Are Dietary Patterns Relevant for Reducing the Risk of Fractures and Sarcopenia?

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to summarise recent evidence on the effects of dietary patterns on the risk of bone fractures and sarcopenia.

Recent Findings: Several dietary patterns have been investigated in relation to musculoskeletal health, including Mediterranean Dietary Patterns (MDP), Dietary Inflammatory Indices, vegetarian and vegan diets. Adherence to 'healthier' dietary patterns appears to be protective against fractures and sarcopenia, with the strongest protective associations found between the MDP and fractures.

Self-management behaviors do not affect remission but mediate between mental health and disease outcomes in a longitudinal study of rheumatoid arthritis.

Mental health has been shown to impact rheumatoid arthritis (RA) outcomes and is associated with self-management behaviors. The extent to which mental health impacts outcomes via different self-management behaviours has not been thoroughly investigated. Adult RA patients who were starting a new medication or dosage were recruited to a prospective cohort with follow-ups at 3 and 12-months covering clinical and patient-reported outcomes.

Using cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers to diagnose Alzheimer's disease: an Australian perspective.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are currently the only clinically validated biofluid diagnostic test for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) available in Australia. Testing of CSF biomarkers via lumbar puncture (LP), including quantification of amyloid-β peptide, total tau protein, and phosphorylated tau, can give insight into underlying pathophysiological changes and provide greater certainty in confirming or excluding the presence of Alzheimer's disease changes compared to standard clinical and radiological assessments. Despite CSF analysis being a safe and cost-effective diagnostic method, the use of CSF biomarkers in the evaluation of potential AD remains limited in Australian clinical practice due to a variety of factors, including regional access challenges, concerns over the perceived invasiveness of LP and a lack of confidence among clinicians in interpreting the results.

Lipid production from biofilms of Marinobacter atlanticus in a fixed bed bioreactor.

Background: Biotechnologies that utilize microorganisms as production hosts for lipid synthesis will enable an efficient and sustainable solution to produce lipids, decreasing reliance on traditional routes for production (either petrochemical or plant-derived) and supporting a circular bioeconomy. To realize this goal, continuous biomanufacturing processes must be developed to maximize productivity and minimize costs compared to traditional batch fermentation processes.

Results: Here, we utilized biofilms of the marine bacterium, Marinobacter atlanticus, to produce wax esters from succinate (i.

Development of a model of help-seeking for dementia diagnosis by the person experiencing changes and family supporters.

Objectives: This paper aimed to develop a model to describe help-seeking for dementia diagnosis. The practical model is intended to guide public health interventions to increase help-seeking.

Method: The model was developed by our multidisciplinary team based on qualitative semi-structured interviews in English ( = 33) and Chinese ( = 8) with older people, people with dementia and carers.

Hope for Others: Research Results from the University of Pittsburgh Rapid Autopsy Program for Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer affects 1/8 of women throughout their lifetimes, with 90% of cancer deaths being caused by metastasis. However, metastasis poses unique challenges to research, as complex changes in the microenvironment in different metastatic sites and difficulty obtaining tissue for study hinder the ability to examine in depth the changes that occur during metastasis. Rapid autopsy programs thus fill a unique need in advancing metastasis research.

The perspectives of people living with dementia and their carers on the role of the general practice nurse in dementia care provision: a qualitative study.

Background Models that optimise the role of the general practice nurse have the potential to deliver cost-effective best-practice dementia care in the primary care setting. Patient experience is recognised as a vital contribution to the design, provision and evaluation of healthcare services. The aim of this study was to gain insights into the healthcare needs and experiences of people living with dementia and carers as relevant to the provision of dementia care by general practice nurses.

Heterozygous variant as a novel genetic cause of telomere biology disorders.

Premature telomere shortening or telomere instability is associated with a group of rare and heterogeneous diseases collectively known as telomere biology disorders (TBDs). Here we identified two unrelated individuals with clinical manifestations of TBDs and short telomeres associated with the identical monoallelic variant c.767A>G; Y256C in Although the replication protein A2 (RPA2) mutant did not affect ssDNA binding and G-quadruplex-unfolding properties of RPA, the mutation reduced the affinity of RPA2 with the ubiquitin ligase RFWD3 and reduced RPA ubiquitination.

Improving eye care in an intensive care unit.

In Intensive Care Units (ICUs), patients are at risk of developing ocular complications, especially exposure keratopathy. Plan, Do, Study, Act for PDSA cycle. Despite national guidelines, implementation remains challenging.

