CT- and MRI-based Factors Associated with Rapid Growth in Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background Prediction of the tumor growth rates is clinically important in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but previous studies have presented conflicting results and generally lacked radiologic evaluations. Purpose To evaluate the percentage of rapidly growing early-stage HCCs in each Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) category and to identify prognostic factors associated with rapid growth. Materials and Methods Retrospective study of patients with risk factors for HCC and those with surgically proven early-stage HCC who underwent two or more preoperative multiphasic CT or MRI examinations between January 2016 and December 2020.

Large inferior vena cava thrombosis in a 25-year-old female patient: A case report.

Rationale: The incidence of venous thromboembolism is increasing, and it is more common in older than in younger patients. Inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis is a rare subtype of deep vein thrombosis, and it is associated with a high incidence of arterial and venous thrombosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We present the case of a 25-year-old female patient with a large IVC thrombosis caused by SLE that was intractable to thrombolytic therapy.

Predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: nomograms based on deep learning analysis of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop nomograms for predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), using deep learning analysis of Gadoxetic acid-enhanced hepatobiliary (HBP) MRI.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed patients who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI and hepatectomy for HCC between 2016 and 2020 at two referral centers. Using a deep learning algorithm, volumes and signal intensities of whole non-tumor liver, expected remnant liver, and spleen were measured on HBP images.

Length of Stay, Readmission Rates, and Mortality Are Similar Between Hospitalized Individuals With Sickle Cell Disease With and Without COVID-19.

Background We sought to clarify the impact of COVID-19 on clinical outcomes in sickle cell disease patients, given their baseline hypercoagulable state in combination with COVID-19-related coagulopathies and other complications.  Methods Retrospective chart review of two groups of sickle cell disease patients hospitalized between March 2020 to December 2021: Group 1 did not have COVID-19 (n = 95) and Group 2 did (n = 73).  Results Groups 1 and 2 were similar in terms of age, race, sex, comorbid illnesses, genotype, hydroxyurea use, and opioid use.

FL118 Enhances Therapeutic Efficacy in Colorectal Cancer by Inhibiting the Homologous Recombination Repair Pathway through Survivin-RAD51 Downregulation.

: Irinotecan, a camptothecin (CPT) derivative, is commonly used as a first-line therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC), but resistance remains a significant challenge. This study aims to explore the therapeutic potential of FL118, another CPT derivative, with a focus on overcoming resistance to irinotecan. The effects of FL118 on CRC cells were evaluated, and bioinformatics analysis was performed on RNA-seq data.

Embedded-deep-learning-based sample-to-answer device for on-site malaria diagnosis.

Improvements in digital microscopy are critical for the development of a malaria diagnosis method that is accurate at the cellular level and exhibits satisfactory clinical performance. Digital microscopy can be enhanced by improving deep learning algorithms and achieving consistent staining results. In this study, a novel miLab™ device incorporating the solid hydrogel staining method was proposed for consistent blood film preparation, eliminating the use of complex equipment and liquid reagent maintenance.

Development and Implementation of a Hospitalist Faculty Development Program in a University- and Community-Based Multihospital System.

Objectives: Robust faculty development (FD) is an emerging area of focus within hospital medicine, a relatively new specialty with limited mentorship infrastructure to find and develop a professional niche. There are few descriptions in the literature of establishing and evaluating an FD program with strategies to evaluate success, invite collaboration, and achieve feasible, useful metrics.

Methods: We created our University Division of Hospital Medicine's FD Program to help community and academic hospitalist faculty fulfill professional goals in (and beyond) quality improvement, leadership, education, and clinical skills.

Lead exposure estimation through a physiologically based toxicokinetic model using human biomonitoring data and comparison with scenario-based exposure assessment: A case study in Korean adults.

Pb toxicity is linked to cardiovascular and nephrotoxicity issues. Exposure to this heavy metal can occur through food and drinking water. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate Pb exposure and assess health risks in Korean adults using a physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model.

PAGE: Prototype-Based Model-Level Explanations for Graph Neural Networks.

Aside from graph neural networks (GNNs) attracting significant attention as a powerful framework revolutionizing graph representation learning, there has been an increasing demand for explaining GNN models. Although various explanation methods for GNNs have been developed, most studies have focused on instance-level explanations, which produce explanations tailored to a given graph instance. In our study, we propose Prototype-bAsed GNN-Explainer ([Formula: see text]), a novel model-level GNN explanation method that explains what the underlying GNN model has learned for graph classification by discovering human-interpretable prototype graphs.

PHA-665752's Antigrowth and Proapoptotic Effects on HSC-3 Human Oral Cancer Cells.

c-Met is a tyrosine-kinase receptor, and its aberrant activation plays critical roles in tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastatic spread in many human tumors. PHA-665752 (PHA) is an inhibitor of c-Met and has antitumor effects on many hematological malignancies and solid cancers. However, the activation and expression of c-Met and its role and the antitumor effect of PHA on human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells remain unclear.

Novel Estrogen Receptor Dimerization BRET-Based Biosensors for Screening Estrogenic Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals.

The increasing prevalence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in our environment is a growing concern, with numerous studies highlighting their adverse effects on the human endocrine system. Among the EDCs, estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (eEDCs) are exogenous compounds that perturb estrogenic hormone function by interfering with estrogen receptor (ER) homo (α/α, β/β) or hetero (α/β) dimerization. To date, a comprehensive screening approach for eEDCs affecting all ER dimer forms in live cells is lacking.

