Strengthening Transition Metal-Oxygen Interaction in Layered Oxide Cathodes for Stable Sodium-Ion Batteries.

P2-type layered oxides, such as NaNiMnO, represent a promising class of cathode materials for Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to their high theoretical energy density. However, their cycling stability is often compromised by severe phase transitions and irreversible lattice oxygen redox reactions at high voltages. In this work, we develop a Zn and Al codoping approach to design a NaNiZnMnAlO (ZA-NNMO) cathode for stable SIBs.

[Genders characteristics of aerobic endurance exercise performance and autonomic regulation in cold environments].

This study examined the regulatory effects of autonomic nervous system on aerobic endurance exercise performance in cold exposure, focusing on heart rate recovery (HRR) and heart rate variability (HRV) across genders. Thirty participants (17 males and 13 females) from a university track endurance program, classified as exercise grade II or above, underwent monitoring of HRV in time domain, frequency domain, nonlinear correlation indices and 1 min HRR. Measurements were taken before, during, and after aerobic endurance exercise in cold and normal environments, respectively.

Temporal trends of avoidable mortality among children under-five in China from 2004 to 2021.

Background: Avoidable mortality (AM) refers to deaths preventable through effective prevention measures or timely medical treatment, and reducing AM is crucial for improving child survival rates. We conducted an analysis of the situation and temporal trends of AM among under-five (U5) children in China.

Methods: Data were extracted from the China Death Surveillance Dataset.

WCSGNet: a graph neural network approach using weighted cell-specific networks for cell-type annotation in scRNA-seq.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding cellular heterogeneity, providing unprecedented resolution in molecular regulation analysis. Existing supervised learning approaches for cell type annotation primarily utilize gene expression profiles from scRNA-seq data. Although some methods incorporated gene interaction network information, they fail to use cell-specific gene association networks.

Potential role for kynurenine pathway in increased COVID-19 mortality of patients with schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a common psychiatric disorder that has complex pathological mechanisms. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, patients with SCZ had substantially higher rates of infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, as well as higher COVID-19 mortality relative to patients without mental disorders. Previous studies suggested that COVID-19 and SCZ both involve the kynurenine metabolic pathway.

Motivation and Pleasure Domain Links to Social Function in College Students: A Network Analysis.

Evidence suggests that the motivation and pleasure deficit of negative symptoms determines the social functioning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Alexithymia is defined as the diminished ability to identify and describe emotion feelings, and influences patients' social functioning. However, little is known regarding the relationship between motivation and pleasure, alexithymia, and social functioning in nonclinical populations.

Danggui-Shaoyao-San Can Ameliorate Alzheimer's Disease by Inhibiting Hippocampal Neuron Apoptosis: Findings from Serum Pharmacology.

Background: Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription with a history of nearly 2000 years, originally widely used for gynecological diseases, and in recent years research has found that DSS also has a good therapeutic effect on Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Purpose: The objective is to investigate the metabolic components of the DSS in the blood and the potential mechanisms for AD.

Materials And Methods: Liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (LC-MS) combined with gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based non-targeted metabolomics were used to conduct in-depth research.

Effects of proteolysis pretreatment on the formation, structural changes and emulsifying properties of rice glutelin amyloid-like fibrils.

Enzymatic hydrolysis prior to fibrillation can improve the formation capacity of food protein fibrils, which further affects their functional properties. In this study, the effects of proteolysis pretreatment with trypsin on the formation, structural changes and emulsifying properties of rice glutelin (RG) fibrils were investigated. The results showed that the formation of protein fibrils was confirmed by Thioflavin T fluorescence spectra, and the fibril formation capacity was enhanced by trypsin proteolysis pretreatment.

[Mechanism of L-perilla alcohol in intervening hypoxic pulmonary hypertension based on network pharmacology and experimental verification].

The mechanism of L-perilla alcohol(L-POH) in intervening hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPAH) was discussed based on network pharmacology, and experimental verification. The active components and potential targets of the volatile oil of Rhodiola tangutica(VORA) in the intervention of HPAH were screened by network pharmacology. The biological process of Gene Ontology(GO) and the signaling pathway enrichment of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) were analyzed for the core targets, and a "component-common target-disease" network was constructed.

