Comparative Mitogenome of Phylogenetic Relationships and Divergence Time Analysis within Potamanthidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera).

Potamanthidae belongs to the superfamily Ephemeroidea but has no complete mt genome released in the NCBI (except for two unchecked and one partial mt genome). Since the sister clade to Potamanthidae has always been controversial, we sequenced seven mt genomes of Potamanthidae (two species from and five species from ) in order to rebuild the phylogenetic relationships of Potamanthidae in this study. The divergence time of Potamanthidae was also investigated by utilizing five fossil calibration points because of the indeterminate origin time.

Fibrosis-4 index is closely associated with clinical outcomes in acute cardioembolic stroke patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

Liver cirrhosis is a confirmed risk factor for poor prognosis of stroke; however, the contribution of clinically inapparent liver fibrosis to cardioembolic stroke (CES) and its outcomes are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the associations between liver fibrosis-measured by the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score-and stroke severity and short-term clinical outcomes of patients with acute CES due to nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). A total of 522 patients were followed for a median of 90 days.

Association between Phenotypic Age and Mortality in Patients with Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: Chronological age (CA) is not a perfect proxy for the true biological aging status of the body. A new biological aging measure, phenotypic age (PhenoAge), has been shown to capture morbidity and mortality risk in the general US population and diverse subpopulations. This study was aimed at evaluating the association between PhenoAge and long-term outcome of patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD).

Association between sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease among middle-aged and older adults: Findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study.

Background: Little is known about the association between sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among middle-aged and older adults. Using the nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we conducted cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to investigate the association between sarcopenia status and CVD in middle-aged and older Chinese population.

Methods: The sample comprised 15,137 participants aged at least 45 years from the CHARLS 2015.

Cardiometabolic diseases, frailty, and healthcare utilization and expenditure in community-dwelling Chinese older adults.

This study investigated associations between cardiometabolic diseases, frailty, and healthcare utilization and expenditure among Chinese older adults. The participants were 5204 community-dwelling adults aged at least 60 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Five cardiometabolic diseases were assessed including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, cardiac diseases and stroke.

Survival Benefit and Genetic Profile of Pemetrexed as Initial Chemotherapy in Selected Chinese Patients With Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma.

This study investigated survival in selected Chinese patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma who received initial chemotherapy with pemetrexed. We also explored the relationship between genetic biomarkers and pemetrexed efficacy. We retrospectively collected patients ( = 1,047) enrolled in the Chinese Patient Assistance Program from multiple centers who received pemetrexed alone or combined with platinum as initial chemotherapy and continued pemetrexed maintenance therapy for advanced lung adenocarcinoma from November 2014 to June 2017.

[Removal of Nitrogen in Municipal Secondary Effluent by a Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland Associated with Iron-carbon Internal Electrolysis].

Aiming at the problem of high concentration of total nitrogen (TN) and low available carbon source for microorganisms in municipal secondary effluent, the vertical flow constructed wetland associated with iron-carbon internal electrolysis (ICIE-VFCW) was applied to investigate the removal efficiencies of pollutants in municipal secondary effluent. Moreover, the mechanism for enhanced nitrogen removal was primarily discussed by the applications of UV visible spectrum (UV-VIS) and gel filtration chromatography (GFC). The results showed that the ICIE-VFCW could improve the COD removal efficiencies and the effluent COD of less than 30 mg·Lcould be stably obtained.

[Mechanism on Enhanced Nitrogen Removal in Municipal Secondary Effluent via Internal-Electrolysis Constructed Wetlands at Low Temperature in Winter].

Aiming at the low pollutant removal efficiency of constructed wetlands (CWs) at low temperature in winter, three laboratory-scale vertical-flow CWs, namely unplanted CWs, ordinary CWs, and internal-electrolysis CWs, were used to investigate the nitrogen removal efficiency of municipal secondary effluent when the water temperature was 3-12℃. Moreover, the mechanism of enhanced denitrification of the new wetland was revealed through analysis of the microbial community diversity and community structure. The results showed that the internal-electrolysis CWs could make better use of the carbon sources in the municipal secondary effluent and had a higher removal rate.

The mitochondrial genome of sp. (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae) and the phylogeny of Ephemeroptera in Pterygota.

The phylogenetic relationship between Ephemeroptera (mayflies) and Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) remains hotly debated in the insect evolution community. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of sp. (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae) to discuss the phylogenetic relationship of Palaeoptera.

Response of Aerobic Granular Sludge to the Long-Term Presence of CuO NPs in A/O/A SBRs: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal, Enzymatic Activity, and the Microbial Community.

The increasing use of cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) has raised concerns about their potential environmental toxicity. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a special form of microbial aggregates. In this study, the removal efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus, enzyme activities and microbial community of AGS under long-term exposure to CuO NPs (at concentrations of 5, 20, 50 mg/L) in aerobic/oxic/anoxic (A/O/A) sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were investigated.

β-Elemene Inhibits Cell Proliferation by Regulating the Expression and Activity of Topoisomerases I and IIα in Human Hepatocarcinoma HepG-2 Cells.

Objective: To investigate the effects of β-Elemene (β-ELE) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and topoisomerase I (TOPO I) and topoisomerase IIα (TOPO IIα) expression and activity of human hepatocarcinoma HepG-2 cells.

Methods: After treatment with β-ELE, morphological alterations of HepG-2 cells were observed under an inverted microscope. Cell proliferation was assessed using an MTT assay, cell cycles were analyzed using flow cytometry, and apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI staining.

Effect of NF- κ B inhibitor PDTC on VEGF and endostatin expression of mice with Lewis lung cancer.

