New perspectives on the glymphatic system and the relationship between glymphatic system and neurodegenerative diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are characterized by the accumulation of aggregated proteins. The glymphatic system, through its rapid exchange mechanisms between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF), facilitates the movement of metabolic substances within the brain, serving functions akin to those of the peripheral lymphatic system. This emerging waste clearance mechanism offers a novel perspective on the removal of pathological substances in ND.

A long-term follow-up study of the changes in localized intravascular coagulation-related indexes after sclerotherapy of venous malformation.

Objective: Localized intravascular coagulation (LIC) is a unique phenomenon associated with venous malformations (VMs). This study investigated the changes in LIC related indexes following sclerotherapy of VMs and its correlation with therapeutic efficacy.

Methods: From August 2019 to September 2023, patients who met the following criteria were enrolled into this study: (1) individuals with venous malformations accompanied by LIC; (2) those who had undergone a minimum of three sclerotherapy sessions; (3) blood coagulation function tests were conducted prior to each treatment; and (4) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were conducted both before and after three times of treatment.

Carbon sink of forest ecosystems: Concept, time effect and improvement approaches.

The widespread utilization of fossil fuels has emitted large amounts of CO into the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution, leading to climate warming and frequent occurrence of extreme climate events. To effectively alleviate climate change, the international community has made various efforts to reduce carbon emissions and eliminate CO from the atmosphere. In 2020, the Chinese government announced that carbon emission peaking and carbon neutrality will be achieved by 2030 and 2060, respectively.

The Imageology Study and Clinical Application of Perforating Branch of Posterior Tibial Artery.

Background: It is necessary to precisely locate the branches for better result of flap transplantation for the high variability of perforating branches of posterior tibial artery (PTA). In the research, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and high-frequency ultrasound are jointly used to study the distribution and exact location of PTA perforating branches to guide clinical practice.

Methods: From January 2020 to December 2022, 16 patients underwent DSA examination and 5 of them accepted further high-frequency ultrasound examination.

[Percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation combined with dual-frequency double-pulse laser lithotripsy for large-diameter common bile duct stones].

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation (PTPBD) combined with flexible ureteroscopy-guided dual-frequency double-pulse ND:YAG (FREDDY) laser lithotripsy (PTPBD-FREDDY) for the treatment of giant (>1.5 cm diameter) common bile duct stones. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 26 patients with large-diameter difficult choledocholithiasis admitted to two medical centers from December 2017 to October 2021.

Ag modified ZnO nanoflower gas sensitive sensor for selective detection of n-butanol.

Ag modified ZnO nanoflowers were successfully prepared by sunlight induced solvent reduction method. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffractometer, field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray spectrum, and the results confirmed the presence of Ag nanoparticles on the ZnO nanoflower. The gas sensing performance of the materials was studied at different operating temperatures and different n-butanol concentrations.

GBA-AAV mitigates sleep disruptions and motor deficits in mice with REM sleep behavior disorder.

Sleep disturbances, including rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), excessive daytime sleepiness, and insomnia, are common non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD). Little is known about the underlying mechanisms, partly due to the inability of current rodent models to adequately mimic the human PD sleep phenotype. Clinically, increasing studies have reported that variants of the glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) increase the risk of PD.

The response of mesophyll conductance to short-term CO variation is related to stomatal conductance.

The response of mesophyll conductance (g) to CO plays a key role in photosynthesis and ecosystem carbon cycles under climate change. Despite numerous studies, there is still debate about how g responds to short-term CO variations. Here we used multiple methods and looked at the relationship between stomatal conductance to CO (g) and g to address this aspect.

Rovibrational Energies of CO Determined with Kilohertz Accuracy.

Accurate spectroscopic data of carbon dioxide are widely used in many important applications, such as carbon monitoring missions. Here, we present comb-locked cavity ring-down saturation spectroscopy of the second most abundant isotopologue of CO, CO. We determined the positions of 88 lines in three vibrational bands in the 1.

APF-S2T: Steering to Target Redirection Walking Based on Artificial Potential Fields.

Redirected walking (RDW) enables users to walk naturally within a virtual environment that is larger than the physical environment. Recently, several artificial potential field (APF) and alignment-based redirected controllers have been developed and have been demonstrated to significantly outperform conventional controllers. APF Steer-to-Gradient (APF-S2G) and APF Redirected Walking (APF-RDW) utilize the negative gradient and the total force vector, respectively, which are localized to the user's position.

Progress about the fibro-adipose vascular anomaly: A review.

Fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA) is a rare and complex vascular malformation associated with persistent pain, limb contracture, and even restriction of activity. However, the pathophysiology of FAVA remains unclear. Although FAVA is a benign vascular malformation, it is highly misdiagnosed and often thus undergoing repeated surgical resection and interventional sclerotherapy, resulting in worsening of symptoms and irreversible dysfunction.

Temperature responses of leaf respiration in light and darkness are similar and modulated by leaf development.

Our ability to predict temperature responses of leaf respiration in light and darkness (R and R ) is essential to models of global carbon dynamics. While many models rely on constant thermal sensitivity (characterized by Q ), uncertainty remains as to whether Q of R and R are actually similar. We measured short-term temperature responses of R and R in immature and mature leaves of two evergreen tree species, Castanopsis carlesii and Ormosia henry in an open field.

Clinicopathological correlations of peritoneal endometriosis and deep infiltrating endometriosis.

Objective: The present study aims to investigate the clinical and histopathological features of peritoneal endometriosis (PEM) and deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE).