Genetic Study and Prenatal Diagnosis of Inherited Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Disorders due to Novel Variants in Phosphatidylinositol Glycan Genes.

Inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency disorders (IGDs) are a group of rare recessive genetic conditions characterised by developmental delays and an early onset epilepsy caused by disruptions in the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored biosynthetic pathway. In this study, we identified eight variants in phosphatidyl inositol glycan (PIG) genes from four IGDs families through whole-exome sequencing (WES). The variants included one in PIGA, two in PIGW and five in PIGN, with five being novel variants.

Loss of KIFC1 activity induces spindle instability and actin defects during porcine oocyte maturation.

KIFC1 is a motor protein of the Kinesin family and it is involved in spindle apparatus assembly, chromosome arrangement, and microfilament-mediated biological processes in mitosis. However, the specific function of KIFC1 in pig oocytes remains unclear. Here, in order to explore the function of KIFC1 in porcine oocytes, the AZ82 inhibitor was used to inhibit the activity of KIFC1.

gen. nov., sp. nov.: a novel species of a novel genus in the family , isolated from the sediment of a tidal flat located in Zhoushan, China.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated as HZG-20, was isolated from a tidal flat in Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China. The 16S rRNA sequence similarities between strain HZG-20 and RR4-56, NNCM2, P31 and X9-2-2 were 98.9, 91.

Environmentally relevant concentrations of DBDPE (decabromodiphenyl ethane) induce intestinal toxicity in silkworms (Bombyx mori L.).

Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) is one of the most extensively used novel brominated flame retardants, and it has been frequently detected in the global environment. Although organisms encounter various pollutants through the intestine, the toxicity effects of DBDPE exposure on the intestine and the potential mechanisms remain unclear. Here, by morphological observation, histopathology, high-throughput sequencing, and transcriptomics methods, we evaluated the effects of environmental (0.

Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Methylthioether-Containing Cytochalasins from AS-506, an Endozoic Fungus Associated with Deep-Sea Sponge of Magellan Seamounts.

Ten cytochalasin derivatives, including six new methylthioether-containing chaetoglobosins (thiochaetoglobosins A-F, ), a new related congener (18-nor-prochaetoglobosin II, ), and three known unsulfured counterparts (), were isolated and identified from AS-506, an endozoic fungus isolated from a deep-sea sponge, which was collected from Magellan Seamounts in the Western Pacific Ocean. Their structures were determined by extensive interpretation of the spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic data, as well as by ECD calculations. Structurally, thiochaetoglobosins A-F () represent the first examples of chaetoglobosin derivatives containing a methylthioether group in the molecules, while 18-nor-prochaetoglobosin II () is the first 18-nor-chaetoglobosin derivative.

Personalized Vascularized Tumor Organoid-on-a-Chip for Tumor Metastasis and Therapeutic Targeting Assessment.

While tumor organoids have revolutionized cancer research by recapitulating the cellular architecture and behaviors of real tumors in vitro, their lack of functional vasculature hinders their attainment of full physiological capabilities. Current efforts to vascularize organoids are struggling to achieve well-defined vascular networks, mimicking the intricate hierarchy observed in vivo, which restricts the physiological relevance particularly for studying tumor progression and response to therapies targeting the tumor vasculature. An innovative vascularized patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs)-on-a-chip with hierarchical, tumor-specific microvasculature is presented, providing a versatile platform to explore tumor-vascular dynamics and antivascular drug efficacy.

Efficacy and Safety of Juan Bi Pill with Add-on Methotrexate in Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: A 48-Week, Multicentre, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of Juan Bi Pill (JBP) in treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: From February 2017 to May 2018, 115 participants from 4 centers were randomly divided into JBP group (57 cases) and placebo group (58 cases) in a 1:1 ratio using a random number table method. Participants received a dose of JBP (4 g, twice a day, orally) combined with methotrexate (MTX, 10 mg per week) or placebo (4 g, twice a day, orally) combined with MTX for 12 weeks.

