxy-3-oxohexanoate ((5S)-CHOH) to t-butyl 6-chloro-(3R,5S)-dihydroxyhexanoate ((3R,5S)-CDHH), which is the key chiral intermediate of rosuvastatin. Herein, a computer-aided design that combined the use of PROSS platform and consensus design was employed to improve the stability of a previously constructed mutant KdAKR . Experimental verification revealed that S196C, T232A, V264I and V45L produced improved thermostability and activity.

PRMT5-mediated homologous recombination repair is essential to maintain genomic integrity of neural progenitor cells.

Maintaining genomic stability is a prerequisite for proliferating NPCs to ensure genetic fidelity. Though histone arginine methylation has been shown to play important roles in safeguarding genomic stability, the underlying mechanism during brain development is not fully understood. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is a type II protein arginine methyltransferase that plays a role in transcriptional regulation.

Compassionate use of contezolid in a toddler with severe community-acquired pneumonia induced by staphylococcus aureus: a case report and follow-up.

Background: Initial choices of antimicrobial therapy for most cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children under 5 years of age are typically based on local epidemiology, risk factors assessment, and subsequent clinical parameters and positive cultures, which can lead to the underdiagnosis and underestimation of lung infections caused by uncommon pathogens. Contezolid, an orally administered oxazolidinone antibiotic, gained approval from the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) of China in June 2021 for managing complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTI) caused by staphylococcus aureus (SA), streptococcus pyogenes, or streptococcus agalactis. Owing to its enhanced safety profile and ongoing clinical progress, the scope of contezolid's clinical application continues to expand, benefiting a growing number of patients with Gram-positive bacterial infections.

Computer-directed rational design enhanced the thermostability of carbonyl reductase LsCR for the synthesis of ticagrelor precursor.

Carbonyl reductases are useful for producing optically active alcohols from their corresponding prochiral ketones. Herein, we applied a computer-assisted strategy to increase the thermostability of a previously constructed carbonyl reductase, LsCR (N101D/A117G/F147L/E145A), which showed an outstanding activity in the synthesis of the ticagrelor precursor (1S)-2-chloro-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethanol. The stability changes introduced by mutations at the flexible sites were predicted using the computational tools FoldX, I-Mutant 3.

Disruption of a kasB homolog gene (kasB) causes attenuation of cell invasion and virulence of Nocardia seriolae.

Nocardia seriolae is the primary aetiological agent of nocardiosis in fish, which causes mass mortality in freshwater and marine fish. β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase (KAS) is one of the essential enzymes in the synthesis of mycolic acids (MASs) in Mycobacterium spp. and has been chosen as the target for therapeutic intervention in mycobacterial diseases.

Structural-guided design to improve the catalytic performance of aldo-keto reductase KdAKR.

Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are important biocatalysts that can be used to synthesize chiral pharmaceutical alcohols. In this study, the catalytic activity and stereoselectivity of a NADPH-dependent AKR from Kluyveromyces dobzhanskii (KdAKR) toward t-butyl 6-chloro (5S)-hydroxy-3-oxohexanoate ((5S)-CHOH) were improved by mutating its residues in the loop regions around the substrate-binding pocket. And the thermostability of KdAKR was improved by a consensus sequence method targeted on the flexible regions.

Interfacial engineering of CoP/CoS heterostructure for efficiently electrocatalytic pH-universal hydrogen production.

The design and development of high-performance, low-cost catalysts with long-term durability are crucial for hydrogen generation from water electrolysis. Interfacial engineering is an appealing strategy to boost the catalytic performance of electrode materials toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we report a simple phosphidation followed by sulfidation treatment to construct heterogeneous cobalt phosphide-cobalt sulfide nanowire arrays on carbon cloth (CoP/CoS/CC).

Recent advances in structure-based enzyme engineering for functional reconstruction.

Structural information can help engineer enzymes. Usually, specific amino acids in particular regions are targeted for functional reconstruction to enhance the catalytic performance, including activity, stereoselectivity, and thermostability. Appropriate selection of target sites is the key to structure-based design, which requires elucidation of the structure-function relationships.

Vaccinia virus induces EMT-like transformation and RhoA-mediated mesenchymal migration.

The emerging outbreak of monkeypox is closely associated with the viral infection and spreading, threatening global public health. Virus-induced cell migration facilitates viral transmission. However, the mechanism underlying this type of cell migration remains unclear.

Diagnostic value of preoperative examination for evaluating margin status in breast cancer.

Background: A positive resection margin is a major risk factor for local breast cancer recurrence after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Preoperative imaging examinations are frequently employed to assess the surgical margin.

Aim: To investigate the role and value of preoperative imaging examinations [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), molybdenum target, and ultrasound] in evaluating margins for BCS.