ESR1 Fusions Invoke Breast Cancer Subtype-Dependent Enrichment of Ligand-Independent Oncogenic Signatures and Phenotypes.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of female mortality and despite advancements in personalized therapeutics, metastatic disease largely remains incurable due to drug resistance. The estrogen receptor (ER, ESR1) is expressed in two-thirds of all breast cancer, and under endocrine stress, somatic ESR1 mutations arise in approximately 30% of cases that result in endocrine resistance. We and others reported ESR1 fusions as a mechanism of ER-mediated endocrine resistance.

Corrigendum to 'Impact of COVID-19 on immunocompromised populations during the Omicron era: insights from the observational population-based INFORM study' [The Lancet Regional Health - Europe 35 (2023) 100747].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.

Reprint of: Impact of a pharmacist-led weight management service in a cardiology clinic.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) for weight management require frequent dose titration, patient education, and insurance coverage navigation, which pharmacists are well equipped to manage. Data are lacking regarding the benefit of a pharmacist-managed service using GLP-1 RAs for weight loss in a high-risk cardiac population.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-led weight loss service within a cardiology clinic using GLP-1 RAs and lifestyle counseling in patients with overweight and obesity.

Mitochondrial defects and metabolic vulnerabilities in Lynch syndrome-associated MSH2-deficient endometrial cancer.

Unlabelled: Lynch syndrome (LS) is defined by inherited mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes, including and carries 60% lifetime risk of developing endometrial cancer (EC). Beyond hypermutability, specific mechanisms for LS-associated endometrial carcinogenesis are not well understood. Here, we assessed the effects of MSH2 loss on EC pathogenesis using a novel mouse model (PR-Cre , abbreviated Msh2KO), primary cell lines established from this model, human tissues, and human EC cell lines with isogenic MSH2 knockdown.

General practice nurse perceptions of barriers and facilitators to implementation of best-practice dementia care recommendations-a qualitative interview study.

Introduction: With an aging population and a growing prevalence of people living with dementia, the demand for best-practice dementia care in general practice increases. There is an opportunity to better utilise the nurse role within the primary care team to meet this increasing demand in the provision of care for people living with dementia. However, general practice nurses have limited knowledge in the provision of best-practice care for people living with dementia and their carer(s).

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Polymyalgia Rheumatica.

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) immune-related adverse events (ICI-PMRs) represent a novel, distinct entity, despite many clinical, laboratory, and imaging similarities to classical PMR. Important questions remain in differentiating ICI-PMR from classical PMR, as well as other immune-related adverse events and PMR mimics. Despite this, ICI-PMR currently takes treatment cues from classical PMR, albeit with considerations relevant to cancer immunotherapy.

Contemporary Outcomes and Patterns of Injury Associated With Parachuting Accidents.

Background: Skydiving is an increasingly popular recreational activity in the United States and worldwide. While it is considered a high-risk sport, the United States Parachute Association reported a fatality of .28 per 100 000 jumps in 2022.

Inflammation in aortic surgery: postoperative evolution of biomarkers according pathologies and segments of the aorta.

Objectives: Aortic pathologies often present with elevated inflammatory biomarkers due to the nature of the disease. Open aortic surgery causes significant trauma to the body due to often mandatory ischemic periods, long cardiopulmonary bypass times and polytransfusion. We aim to determine postoperative trends on inflammation biomarkers for different aortic pathologies and type of surgery in different segments of the aorta.

SMARCAL1 ubiquitylation controls its association with RPA-coated ssDNA and promotes replication fork stability.

Impediments in replication fork progression cause genomic instability, mutagenesis, and severe pathologies. At stalled forks, RPA-coated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) activates the ATR kinase and directs fork remodeling, 2 key early events of the replication stress response. RFWD3, a recently described Fanconi anemia (FA) ubiquitin ligase, associates with RPA and promotes its ubiquitylation, facilitating late steps of homologous recombination (HR).

Molecular, Metabolic, and Subcellular Mapping of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment via 3D Targeted and Non-Targeted Multiplex Multi-Omics Analyses.

Most platforms used for the molecular reconstruction of the tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME) of a solid tumor fail to explore the spatial context of the three-dimensional (3D) space of the tumor at a single-cell resolution, and thus lack information about cell-cell or cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. To address this issue, a pipeline which integrated multiplex spatially resolved multi-omics platforms was developed to identify crosstalk signaling networks among various cell types and the ECM in the 3D TIME of two FFPE (formalin-fixed paraffin embedded) gynecologic tumor samples. These platforms include non-targeted mass spectrometry imaging (glycans, metabolites, and peptides) and Stereo-seq (spatial transcriptomics) and targeted seqIF (IHC proteomics).