A covalent organic framework-based nanoreactor for enhanced chemodynamic therapy through cascaded Fenton-like reactions and nitric oxide delivery.

Herein, we report a nanoscale composite COF material loaded with copper peroxide (CuO) and nitric oxide (NO) prodrug a stepwise post-synthetic modification. The obtained CuO2@COF-SNO can undergo a cascade reaction in the tumor microenvironment to generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) to enhance chemodynamic therapy of the tumor.

The Role of ClpV in the Physiology and Pathogenicity of subsp. Strain zlm1908.

subsp. () is a Gram-negative bacterium responsible for citrus canker, a significant threat to citrus crops. ClpV is a critical protein in the type VI secretion system (T6SS) as an ATPase involved in bacterial motility, adhesion, and pathogenesis to the host for some pathogenic bacteria.

A lightweight multi scale fusion network for IGBT ultrasonic tomography image segmentation.

The Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) is a crucial power semiconductor device, and the integrity of its internal structure directly influences both its electrical performance and long-term reliability. However, the precise semantic segmentation of IGBT ultrasonic tomographic images poses several challenges, primarily due to high-density noise interference and visual distortion caused by target warping. To address these challenges, this paper constructs a dedicated IGBT ultrasonic tomography (IUT) dataset using Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM) and proposes a lightweight Multi-Scale Fusion Network (LMFNet) aimed at improving segmentation accuracy and processing efficiency in ultrasonic images analysis.

Health-related quality of life and health state utility value in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with high mortality, heavy economic burden, limited treatment options and poor prognosis, and seriously affects the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and life expectancy of patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis of HRQoL and health state utility value (HSUV) in IPF patients and the instruments used in this assessment aimed to provide information sources and data support for the future research on IPF HRQoL and HSUV.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases for studies reporting the HRQoL or HSUV of IPF patients, with the retrieval time from the establishment of each database to April 2024.

Through-tunnel reconstruction with Ligament Augmentation and Reconstruction System (LARS) for managing post-arthroplasty patellofemoral instability.

Background: Despite advancements in prosthetic designs and surgical techniques, patellar dislocation remains a rare but significant complication following total knee arthroplasty, with an incidence ranging between 0.15% and 0.5%.

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 in cancer: Dual roles, mechanistic insights, and therapeutic potential - A comprehensive review.

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) is a key gluconeogenic enzyme that plays complex and context-dependent roles in cancer biology. This review comprehensively examines FBP1's dual functions as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene across various cancer types. In many cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and lung cancer, downregulation of FBP1 contributes to tumor progression through metabolic reprogramming, promoting glycolysis, and altering the tumor microenvironment.

DNA methylation-based age estimation from semen: Genome-wide marker identification and model development.

DNA methylation at age-related CpG (AR-CpG) sites holds significant promise for forensic age estimation. However, somatic models perform poorly in semen due to unique methylation dynamics during spermatogenesis, and current studies are constrained by the limited coverage of methylation microarrays. This study aimed to identify novel semen-specific AR-CpG sites using double-enzyme reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (dRRBS) and validate these markers, alongside previously reported sites and neighboring CpGs, using bisulfite amplicon sequencing (BSAS) to develop robust age estimation models.

The clinical indexes and immunological status of HIV/AIDS patients undergoing different highly active antiretroviral treatments.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the differences of clinical indices in HIV patients between three different first-line antiretroviral treatment strategies in Yunnan Province, China. Furthermore, the hematologic system, liver function, kidney function, blood lipid levels of HIV patients and its association with CD4+ count, CD8+ count, CD4/CD8 ratio and antiretroviral treatment were also assessed.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 81 participants who underwent highly active antiretroviral treatment from September 2009 to September 2019.

Insertional mutagenesis of AIDA or CYP720B1 in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii confers copper(II) tolerance and increased biomass.

The widespread use of copper (Cu) in industrial and agricultural settings leads to the accumulation of excess Cu within aquatic ecosystems, posing a threat to organism health. Microalgal bioremediation has emerged as a popular and promising solution to mitigate the risks. Nevertheless, the genetic underpinnings and engineering tactics involved in heavy metal bioremediation by microalgae remain inadequately elucidated.

