Development of a web-based high-throughput marker design program: CAPS (cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence) Maker.

Background: Genetic markers are crucial for breeding crops with desired agronomic traits, and their development can be expedited using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics tools. Numerous tools have been developed to design molecular markers, enhancing the convenience, accuracy, and efficiency of molecular breeding. However, these tools primarily focus on genetic variants within short user-input sequences, despite the availability of extensive omics data for genomic variants.

Comparative analysis of stomatal pore instance segmentation: Mask R-CNN vs. YOLOv8 on Phenomics Stomatal dataset.

This study conducts a rigorous comparative analysis between two cutting-edge instance segmentation methods, Mask R-CNN and YOLOv8, focusing on stomata pore analysis. A novel dataset specifically tailored for stomata pore instance segmentation, named PhenomicsStomata, was introduced. This dataset posed challenges such as low resolution and image imperfections, prompting the application of advanced preprocessing techniques, including image enhancement using the Lucy-Richardson Algorithm.

Conferring non-strain-specific resistance to a potyvirus via overexpression of mutant potyviral coat proteins in soybean.

Transgenic soybean (Glycine max) plants expressing mutant potyviral coat proteins that disrupt virion assembly exhibited non-strain-specific resistance against soybean mosaic virus.

SB16 versus reference denosumab in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: 18-month outcomes of a phase III randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, pharmacodynamics (PD), pharmacokinetics (PK), and immunogenicity of SB16 versus reference denosumab (DEN) up to 18 months in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) patients, and assessed outcomes after switching from DEN to SB16 compared to those who continued with DEN or SB16.

Methods: 457 PMO patients were initially randomized, with 407 re-randomized at Month 12 to either continue DEN (DEN+DEN), switch to SB16 (DEN+SB16), or continue SB16 (SB16 + SB16) through Month 18. Efficacy was assessed by the percent change from baseline in bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck.

A Case of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Following COVID-19 Infection Accompanied by Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis in a Kidney Transplant Recipient.

Background: Acute tubular injury is one of the main causes of acute tubular injury (acute kidney injury ) in patients with COVID-19 infection. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is also one of the autoimmune complications of COVID-19. However, AIHA accompanied by acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is rarely reported.

Handgrip strength and diabetes in postmenopausal women: insights from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-2019.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in postmenopausal women in Korea relative to the menopausal duration.

Methods: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2014 and 2019 were analyzed. A total of 4,098 postmenopausal women aged 45 to 65 years were included in the study.

Exploring the Interplay Between Senescent Osteocytes and Bone Remodeling in Young Rodents.

This study identifies senescent osteocytes in the femur and tibia of young rodents and explores their role in bone remodeling. The proximity of osteoclasts to senescent osteocytes was observed, which is a new finding. Cultured osteocytes, sorted using a podoplanin antibody in FACS, exhibited osteocytic characteristics and increased senescence-related genes.

Effect of Adding Cultured Meat Tissue on Physicochemical and Taste Characteristics of Hybrid Cultured Meat Manufactured Using Wet-Spinning.

This study investigated effect of adding cultured meat tissue (CMT; 10%, 20%, and 30%) to plant protein on quality of imitation muscle fiber (IMF) and hybrid cultured chicken meat (HCCM) manufactured using wet-spinning. The composite plant-based protein (CPP) solution consisted of pea protein, wheat protein, and sodium alginate. Adding 10%, 20% and 30% of CMT to CPP significantly reduced pH and Warner-Bratzler shear force of IMF (p<0.

Two-Dimensional Scattering Center Estimation for Radar Target Recognition Based on Multiple High-Resolution Range Profiles.

A new estimation strategy on locations of two-dimensional target scattering centers for radar target recognition is developed by using multiple high-resolution range profiles (HRRPs). Based on the range information contained in multiple HRRPs obtained from various observation angles, the estimated target scattering centers can be successfully located at the intersection points of the lines passing through the multiple HRRP points. This geometry-based algorithm can significantly reduce the computational complexity while ensuring the ability to estimate the two-dimensional target scattering centers.

Development of Smallpox Antibody Testing and Surveillance Following Smallpox Vaccination in the Republic of Korea.