Methods: A total of 100 patients with PEM and DIE admitted to Dalian Women and Children's Hospital/Dalian Women and Children's Medical Center between October 2018 and December 2021 were selected as the study subjects. One hundred and thirty-one PEM specimens and 37 DIE were collected, 22 cases of these patients' eutopic endometrium were used as control (15 in PEM, seven in DIE).

Monitoring Eye Movement in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: What Can It Tell Us?

Parkinson's disease (PD) affects approximately 10 million individuals worldwide. Visual impairments are a common feature of PD. Patients report difficulties with visual scanning, impaired depth perception and spatial navigation, and blurry and double vision.

Origins of the short circuit current of a current mismatched multijunction photovoltaic cell considering subcell reverse breakdown.

In the photovoltaic community, short circuit current (I) of a current mismatched multijunction photovoltaic (MJPV) cell was usually thought to be limited by the lowest subcell photocurrent (I). However, under certain conditions for multijunction solar cells, I≠I was observed by researchers, while this effect has not been studied in multijunction laser power converters (MJLPCs). In this work, we provide an in-depth analysis of the formation mechanisms for the I of the MJPV cell by measuring I-V curves of the GaAs and InGaAs LPCs with different number of subcells and simulating the I-V curves with the reverse breakdown of each subcell considered.

Morphology and Phylogeny Reveal Three Species from China and Thailand.

Four stains were isolated from two fresh twigs of and two dead woods during investigations of micro-fungi in China and Thailand. Phylogenetic analyses of four gene regions LSU, ITS, SSU and tef1- revealed the placement of these species in . Based on the morphological examination and molecular data, two new species, and , and a known species are described.

Hederagenin improves Alzheimer's disease through PPARα/TFEB-mediated autophagy.

Background: Autophagic flux is coordinated by a network of master regulatory genes, which centered on transcription factor EB (TFEB). The disorders of autophagic flux are closely associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and thus restoring autophagic flux to degrade pathogenic proteins has become a hot therapeutic strategy. Hederagenin (HD), a triterpene compound, isolated from a variety food such as Matoa (Pometia pinnata) Fruit, Medicago sativa, Medicago polymorpha L.

Additions to (Amphisphaeriales, Sporocadaceae) fungi: two new species and one new host record from China.

Background: In this study, three taxa were identified, associated with leaves of , and .

New Information: Based on morphology and multi-gene analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), beta-tubulin (TUB2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1), the five strains of represent two novel and one known species. They are introduced with descriptions, illustrations and notes herein.

Application value of transcranial contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in evaluating middle cerebral artery stenosis.

Objective: To detect the display rate and flow velocity of intracranial circle of Willis (anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries) with transcranial contrast-enhanced transcranial color-coded sonography (CE-TCCS), using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as the golden diagnostic standard.

Patients And Methods: We collected data from 104 patients with suspected stroke treated in our hospital between December 2019 and October 2021. The detection rate of the intracranial circle of Willis, anterior cerebral artery (ACA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), and posterior cerebral artery (PCA) were analyzed based on routine TCCS and CE-TCCS data.

Assessment of the effectiveness of parent-targeted interventions for the use of child restraint systems: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: It is essential to implement parent-targeted interventions to increase the use of child restraint systems (CRS) and thus reduce the injuries and deaths of children due to motor vehicle collisions. To optimize future intervention designs, this meta-analysis sought to quantify the effects of parent-targeted interventions and explore potential intervention moderators.

Methods: Studies met inclusion criteria if they included a parents-targeted intervention that focused on increasing CRS use for children, published from the inception of the databases to January 2022, were systematically retrieved from the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Sinomed, Wanfang, and CNKI databases.

kHz-precision wavemeter based on reconfigurable microsoliton.

The mode-locked microcomb offers a unique and compact solution for photonics applications, ranging from the optical communications, the optical clock, optical ranging, the precision spectroscopy, novel quantum light source, to photonic artificial intelligence. However, the photonic micro-structures are suffering from the perturbations arising from environment thermal noises and also laser-induced nonlinear effects, leading to the frequency instability of the generated comb. Here, a universal mechanism for fully stabilizing the microcomb is proposed and experimentally verified.

Pestalotioid Species Associated with Medicinal Plants in Southwest China and Thailand.

In this paper, a total of 26 pestalotioid isolates associated with different medicinal plants from southwest China and Thailand were studied. Based on morphological examinations and multigene analyses of three gene loci (, , and ), these 26 isolates represent 17 species distributed in three genera, including seven new species and eight new records. The concatenated three loci tree was used to infer the occurrence of sexual recombination within each pestalotioid genus through the pairwise homoplasy index (PHI) test implemented in SplitsTree.

Fabrication of Beta-Barium Borate Sensing Head for Non-Invasive Measurement of Fluidic Concentration Variations.

In this study, a beta-barium borate sensing head (BBO-SH) was fabricated and evaluated for the measurements of fluidic concentration variations by using a non-invasive technique. The BBO-SH could be coupled to a fluidic container through thin interlayer water in a heterodyne interferometer based on the phase interrogation. To ensure the sensing head's stability, the package of BBO-SH uses the prism and the coverslip bounded with UV glue, which can resist environmental damage due to moisture.

Short- and long-term responses of leaf day respiration to elevated atmospheric CO2.

Evaluating leaf day respiration rate (RL), which is believed to differ from that in the dark (RDk), is essential for predicting global carbon cycles under climate change. Several studies have suggested that atmospheric CO2 impacts RL. However, the magnitude of such an impact and associated mechanisms remain uncertain.