The deep learning radiomics nomogram helps to evaluate the lymph node status in cervical adenocarcinoma/adenosquamous carcinoma.

Objectives: The accurate assessment of lymph node metastasis (LNM) can facilitate clinical decision-making on radiotherapy or radical hysterectomy (RH) in cervical adenocarcinoma (AC)/adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC). This study aims to develop a deep learning radiomics nomogram (DLRN) to preoperatively evaluate LNM in cervical AC/ASC.

Materials And Methods: A total of 652 patients from a multicenter were enrolled and randomly allocated into primary, internal, and external validation cohorts.

Progress of CCL20-CCR6 in the airways: a promising new therapeutic target.

The chemokine CCL20, a small cytokine that belongs to the C-C chemokine family, interacts with its homologous receptor CCR6, which is expressed on wide range of cell types. According to current research, the CCL20-CCR6 has been established as acritical player in a diverse range of inflammatory, oncogenic, and autoimmune diseases. Within the respiratory system, CCL20-CCR6 demonstrates heightened expression in conditions such as allergic asthma, chronic airway inflammation, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory diseases, which is conducive to the inflammatory mediators recruitment and tumor microenvironment remodeling.

Pyrazole-Mediated On-Surface Synthesis of Nickel/Nickel Oxide Hybrids for Efficient Urea-Assisted Hydrogen Production.

Creating densely functionalized supported materials without aggregation has been one of the ultimate goals for heterogeneous catalysts. Direct conversion of readily available bulk materials into highly dispersed supported materials could be highly beneficial for real applications. In this work, we invented an on-surface synthetic strategy for generating highly loaded and well-dispersed nickel nanoparticles on nickel oxide supports (Ni/NiO).

Platelet-derived biomaterials for targeted drug delivery and tissue repair.

Platelets are nucleic-free cells with a lifespan of 7-10 days in the bloodstream, playing a crucial role in various physiological processes such as hemostasis, thrombus formation, tumor development and metastasis, inflammation, and host defense. By utilizing the unique structural and functional characteristics of platelets, platelet-modified nano-drugs can evade immune recognition and clearance and facilitate prolonged circulation , which ultimately allows the nanoparticles to reach sites of disease such as thrombi, tumors, inflammation, or bacterial infections, leading to specific adhesion and significantly enhancing the efficiency of targeted drug delivery. This paper reviews the novel design and application of platelet-derived biomaterials in various diseases in recent years and comprehensively demonstrates the potential of platelet-derived biomaterials in the fields of disease therapy and biodefence, which will provide a reference for advancing the development of platelet-derived biomaterials and clinical practice.

Arousal-promoting effect of the parabrachial nucleus and the underlying mechanisms: Recent advances.

The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) is responsible for integrating both internal and external sensory information and controlling/regulating a wide range of physiological processes, such as feeding, thermogenesis, nociceptive and pruritic sensations, and respiration. Recently, the PBN has been found to be involved in mediating wakefulness maintenance, sleep-wake transition, exogenous neuromodulation of awakening, and arousal-promoting process triggered by drastic changes in the internal environments, such as hypercapnia, hypoxia, and hypertension. Multiple neural pathways and subpopulations of neurons are responsible for arousal-promoting effects of the PBN.

[Main active components and mechanism of Sanmiao Pills in treating rheumatoid arthritis].

UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was employed to analyze the chemical components of Sanmiao Pills(SMP) and network pharmacology and animal experiments were employed to investigate the mechanism of SMP in treating rheumatoid arthritis(RA). DisGeNET and SwissTargetPrediction were used to identify the overlapping targets between RA and SMP. Subsequently, a protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was built based on the key targets.

Stage-Specific Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Physiology During the Early Growth Stages of Rice.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), widely utilized nanomaterials, can negatively affect crop growth and development. However, it remains unclear whether crops exhibit similar responses to AgNPs stress at seed germination and seedling stages. In this study, rice seeds and seedlings were exposed to AgNPs, and their growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and antioxidant systems were recorded.

Analogy of C-Pt and C-O Chemical Bonding in the Diatomic CPt and CO.

The conjugate-pair molecules of CO and CPt provide a prototype of the autogenic isolobal relationship between the O and Pt atoms that can rationalize the structure and reactivity trends of platinum carbides. Herein, the photoelectron detachment at 532 nm has been recorded for the gas-phase CPt by using the photoelectron velocity-map imaging spectroscopy. The vibrationally resolved ground-state transition reveals a wealth of information concerning the electronic ground states of CPt.

