Correction: Hong et al. Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Licochalcone A through ROS-Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cells. 2019, , 3820.

In the original publication [...

Mitigation of high-fat diet-induced sarcopenia by fruit extracts via autophagic flux and mitochondrial quality control.

Unlabelled: Sarcopenic obesity, encompassing both muscle wasting and obesity, is relevant across individuals. (TS) has been shown to regulate glucose and lipid metabolisms. However, the efficacy and mechanisms of TS fruit (TSF) in sarcopenic obesity are unclear.

The correlation between LAG-3 expression and the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy in advanced biliary tract cancer.

In our previous phase II T1219 trial for advanced biliary tract cancer (ABTC), the combination of nivolumab with modified gemcitabine and S-1 exhibited promising efficacy, while the programmed-death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression did not predict chemoimmunotherapy efficacy. Lymphocyte-activation-gene-3 (LAG-3), a negative immune checkpoint, is frequently co-expressed with PD-L1. This study assessed the predictive value of LAG-3 expression in ABTC patients who received chemoimmunotherapy.

Downregulation of PAX1 in OSCC Enhances Stemness and Immunosuppression via IFIT1 and PD-L1 Pathways.

Objective: Our study investigated how arecoline-induced extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion suppresses PAX1 protein production through DNA hypermethylation and examined whether PAX1 downregulation enhances cancer stemness and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment.

Materials And Methods: EVs were isolated from SAS/TW2.6 cancer cell lines using ultracentrifugation and identified using transmission electron microscopy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced severe epidermal necrolysis mediated by macrophage-derived CXCL10 and abated by TNF blockade.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) represent new anticancer agents and have been used worldwide. However, ICI can potentially induce life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR), such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), hindering continuous ICI therapy. We examine 6 cohorts including 25 ICI-induced SJS/TEN patients and conduct single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis, which shows overexpression of macrophage-derived CXCL10 that recruits CXCR3 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in blister cells from ICI-SJS/TEN skin lesions.

Efficacy in predicting mortality of patients with heart failure using heart rate before intensive care unit discharge: a retrospective cohort study from MIMIC-IV Database.

Objective: Heart rate serves as a critical prognostic factor in heart failure (HF) patients. We hypothesise that elevated heart rate in critically ill HF patients on discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU) could be linked to adverse outcomes.

Design: A single-centre retrospective cohort study.

Structures of Polyacetoxybriaranes Extracted from the Sea Whip Octocoral Junceella fragilis.

In the present study, an algae-containing octocoral, Junceella fragilis, was subjected to chemical screening. The analysis resulted in the extraction of six polyacetoxybriaranes: a new compound, identified as fragilide Z (1), alongside previously identified analogs, which included 12-epi-fragilide G (2), fragilide P (3), junceellolide D (4), junceellonoid A (5), and juncin ZI (6). The structures of compounds 2-6 were investigated through single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, whereas that of 1 was examined through two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis.

Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Agonists Reduce Cardiovascular Events in Cancer Patients on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP1a), initially developed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), have shown promising results in reducing cardiovascular events. We aimed to investigate the effect of GLP1a on cardiovascular events in patients receiving ICIs.

Low-molecular-weight polyphenol promotes cell sensitivity to cisplatin and alleviates cancer-related muscle atrophy via NF-κB suppression in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: Drug resistance and subsequent adverse effects, such as cancer cachexia, limit the clinical use of cisplatin. Oligonol® (Olg), a low-molecular-weight polyphenol, exhibits NF-κB inhibitory properties. NF-κB activation has been implicated in cisplatin resistance of cancer cells and skeletal muscle wasting.

Identification of a novel mycovirus belonging to the "flexivirus"-related family with icosahedral virion.

The order currently comprises five viral families with positive-sense RNA [(+)RNA] genomes that infect plants, fungi, and insects. Virion morphologies within the order differ between families, with icosahedral virions in the and filamentous virions in the other families. Despite their different morphologies, these viruses are placed in the same order based on phylogenetic analyses of replicase-associated polyproteins.

Investigating the Relationship Between the Emulsification Parameters and Physical-Chemical Properties of Poly(D,L-lactic acid) Particles for Dermal Fillers.

Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) particles have been applied as dermal fillers for soft-tissue augmentation because they can induce foreign-body reactions, resulting in fibroblast proliferation and collagen formation. Although PLLA and PDLLA fillers are safe and biocompatible, clinical complications such as nodules and granulomas have been reported, possibly due to incomplete reconstitution. PDLLA particles were prepared via emulsification in this study, and three stirring speeds were investigated when adding PDLLA into carboxymethyl cellulose solution.

