[Effects of regulation measure on soil and microbial biomass of moderately degraded alpine meadow in Qilian Mountain, China].

We examined the effects of different regulation measures (spring rest grazing, spring rest grazing-cutting turf, spring rest grazing-cutting turf-fertilization, spring rest grazing-cutting turf-sowing, spring rest grazing-cutting turf-fertilization-sowing) on vegetation, soil physical and chemical properties, and soil microbial biomass in mode-rately degraded alpine meadow in Qilian Mountain. The results showed that all the regulation measures significantly increased plant coverage and aboveground and underground biomass of degraded alpine meadows. Plant species richness increased significantly under the two measures of spring rest grazing-cutting turf-fertilization and spring rest grazing-cutting turf-fertilization-sowing.

The characteristics of soil fungal community in degraded alpine meadow in the Three Rivers Source Region, China.

To clarify the variation of species composition, diversity, and functional structure of soil fungi community along alpine meadow degradation,we examined the characteristics and controlling factors of soil fungal communities in non-degraded, lightly degraded, moderately degraded, severely degraded and extremely degraded (black soil beach) alpine meadows at the Three Rivers Source Region, based on the high-throughput gene sequencing and FUNGuild functional prediction. The results showed that the dominant phyla in alpine meadow soil were Ascomycota, Basidiomycetes, and Mortierellomycota. Species composition of soil fungal community varied greatly in alpine meadow under different levels of degradation.

[Effects of enclosing on soil microbial community diversity and soil stoichiometric characteristics in a degraded alpine meadow].

Enclosing is an effective rehabilitation measure for degraded pastures that mimics natural recovery of vegetation. To examine the interaction between biotic and abiotic in lightly degraded and enclosing grasslands is helpful for a clear understanding of the structure and function of grassland ecosystem. In this study, soil microbial community and soil stoichiometric characteristics in lightly degraded and 10-year enclosing alpine meadows were studied by high-throughput sequencing and Biolog-Eco methods.

[Characteristics of soil microbes and enzyme activities in different degraded alpine meadows].

Soil microbial biomass C and N, microbial diversities and enzyme activity in 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers of different degraded grasslands (non-degradation, ND; light degradation, LD; moderate degradation, MD; sever degradation, SD; and black soil beach, ED) were measured by Biolog and other methods. The results showed that: 1) There were significant diffe-rences between 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers in soil microbial biomass, diversities and inver-tase activities in all grasslands. 2) The ratio of soil microbial biomass C to N decreased significantly with the grassland degradation.

SpMYB overexpression in tobacco plants leads to altered abiotic and biotic stress responses.

The MYB transcription factors are involved in various plant biochemistry and physiology processes and play a central role in plant defense response. In the present study, a full-length cDNA sequence of a MYB gene, designated as SpMYB, was isolated from tomato. SpMYB encodes the R2R3-type protein consisting of 328 amino acids.