: Despite its global eradication in 1977, smallpox remains a concern owing to its potential as a biological agent, thereby prompting the ongoing development and utilization of its vaccine. Vaccination with the virus induces immunity against variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox; however, this immunity does not extend to viruses of different genera within the family. In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method utilizing virus and recombinant A27L antigen for detecting antibodies against smallpox.

Seed traits inheritance in Moench. based on image analysis method.

Common buckwheat ( Moench.) is one of the most important orphan crops worldwide. Various research efforts have been done to improve cultivation methods to enhance important agronomic traits such as productivity and biotic/abiotic resistance.

Advance computational tools for multiomics data learning.

The burgeoning field of bioinformatics has seen a surge in computational tools tailored for omics data analysis driven by the heterogeneous and high-dimensional nature of omics data. In biomedical and plant science research multi-omics data has become pivotal for predictive analytics in the era of big data necessitating sophisticated computational methodologies. This review explores a diverse array of computational approaches which play crucial role in processing, normalizing, integrating, and analyzing omics data.

Development and Comparative Evaluation of Imitated Fiber from Different Protein Sources Using Wet-Spinning.

Texture is a major challenge in addressing the need to find sustainable meat alternatives, as consumers desire alternative meat to have a sensory profile like meat. In this study, the fabrication of imitated muscle fiber (IMF) is performed by introducing different kinds of protein sources, with an effective bottom-up technique- wet spinning. Herein, the protein sources (pea protein isolate, wheat protein, and myofibrillar paste) were combined with sodium alginate to stimulate the bonding with the coagulation solution for fabrication.

Intraoperative detection of parathyroid glands using artificial intelligence: optimizing medical image training with data augmentation methods.

Background: Postoperative hypoparathyroidism is a major complication of thyroidectomy, occurring when the parathyroid glands are inadvertently damaged during surgery. Although intraoperative images are rarely used to train artificial intelligence (AI) because of its complex nature, AI may be trained to intraoperatively detect parathyroid glands using various augmentation methods. The purpose of this study was to train an effective AI model to detect parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy.

LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1 (LHP1) partially inhibits the transcriptional activation of FT by MYB73 and regulates flowering in Arabidopsis.

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are essential gene repressors in higher eukaryotes. However, how PcG proteins mediate transcriptional regulation of specific genes remains unknown. LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1 (LHP1), as a component of Polycomb Repression Complexes (PRC), epigenetically mediates several plant developmental processes together with PcG proteins.

Comprehensive Review of COVID-19: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Advancement in Diagnostic and Detection Techniques, and Post-Pandemic Treatment Strategies.

At present, COVID-19 remains a public health concern due to the ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and its prevalence in particular countries. This paper provides an updated overview of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of COVID-19, with a focus on the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the phenomenon known as 'long COVID'. Meanwhile, diagnostic and detection advances will be mentioned.

Clinical and microbiological characteristics of persistent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, risk factors for mortality, and the role of CD4 T cells.

This study evaluated the determinants of mortality and the T cell immune response in patients with persistent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). This was a prospective cohort study and patients with confirmed SAB were enrolled from 2008 to 2020. We compared clinical, microbiological, and genotypic features between surviving and deceased patients with persistent SAB.

CLEMENT: genomic decomposition and reconstruction of non-tumor subclones.

Genome-level clonal decomposition of a single specimen has been widely studied; however, it is mostly limited to cancer research. In this study, we developed a new algorithm CLEMENT, which conducts accurate decomposition and reconstruction of multiple subclones in genome sequencing of non-tumor (normal) samples. CLEMENT employs the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm with optimization strategies specific to non-tumor subclones, including false variant call identification, non-disparate clone fuzzy clustering, and clonal allele fraction confinement.

Improving the Traits of (L.) Britt Using Gene Editing Technology.

Plant breeding has evolved significantly over time with the development of transformation and genome editing techniques. These new strategies help to improve desirable traits in plants. Perilla is a native oil crop grown in Korea.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the nodulation-competent zone and inference of transcription regulatory network in silicon applied Glycine max [L.]-Merr. Roots.

The study unveils Si's regulatory influence by regulating DEGs, TFs, and TRs. Further bHLH subfamily and auxin transporter pathway elucidates the mechanisms enhancing root development and nodulation. Soybean is a globally important crop serving as a primary source of vegetable protein for millions of individuals.