Risk factors for cerebral palsy in children in Taiwan.

Aim: To determine the significant risk factors of cerebral palsy (CP) in Taiwanese children and the associations between infant-related and parent-related factors.

Method: Data from 1 459 093 infants and their parents in Taiwan's national databases collected between 2009 and 2016 were used. The cohort with CP included children diagnosed with CP between birth and age 3 years; a total of 3254 children with CP were included in the final analysis.

Novel SLC5A6 mutations lead to B lymphocyte maturation defects with metabolic abnormality rescuable by biotin replenishment.

We characterized a family diagnosed with immunodeficiency disease presenting with low immunoglobulin levels and skin dyskeratosis. Exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous missense variants in SLC5A6, the gene encoding a cellular sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT) responsible for transporting vitamins, including biotin (vitamin B7). We showed that the biotin deficiency was caused by the SLC5A6 variants resulting in defective B cell differentiation and antibody deficiency.

The Efficacy of Health Promotion Program Among Parents Who Had Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-Disorder.

Objectives: To explore the effect of health promotion program (HPP) on stress, quality of life, health-promoting lifestyles, and children's attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in parents of children with ADHD.

Methods: Sixty parents of children with ADHD were equally randomized into the intervention (health promotion program) and control (usual care) groups. Outcomes included parents' stress, quality of life, health-promoting lifestyles, and children's ADHD symptoms before, immediately after, and 1, 3, and 6 months after the intervention.

NOX2-Deficient Neutrophils Facilitate Joint Inflammation Through Higher Pro-Inflammatory and Weakened Immune Checkpoint Activities.

Immune-mediated arthritis is an important chronic inflammatory disease of joints causing debilitating morbidity in affected patients. The mechanisms underlying immune-mediated arthritis have been intensively investigated, however the cellular and molecular factors contributing to the joint inflammation in different redox conditions have not been clearly elucidated. Previous research showed that phagocyte-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an anti-inflammatory role in K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis and NOX2-deficient mice tend to have more severe arthritis.

Comparative Risks of High-Grade Adverse Events Among FDA-Approved Systemic Therapies in Advanced Melanoma: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Head-to-head evidence is lacking in comparative risks of high-grade adverse events (AEs) among different systemic treatment options for advanced melanoma. An up-to-date systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with advanced melanoma were eligible if at least one intervention was the Food and Drug Administration-approved targeted or immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Comparative Safety of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors for Cancer Patients: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Comprehensive evidence comparing treatment-related adverse events (trAEs) among PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors is unavailable. A systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted. Randomized controlled trials in cancer patients treated with PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors or their combinations with chemotherapy/placebo and compared with PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors/chemotherapy/placebo were identified through comprehensive searches of multiple databases.

Increased ILC3s associated with higher levels of IL-1β aggravates inflammatory arthritis in mice lacking phagocytic NADPH oxidase.

The role of redox regulation in immune-mediated arthritis has been previously described. However, the relationship between innate immune cells, including innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and phagocyte-derived ROS, in this process remains unclear. Here, we characterize ILCs and measure the IL-1 family cytokines along with other cytokines relevant to ILC functions and development in serum-induced arthritic joints in wild type and phagocytic NADPH oxidase (NOX2)-deficient Ncf1 mice.

Targeted Delivery of Curcumin Rescues Endoplasmic Reticulum-Retained Mutant NOX2 Protein and Avoids Leukocyte Apoptosis.

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency disease caused by defects in the leukocyte NADP oxidase. We previously reported that sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium pump (SERCA) inhibitors could be used to rescue mutant H338Y-gp91phox protein of a particular type of CGD with a mutation, leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention of the mutant protein. In this study, we developed a novel mouse model with the mutation on a Cybb knockout background and investigated the therapeutic effects of ER-targeted delivery of the SERCA inhibitor, curcumin, with poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs).

Psychiatric Disorders After Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan.

Purpose: To investigate the risk for psychiatric disorders in patients newly diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) from two longitudinal groups of children with and without ADHD.

Study Design: In total, 1,745 children newly diagnosed with ADHD and 6,980 participants without ADHD were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database in 2005 and followed until 2010. Risks for psychiatric disorders in the ADHD and non-ADHD groups were compared.

Validity of a Short Food Frequency Questionnaire Assessing Macronutrient and Fiber Intakes in Patients of Han Chinese Descent with Type 2 Diabetes.

Few food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) have been developed to assess diet in diabetes patients. This cross-sectional study examined the validity of a 45-item FFQ assessing the intake of macronutrients against three 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDRs) in Taiwan, and compared vegetable and fruit intakes with carotenoid biomarkers. We recruited 126 adults with type 2 diabetes who completed the FFQ and three 24-HDRs administered by a registered dietitian.

Brain metastasis from renal urothelial carcinoma successfully treated by metastasectomy.

Upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) arises from the urothelial lining of the urinary tract. UTUC spreads in several different ways including direct invasion, lymphatic spread, and hematogeneous metastases. Regional lymph nodes are commonly the initial site of metastasis, followed by the liver, lung, and bone.

Dietary patterns, dietary biomarkers, and kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a repeated-measure study in Taiwan.

Background And Objectives: Western dietary patterns have been linked with kidney disease. This study investigated the association between Chinese dietary patterns and kidney disease in a Taiwanese population with type 2 diabetes and evaluated dietary fatty acid patterns, a kidney-related dietary biomarker.

Methods And Study Design: We recruited 838 patients with type 2 diabetes and used their dietary and renal data obtained from three repeated measures in 2008, 2009 and 2010.

Mycobacterial infection induces higher interleukin-1β and dysregulated lung inflammation in mice with defective leukocyte NADPH oxidase.

Granulomatous inflammation causes severe tissue damage in mycobacterial infection while redox status was reported to be crucial in the granulomatous inflammation. Here, we used a NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-deficient mice (Ncf1-/-) to investigate the role of leukocyte-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mycobacterium-induced granulomatous inflammation. We found poorly controlled mycobacterial proliferation, significant body weight loss, and a high mortality rate after M.

FADS Gene Polymorphisms, Fatty Acid Desaturase Activities, and HDL-C in Type 2 Diabetes.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) correlate with risk of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. Fatty acid desaturase () single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) modulate circulating PUFA concentrations. This study examined influence of and genetic variants on desaturase activities and blood lipid concentrations in type 2 diabetes patients, and further assessed their interrelationships.

Correction: Hyperferritinemia and Hyperuricemia May Be Associated with Liver Function Abnormality in Obese Adolescents.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Molecular Mechanisms of Anticancer Effects of Phytoestrogens in Breast Cancer.

Phytoestrogens derived from plants exert estrogenic as well as antiestrogenic effects and multiple actions within breast cancer cells. Chemopreventive properties of phytoestrogens have emerged from epidemiological observations. In recent clinical research studies, phytoestrogens are safe and may even protect against breast cancer.

Obesity, weight change, and chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A longitudinal study in Taiwan.

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate relationships between the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and obesity and weight changes in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: At baseline (2003-05), 1187 diabetic patients aged 30-70 years were recruited to the study, with follow-up surveys completed in 2008, 2009, and 2010. Chronic kidney disease was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min per 1.

Yoga for asthma.

Background: Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disorder affecting about 300 million people worldwide. As a holistic therapy, yoga has the potential to relieve both the physical and psychological suffering of people with asthma, and its popularity has expanded globally. A number of clinical trials have been carried out to evaluate the effects of yoga practice, with inconsistent results.

Interleukin-6 gene polymorphisms correlate with the progression of nephropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study.

Aims: Interleukin-6 (IL-6), an inflammatory cytokine, is considered a candidate gene possibly involved in susceptibility to nephropathy in diabetes. This study aimed to examine whether IL-6 polymorphisms predict the progression of nephropathy in a prospective Chinese cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A total of 568 type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria at baseline were followed up for a mean of 5.

Yoga for asthma.

Background: Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disorder affecting about 300 million people worldwide. As a holistic therapy, yoga has the potential to relieve both the physical and psychological suffering of people with asthma, and its popularity has expanded globally. A number of clinical trials have been carried out to evaluate the effects of yoga practice, with inconsistent results.

Interleukin-2 as maintenance therapy for children and adults with acute myeloid leukaemia in first complete remission.

Background: Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a malignant cancer of hematopoietic stem cells. The treatment of AML consists of two treatment phases: the remission induction phase to achieve a rapid, complete remission (CR) and the consolidation phase to achieve a durable molecular remission. People in CR are at risk of AML relapse, and people with relapsed AML have poor survival prospects.

Redox Regulation of Pro-IL-1β Processing May Contribute to the Increased Severity of Serum-Induced Arthritis in NOX2-Deficient Mice.

Aims: To elucidate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in arthritis and to identify targets of arthritis treatment in conditions with different levels of oxidant stress.

Results: Through establishing an arthritis model by injecting arthritogenic serum into wild-type and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-deficient mice, we found that arthritis had a neutrophilic infiltrate and was more severe in Ncf1(-/-) mice, a mouse strain lacking the expression of the NCF1/p47(phox) component of NOX2. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in inflamed joints were higher in Ncf1(-/-) than in controls.

Wedelolactone inhibits breast cancer-induced osteoclastogenesis by decreasing Akt/mTOR signaling.

The bone is the most common metastatic site of breast cancer. Bone metastasis causes pain, pathologic fractures, and severely reduces the quality of life. Breast cancer causes osteolytic bone metastasis, which is dependent on osteoclast-mediated bone resorption.