Application of Microwave-Assisted Water Extraction (MAWE) to Fully Realize Various Physiological Activities of Leaf Extract.

is widely grown in tropical areas worldwide. Studies have demonstrated that extracts of its buds, leaves, and branches obtained through hydrodistillation, steam distillation, or solvent extraction exhibit physiological activities, including anti-melanogenic, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties; nevertheless, such extracts are mostly not effectively collected or adequately utilized. Accordingly, this study applied a rapid, effective, and easy-to-operate microwave-assisted water extraction (MAWE) technique for the first time to prepare leaf extract (MLE) with improved physiological activities.

Artificial digestion represents the worst-case scenario for studying nanoplastic fate in gastrointestinal tract.

Humans may inevitably be exposed to nanoplastics (NPls) through ingestion. The size of NPls significantly influences their absorption efficiency, so understanding behaviors of NPls during digestion is vital for risk assessment. In this study, fluorescent polystyrene (PS) and melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF) NPls were characterized by different techniques after the in vitro digestion process both with and without a standard food model, or with and without pH adjustment in the absence of the proteins.

Comparing the Effectiveness of Online and Face-to-Face Teaching for Medical Students in Shared Decision-Making Communication Skills Training.

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) is crucial in healthcare to facilitate effective communication between providers and patients, aiding in making optimal medical decisions. Communication skills training (CST) can improve physicians' ability in SDM. However, SDM CST for medical students in Taiwan is scarce, and research comparing online versus in-person CST outcomes is lacking.

Breaking the Trade-Off Between Mobility and On-Off Ratio in Oxide Transistors.

Amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOS) are pivotal for next-generation electronics due to their high electron mobility and excellent optical properties. However, InO, a key material in this family, encounters significant challenges in balancing high mobility and effective switching as its thickness is scaled down to nanometer dimensions. The high electron density in ultra-thin InO hinders its ability to turn off effectively, leading to a critical trade-off between mobility and the on-current (I)/off-current (I) ratio.

Immunosuppressants in dermatology on vaccine immunogenicity: a prospective cohort study of pemphigus patients in the pandemic.

Introduction: Both cellular and humoral responses are important for vaccine protection, but recommendations on immunosuppressants in dermatology are largely based on pre-pandemic experiences. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of immunosuppressants on humoral and cellular immunogenicity to COVID-19 vaccinations in pemphigus patients.

Methods: SARS-CoV-2-naïve pemphigus patients and age-, and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited from multiple tertiary medical centers during 2021-2023.

Protocol to measure glucose utilization in mouse tissues using radiolabeled 2-deoxy-D-glucose.

2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) is a glucose analog converted to 2-deoxy-D-glucose-6-phosphate (2DG-6P) by hexokinase in glycolysis. While 2DG commonly measures glucose uptake, 2DG-6P detects glucose utilization. Here, we present a protocol to measure glucose utilization in various tissues after entering a mouse's body using radiolabeled 2DG.

Spint1 disruption in mouse pancreas leads to glucose intolerance and impaired insulin production involving HEPSIN/MAFA.

SPINT1, a membrane-anchored serine protease inhibitor, regulates cascades of pericellular proteolysis while its tissue-specific functions remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we generate Spint1-lacZ knock-in mice and observe Spint1 expression in embryonic pancreatic epithelium. Pancreas-specific Spint1 disruption significantly diminishes islet size and mass, causing glucose intolerance and downregulation of MAFA and insulin.

Colchicine to prevent cardiovascular death after an acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Clinical and experimental evidence have demonstrated the protective benefits of colchicine in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) through its potential anti-inflammatory effect. However, investigations on the Asian population are limited.

Methods: This retrospective longitudinal cohort study used electronic medical records from a tertiary medical center in Taiwan.

Performance Comparison of Junior Residents and ChatGPT in the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) for Medical History Taking and Documentation of Medical Records: Development and Usability Study.

Background: This study explores the cutting-edge abilities of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT in medical history taking and medical record documentation, with a focus on their practical effectiveness in clinical settings-an area vital for the progress of medical artificial intelligence.

Objective: Our aim was to assess the capability of ChatGPT versions 3.5 and 4.

Computed tomography-based pulmonary vasculature analysis of decreased lung perfusion after thoracic radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to quantitatively assess changes in lung perfusion after thoracic radiotherapy in lung cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: Patients underwent chest computed tomography (CT) for pulmonary vasculature analysis before radiotherapy and at 3 and 12 months after radiotherapy. The correlation between the percentage decrease in lung perfusion after radiotherapy and the delivered radiotherapy dose was analyzed.