Objective: To investigate the effects of NF- κ B inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate hydrochloride (PDTC) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endostatin expression in mice with Lewis lung cance; and its mechanism.

Methods: Mice survival rate and anti-tumor effects were observed in different concentrations of NF- κ B inhibitor PDTC after the Lewis lung cancer mice model was established. VEGF and endostatin expressions were detected by immunohistochemical assay.

Lipidomics investigation of reversal effect of glycyrrhizin (GL) towards lithocholic acid (LCA)-induced alteration of phospholipid profiles.

Context: Glycyrrhizin (GL), the major ingredient isolated from licorice, exerts multiple pharmacological activities.

Objective: To elucidate the protective mechanism of GL towards lithocholic acid (LCA)-induced liver toxicity using lipidomics.

Materials And Methods: GL (200 mg/kg) dissolved in corn oil was treated intraperitoneally for 7 d.

Targeted metabolomic study indicating glycyrrhizin’s protection against acetaminophen-induced liver damage through reversing fatty acid metabolism.

The present study aimed to give a short report on a possible mechanism of glycyrrhizin to acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity. Seven-day intraperitoneal administration of glycyrrhizin (400 mg/kg/day) to 2- to 3-month-old male C57BL/6N mice (mean weight 27 g) significantly prevents acetaminophen-induced liver damage, as indicated by the activity of alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase. Metabolomics analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) using ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled to triple time-of-flight mass spectrometer were performed.

Biotransformation of glucoaurantio-obtusin towards aurantio-obtusin increases the toxicity of irinotecan through increased inhibition towards SN-38 glucuronidation.

The present study aims to investigate the influence of irinotecan's toxicity by the biotransformation of glucoaurantio-obtusin to aurantio-obtusin. Intraperitoneal administration (i.p.

In vitro characterization of glucuronidation of vanillin: identification of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and species differences.

Vanillin is a food flavoring agent widely utilized in foods, beverages, drugs, and perfumes and has been demonstrated to exhibit multiple pharmacological activities. Given the importance of glucuronidation in the metabolism of vanillin, the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase conjugation pathway of vanillin was investigated in this study. Vanillin glucuronide was identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and a hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by β-glucuronidase.

The use of polyion complex micelles to enhance the oral delivery of salmon calcitonin and transport mechanism across the intestinal epithelial barrier.

The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the effect of polyanionic copolymer mPEG-grafted-alginic acid (mPEG-g-AA)-based polyion complex (PIC) micelles on enhancing the oral absorption of salmon calcitonin (sCT) in vivo and in vitro and identify the transepithelial transport mechanism of PIC micelles across the intestinal barrier. mPEG-g-AA was first successfully synthesized and characterized in cytotoxicity. The PIC micelles were approximately of 72 nm in diameter with a narrow distribution.

Pivotal factors interfering in 24-hour blood pressure fluctuation and arterial stiffness in a community of Chinese elderly hypertensive patients.

Aims And Objectives: To explore which sociodemographic and clinical factors could interfere in the parameters of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and determine the affecting factors of Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index.

Background: Although the clinical relevance of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index have been studied, the explanation of their role and related interfering factors remains controversial in patients with different disease or age, etc.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

[A randomized phase II trial of docetaxel and doxorubicin in treatment for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who have failed previous platinum-based chemotherapy].

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, toxicity and safety of doxorubicin combined with domestically produced docetaxel versus with taxotere, and to investigate whether these two regimens result in similar outcomes in the treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who failed previous platinum-based chemotherapy.

Methods: Eighty-eight NSCLC patients were enrolled into this clinical phase II trial. The patients randomly received either domestic docetaxel (study arm) or taxotere (control arm) at a dose of 70 mg/m2 on D2, while doxorubicin at a dose of 40 mg/m2 on D1 was administered in both groups.

[Docetaxel in the treatment of advanced breast cancer ].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, toxicity and safety of an new domestic docetaxel in the treatment of pretreated advanced breast cancer.

Methods: Fourty-four breast cancer patients who had failed in first-line chemotherapy were included in this trial. They received docetaxel as the second-line chemotherapy.

[Phase II multicenter clinical trial of nedaplatin in the treatment of malignant tumors].

Objective: To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of Nedaplatin (NDP)-based regimen and cisplatin (DDP)-based regimen for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), esophageal cancer and ovary epithelial cell carcinoma.

Methods: Single agent group: NDP was administered at a dose of 100 mg/m(2) on D1, every 3 weeks for at least 2 cycles. Combination chemotherapy group: combined with 5-Fu, NVB, VDS + 5-Fu, PTX or CTX respectively, NDP 80 mg/m(2) on D1 or DDP 30 mg/m(2) on D1-3, every 3 weeks for at least 2 cycles was given.

[Phase II randomized clinical trail of zoledronic acid in treating metastatic bone pain of malignancy].

Background & Objective: Bone metastases are the prevailing reason for pain in patients with malignancies, which seriously affect their life quality. Zoledronic acid, the third generation of bisphosphonates, can inhibit the activity of osteoclasts and relieve pain. This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid in treating metastatic bone pain for patients with malignancies.

[Phase II clinical trial on gemcitabine in the treatment of stage IIIB-IV non-small cell lung cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of domestic Gemcitabine in the treatment of patients with stage IIIB approximately IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: 124 NSCLC patients were randomized into three groups: Group A: single drug group, 40 cases, gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m(2) + NS 100 ml or 200 ml was infused within 30 approximately 60 minutes on D1, 8 and 15, with 28 days taken as one cycle. Group B: combined treatment group, 36 cases, in addition to the above protocol, cisplatin 30 mg/m(2) was infused within 60 approximately 120 min, on D1, 2 and 3.