Association of the EAT-Lancet diet, serial measures of serum proteome and gut microbiome, and cardiometabolic health: a prospective study of Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults.

Background: The EAT-Lancet diet was reported to be mutually beneficial for the human cardiometabolic system and planetary health. However, mechanistic evidence linking the EAT-Lancet diet and human cardiometabolic health is lacking.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the role of blood proteins in the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and cardiometabolic health and explore the underlying gut microbiota-blood protein interplay.

A new species in sect. (Begoniaceae) from Guangxi, South China.

Although Guangxi represents one of the distribution centres of begonias in China, the sect. Diploclinium (Wright) A. DC is not well documented herein.

Mammalian cell-based production of glycans, glycopeptides and glycomodules.

Access to defined glycans and glycoconjugates is pivotal for discovery, dissection, and harnessing of a range of biological functions orchestrated by cellular glycosylation processes and the glycome. We previously employed genetic glycoengineering by nuclease-based gene editing to develop sustainable production of designer glycoprotein therapeutics and cell-based glycan arrays that display glycans in their natural context at the cell surface. However, access to human glycans in formats and quantities that allow structural studies of molecular interactions and use of glycans in biomedical applications currently rely on chemical and chemoenzymatic syntheses associated with considerable labor, waste, and costs.

Unveiling the Activity Origin of Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution on Heteroatom-Decorated Carbon Matrix.

Chemical modification via functional dopants in carbon materials holds great promise for elevating catalytic activity and stability. To gain comprehensive insights into the pivotal mechanisms and establish structure-performance relationships, especially concerning the roles of dopants, remains a pressing need. Herein, we employ computational simulations to unravel the catalytic function of heteroatoms in the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), focusing on a physical model of high-electronegative F and N co-doped carbon matrix.

Advances in Inorganic Foam Materials Fabricated Via Blowing Strategy: A Comprehensive Review.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with excellent properties and widespread applications have been explosively investigated. However, their conventional synthetic methods exhibit concerns of limited scalability, complex purification process, and incompetence of prohibiting their restacking. The blowing strategy, characterized by gas-template, low-cost, and high-efficiency, presents a valuable avenue for the synthesis of 2D-based foam materials and thereby addresses these constraints.

Clonal Hematopoiesis is Associated With Severe Cytokine Release Syndrome in Patients Treated With Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CART) Therapy.

Among patients receiving CD19 or B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR T therapy, inflammation pre- and post-CAR T infusion is implicated in the development of toxicities including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and likely contributes to prolonged cytopenias. Clonal hematopoiesis (CH), the clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cells harboring somatic mutations, has been associated with inflammasome upregulation. Herein, we examined the prevalence of pre-CAR T CH in a predominantly transplant-naïve cohort of recipients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) or multiple myeloma (MM), and assessed the relationship between the presence of CH mutations and CAR T-related outcomes including CRS, ICANS, prolonged cytopenia, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Bleeding Risk of Cold Versus Hot Snare Polypectomy for Pedunculated Colorectal Polyps Measuring 10 mm or Less: Subgroup Analysis of a Large Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Concerns regarding bleeding remain in cold snare polypectomy (CSP) for small pedunculated (0-Ip) polyps. The aim of this study was to compare the risk of CSP and hot snare polypectomy (HSP) for such lesions.

Methods: Data on 0-Ip colorectal polyps ≤10 mm were extracted from a large, pragmatic, randomized trial.

Ultrapotent Broadly Neutralizing Human-llama Bispecific Antibodies against HIV-1.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies are proposed as therapeutic and prophylactic agents against HIV-1, but their potency and breadth are less than optimal. This study describes the immunization of a llama with the prefusion-stabilized HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimer, BG505 DS-SOSIP, and the identification and improvement of potent neutralizing nanobodies recognizing the CD4-binding site (CD4bs) of vulnerability. Two of the vaccine-elicited CD4bs-targeting nanobodies, G36 and R27, when engineered into a triple tandem format with llama IgG2a-hinge region and human IgG1-constant region (G36×3-IgG2a and R27×3-IgG2a), neutralized 96% of a multiclade 208-strain panel at geometric mean ICs of 0.

Edoxaban, Rivaroxaban, or Apixaban for Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism in the Real World: Insights from the COMMAND VTE Registry-2.

Background:  Real-world data on clinical characteristics and outcomes related to the use of different direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is lacking.

Methods:  The COMMAND VTE Registry-2 is a multicenter registry enrolling 5,197 consecutive patients with acute symptomatic VTE from 31 centers in Japan from January 2015 to August 2020. Our study population comprised 1,197 patients with active cancer who were divided into the edoxaban ( = 643, 54%), rivaroxaban ( = 297, 25%), and apixaban ( = 257, 22%) groups.

Superb microvascular imaging for evaluating the activity of juvenile localised scleroderma: a preliminary study.

Objectives: To investigate microvascular changes in juvenile localised scleroderma (JLS) lesions using superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and assess SMI's utility in evaluating disease activity.