Advanced susceptibility analysis of ground deformation disasters using large language models and machine learning: A Hangzhou City case study.

To address the prevailing scenario where comprehensive susceptibility assessments of ground deformation disasters primarily rely on knowledge-driven models, with weight judgments largely founded on expert subjective assessments, this study initially explores the feasibility of integrating data-driven models into the evaluation of urban ground collapse and subsidence. Hangzhou city, characterized by filled soil and silty sand, was selected as the representative study area. Nine pertinent evaluation factors were identified, and the RF-BP neural network coupling model was employed to assess the susceptibility of ground collapse and subsidence in the study area, the results indicate that the stacked model achieved a 7% increase in AUC value compared to the single model.

Targeting Fibrosis: From Molecular Mechanisms to Advanced Therapies.

As the final stage of disease-related tissue injury and repair, fibrosis is characterized by excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix. Unrestricted accumulation of stromal cells and matrix during fibrosis impairs the structure and function of organs, ultimately leading to organ failure. The major etiology of fibrosis is an injury caused by genetic heterogeneity, trauma, virus infection, alcohol, mechanical stimuli, and drug.

Atopic dermatitis: pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention.

The skin serves as the first protective barrier for nonspecific immunity and encompasses a vast network of skin-associated immune cells. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin disease that affects individuals of all ages and races, with a complex pathogenesis intricately linked to genetic, environmental factors, skin barrier dysfunction as well as immune dysfunction. Individuals diagnosed with AD frequently exhibit genetic predispositions, characterized by mutations that impact the structural integrity of the skin barrier.

REGγ-mediated Barrier Disruption and NF-κB Activation Aggravates Intestinal Inflammation in Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) stands as the most prevalent and severe gastrointestinal ailment affecting premature newborns, particularly those with extremely low birth weights. Intestinal barrier dysfunction emerges as a crucial factor in NEC's pathogenesis. REGγ predominantly manifests in the intestinal epithelium and has shown to regulate experimental colitis.

Ultra-Antifouling Liquid-Like Surfaces for Sustainable Viscous Water-in-Oil Emulsions Separation and Oil Recovery.

The demand for efficient separation techniques in industries dealing with high viscosity emulsions has surged due to their widespread applications in various scenarios, including emulsion-based drug delivery systems, the removal of emulsified impurities in formulations and oil spill remediation. However, membrane fouling is a major challenge for conventional separation methods, leading to decreased efficiency and increased maintenance costs. Herein, a novel approach is reported by constructing liquid-like surfaces with double anti-fouling structure, incorporating soft nanomicelles within a rigid, chemically cross-linked network for both anti-membrane-fouling and effective viscous water-in-oil emulsion separation.

Liraglutide improves cognition function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by downregulating β-secretase and γ-secretase and alleviating oxidative stress in HT-22 cells.

Diabetes has been regarded as an independent risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Liraglutide could improve cognition in AD mouse models, but its precise mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we used STZ-induced diabetic rats and HT-22 cells to investigate the effects of liraglutide.

Research Progress on the Application of Human Body Surface Microbiome to Forensic Individual Identification.

Skin and hair are the outermost interfaces between the human body and the external environment with many microorganisms distributed. These body surface microorganisms have individual specificity and spatial temporal stability and can be transferred to the surface of other objects through contact, and can be easily found at the crime scene, which helps to construct the connection between the suspect and the crime scene. When the sample is degraded or the DNA quantity is too low to obtain sufficient human DNA evidence, the highly amplified copies of body surface microbiome analysis can be used as an adjunct to human DNA typing without affecting DNA extraction and typing, and provide useful information for narrowing the range of suspects.

A Method for Measuring the Error Rules in Visual Inertial Odometry Based on Scene Matching Corrections.

To address problems in the integrated navigation error law of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), this paper proposes a method for measuring the error rule in visual inertial odometry based on scene matching corrections. The method involves several steps to build the solution. Firstly, separate models were constructed for the visual navigation model, the Micro-Electromechanical System (MEMS) navigation model, and the scene matching correction model.