Long-Range Temporal Correlations in Electroencephalography for Parkinson's Disease Progression.

Background: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) present progressive deterioration in both motor and non-motor manifestations. However, the absence of clinical biomarkers for disease progression hinders clinicians from tailoring treatment strategies effectively.

Objectives: To identify electroencephalography (EEG) biomarker that can track disease progression in PD.

Lebbeus dentatus n. sp. (Decapoda, Thoridae) described from a seamount of the Caroline Plate, NW Pacific.

Based on the female specimen collected from an unnamed seamount on the Caroline Plate in the NW Pacific, a new species of the thorid genus Lebbeus White, 1847, L. dentatus n. sp.

A new genus and one new species of the family Uristidae Hurley, 1963 (Amphipoda, Lysianassoidea) described from hydrothermal vent of the Okinawa Trough, NW pacific.

A new genus of the family Uristidae Hurley, 1963 is proposed, Liuiuristis gen. nov., with new species L.

Gelation melioration of clam Meretrix meretrix surimi based on the interactions with different plant/animal proteins.

The effects and mechanisms of four exogenous proteins, soy protein isolate (SPI), pea protein isolate (PPI), egg white protein (EWP), and whey protein isolate (WPI), on the gelation of Meretrix meretrix (MM) surimi were investigated. The exogenous protein addition significantly increased the G* of samples to 1.36-1.

NLRP3 activation maintains intestinal epithelial barrier and reduces liver injury in alcoholic liver disease mice.

Background: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) patients with bacterial infections usually exhibit high mortality rates. Infections frequently involve bacteria such as Vibrio vulnificus and Enterococcus faecalis. Nevertheless, the mechanisms predisposing ALD patients to bacterial infections and the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the intestinal epithelial barrier in ALD remain unclear.

Gelation improvement of low-salt Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) surimi gel by L-arginine.

In this study, the effect of L-arginine (L-Arg) on the gel properties of low-salt (NaCl, 0.5 % w/w) Chinese shrimp surimi gel (SSG) was investigated and the mechanism was explored. As the L-Arg concentration was raised from 0 to 0.

Subtle Tuning of Catalytic Well Effect in Phthalocyanine Covalent Organic Frameworks for Selective CO Electroreduction into CH.

In the electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR), the strategic design of a catalytic well capable of regulating the overall confinement effects of catalytic sites holds significant promise for enhancing multiple-electron transfer and C─C coupling efficiency, particularly for the generation of C products. Here, a series of Cu-salphen-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) featuring hydroxyl-induced catalytic well are synthesized, which demonstrate successful application in electrocatalytic CORR to yield multiple-electron transferred products. The meticulously engineered catalytic well, facilitated by multi-hydroxyl groups, manifests robust confinement effects, facilitating selective adsorption, enrichment, and activation of CO, intermediate stabilization, and reduction of energy barriers for electrocatalytic CORR.

Plateau-Rayleigh Instability in Soft-Lattice Inorganic Solids.

Plateau-Rayleigh instability─a macroscopic phenomenon describing the volume-constant breakup of one-dimensional continuous fluids─has now been widely observed in adatoms, liquids, polymers, and liquid metals. This instability enables controlled wetting-dewetting behavior at fluid-solid interfaces and, thereby, the self-limited patterning into ordered structures. However, it has yet to be observed in conventional inorganic solids, as the rigid lattices restrict their "fluidity".

A comprehensive study of Z-DNA density and its evolutionary implications in birds.

Background: Z-DNA, a left-handed helical form of DNA, plays a significant role in genomic stability and gene regulation. Its formation, associated with high GC content and repetitive sequences, is linked to genomic instability, potentially leading to large-scale deletions and contributing to phenotypic diversity and evolutionary adaptation.

Results: In this study, we analyzed the density of Z-DNA-prone motifs of 154 avian genomes using the non-B DNA Motif Search Tool (nBMST).