Methods: This prospective study enroled 16 children (7 males) with pathologically diagnosed JLS between January 2021 and June 2023. Lesions were assessed using Localised Scleroderma Cutaneous Assessment Tools, including the localised scleroderma skin activity index (LoSAI) and localised scleroderma skin damage index (LoSDI).

Rare-Earth Metal Complexes Supported by A Tridentate Amidinate Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Comparison in Isoprene Polymerization.

To systematically investigate the dependence of the initiating group and metal size on polymerization performance, a family of rare-earth metal bis(alkyl)/bis(benzyl)/bis(amide) complexes supported by a monoanionic tridentate amidinate ligand [(2,6-PrCH)NC(Ph)N(CH-2-OMe] () were synthesized and well-characterized. Treatment of rare-earth metal tris(alkyl)/tris(benzyl)/tris(amide) complexes Y(CHCHNMe-) or Y(CHSiMe)(THF) or Ln[N(SiHMe)](THF) (Ln = Sc, x = 1; Ln = Y, La, Sm, Lu, x = 2) with 1 equiv of gave the corresponding mono(amidinate) rare-earth metal bis(alkyl)/bis(benzyl)/bis(amide) complexes [(2,6-PrCH)NC(Ph)N(CH-2-OMe)]Y(CHCHNMe-) (), [(2,6-PrCH)NC(Ph)N(CH-2-OMe)]Y(CHSiMe)(THF) (), and [(2,6-PrCH)NC(Ph)N(CH-2-OMe)]Ln[N(SiHMe)](THF) (Ln = Y, = 1 (); Ln = La, = 1 (); Ln = Sc, = 0 (); Ln = Lu, = 0 (); Ln = Sm, = 0 ()) in good isolated yields. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Asymmetric XMoGeY (X = S, Se, Te; Y = N, P, As) monolayers as potential flexible materials for nano piezoelectric devices and nanomedical sensors.

Highly efficient nano piezoelectric devices and nanomedical sensors are in great demand for high-performance piezoelectric materials. In this work, we propose new asymmetric XMoGeY (X = S, Se, Te; Y = N, P, As) monolayers with excellent piezoelectric properties, dynamic stability and flexible elastic properties. The piezoelectric coefficients () of XMoGeY monolayers range from 2.

Asparagine Synthetase Marks a Distinct Dependency Threshold for Cardiomyocyte Dedifferentiation.

Background: Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes have limited proliferative capacity, but in specifically induced contexts they traverse through cell-cycle reentry, offering the potential for heart regeneration. Endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation is preceded by cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation (CMDD), wherein adult cardiomyocytes revert to a less matured state that is distinct from the classical myocardial fetal stress gene response associated with heart failure. However, very little is known about CMDD as a defined cardiomyocyte cell state in transition.

Intravenous administration of IL-12 encoding self-replicating RNA-lipid nanoparticle complex leads to safe and effective antitumor responses.

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a potent immunostimulatory cytokine mainly produced by antigen-presenting cells (e.g., dendritic cells, macrophages) and plays an important role in innate and adaptive immunity against cancers.

Pharmacokinetics and exposure-safety relationship of ciprofol for sedation in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit.

Ciprofol (HSK3486) is a newly developed, highly selective γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA) receptor potentiator that is recently approved for a new indication of sedation for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) in China. This analysis aimed to characterize the population pharmacokinetics (PopPKs) of ciprofol and evaluate the relationship of exposure with hypotension in mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU. A total of 462 subjects with 3918 concentration measurements from two clinical trials of mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU, four clinical trials of elective surgical patients, and six clinical trials of healthy subjects were used in the PopPK analysis.

Multi-parametric investigations on the effects of vascular disrupting agents based on a platform of chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos.

Background: Vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) are known to specifically target preexisting tumoural vasculature. However, systemic side effects as safety or toxicity issues have been reported from clinical trials, which call for further preclinical investigations. The purpose is to gain insights into their non-specific off-targeting effects on normal vasculature and provide clues for exploring underlying molecular mechanisms.

Inhibition of IL-1 Ameliorates Cardiac Dysfunction and Arrhythmias in a Murine Model of Kawasaki Disease.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness and systemic vasculitis often associated with cardiac sequelae, including arrhythmias. Abundant evidence indicates a central role for IL (interleukin)-1 and TNFα (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) signaling in the formation of arterial lesions in KD. We aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the development of electrophysiological abnormalities in a murine model of KD vasculitis.

Biomarker Changes during 20 Years Preceding Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Biomarker changes that occur in the period between normal cognition and the diagnosis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease have not been extensively investigated in longitudinal studies.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, nested case-control study of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in cognitively normal participants who were enrolled in the China Cognition and Aging Study from January 2000 through December 2020. A subgroup of these participants underwent testing of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), cognitive assessments, and brain imaging at 2-year-to-3-year intervals.