Prognostic prediction of sepsis patient using transformer with skip connected token for tabular data.

Sepsis is known as a common syndrome in intensive care units (ICU), and severe sepsis and septic shock are among the leading causes of death worldwide. The purpose of this study is to develop a deep learning model that supports clinicians in efficiently managing sepsis patients in the ICU by predicting mortality, ICU length of stay (>14 days), and hospital length of stay (>30 days). The proposed model was developed using 591 retrospective data with 16 tabular data related to a sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score.

Chemistry-albedo feedbacks offset up to a third of forestation's CO removal benefits.

Forestation is widely proposed for carbon dioxide (CO) removal, but its impact on climate through changes to atmospheric composition and surface albedo remains relatively unexplored. We assessed these responses using two Earth system models by comparing a scenario with extensive global forest expansion in suitable regions to other plausible futures. We found that forestation increased aerosol scattering and the greenhouse gases methane and ozone following increased biogenic organic emissions.

Chemoembolization versus radiofrequency ablation for single small (≤ 3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for patients with single small (≤ 3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and preserved liver function (Child-Pugh class A).

Materials And Methods: The clinical features of treatment-naïve patients who underwent TACE and RFA as first-line treatment were balanced through propensity score matching (PSM). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were local tumor recurrence (LTR) and recurrence-free survival (RFS).

Engineering of Cell Derived-Nanovesicle as an Alternative to Exosome Therapy.

Background: Exosomes, nano-sized vesicles ranging between 30 and 150 nm secreted by human cells, play a pivotal role in long-range intercellular communication and have attracted significant attention in the field of regenerative medicine. Nevertheless, their limited productivity and cost-effectiveness pose challenges for clinical applications. These issues have recently been addressed by cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNs), which are physically synthesized exosome-mimetic nanovesicles from parent cells, as a promising alternative to exosomes.

Risk of complications in panfacial bone fracture according to surgeons: A meta-analysis.

Background: Panfacial bone fractures pose intricate challenges because of severe fragmentation and the loss of landmarks. Surgeons use a variety of reduction techniques, including bottom-up and top-down approaches. This single proportional meta-analysis explores sequencing differences and complications between oral and maxillofacial surgery surgeons (OMSs) and plastic and reconstructive surgeons (PRSs) in treating panfacial bone fractures.

Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2018 for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma in alcoholic liver cirrhosis and virus-related cirrhosis.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) v2018 for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ≤ 3.0 cm on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI according to the etiology of cirrhosis.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) and 37 with hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis (HCV) who underwent preoperative MRI and subsequent surgical resection or transplantation were included.

Neonatal outcomes of early preterm births according to the delivery indications.

Objective: To compare the neonatal outcomes of early preterm births according to delivery indications and determine the obstetric risk factors associated with adverse outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively studied pregnancies delivered between 22 + 0 and 26 + 6 weeks at the tertiary center between April 2013 and April 2022. Stillbirths, elective termination of pregnancy, and multifetal pregnancies were excluded.

Radiofrequency ablation of subcapsular versus nonsubcapsular hepatocellular carcinomas ≤ 3 cm: analysis of long-term outcomes from two large-volume liver centers.

Objectives: To compare the safety and efficacy of RFA for single HCCs ≤ 3 cm in subcapsular versus nonsubcapsular locations using a propensity score matched analysis.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included patients with solitary HCCs ≤ 3 cm in size who underwent percutaneous RFA from 2005 to 2015 as initial treatment at two large-volume liver centers. Patients were divided into two groups, consisting of those with subcapsular and nonsubcapsular tumor locations.

LI-RADS threshold growth based on tumor growth rate can improve the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma ≤ 3.0 cm.

Objective: Despite the revision of threshold growth (TG) in the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018, the appropriate time period between the two examinations for TG has not been determined. We compared the accuracy of LI-RADS with TG based on tumor growth rate for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with that of LI-RADS v2018 based on the original TG.

Methods: Patients who underwent preoperative MRI for focal solid lesions (≤ 3.

Suboptimal performance of LI-RADS v2018 on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma in liver transplant candidates.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018 on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI, comparing liver transplant candidates (LT group) with patients who underwent surgical resection (SR group), and to determine significant clinical factors for diagnostic performance of LI-RADS v2018.

Methods: Patients who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI and subsequent SR or LT for HCC were retrospectively included between January 2019 and December 2020. The sensitivity and specificity of LI-RADS LR-5 for HCC were compared between the two groups using generalized estimating equations.

Presentations, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Post-COVID Viral Myocarditis in the Inpatient Setting: A Narrative Review.

While coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection rates have declined, and mortality outcomes have improved with vaccines, targeted antiviral therapies, and improved care practices over the course of the pandemic, post-acute sequelae of SARS CoV-2 infection (PASC, also referred to as "long COVID") has emerged as a significant concern, even among individuals who appear to have fully recovered from their initial infection. Acute COVID-19 infection is associated with myocarditis and cardiomyopathies, but the prevalence and presentation of post-infectious myocarditis are unclear. We provide a narrative review of post-COVID myocarditis, including symptoms and signs, physical exam findings, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.