Relation between uric acid and stroke in aortic dissection.

Background: Stroke is one of the severe complications following surgery in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). This study investigates the relationship between the preoperative serum uric acid to serum creatinine ratio (SUA/Scr) and postoperative stroke in patients undergoing total arch replacement with elephant trunk implantation for aortic dissection.

Methods: We included ATAAD patients who were hospitalized and underwent surgery between June 1, 2015 and June 1, 2023, with complete clinical information.

Safety and Efficacy of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients With Intravenous Thrombolysis: The SERIC-IVT Trial.

Background: Approximately half of the patients with acute ischemic stroke who receive intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) do not achieve an excellent outcome. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) as a promising neuroprotective treatment may improve clinical outcomes in this population. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of RIC in patients with IVT.

BRISC-Mediated PPM1B-K63 Deubiquitination and Subsequent TGF-β Pathway Activation Promote High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet-Induced Arterial Stiffness.

Background: Metabolic syndrome heightens cardiovascular disease risk primarily through increased arterial stiffness. We previously demonstrated the involvement of YAP (Yes-associated protein) in high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HFHSD)-induced arterial stiffness via modulation of PPM1B (protein phosphatase Mg/Mn-dependent 1B)-lysine63 (K63) deubiquitination. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role and mechanisms underlying PPM1B deubiquitination in HFHSD-induced arterial stiffness.

Serum GFAP and UCH-L1 Levels for the Assessment of the Absence of Hemorrhagic Transformation: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Currently, validated biomarkers for assessing hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) are lacking. We aimed to validate a test combining GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and UCH-L1 (ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1) to indicate the absence of HT after IVT.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with stroke treated with IVT from 16 hospitals.

Clinical Outcomes of Deferred Lesions by IVUS Versus FFR-Guided Treatment Decision.

Background: There are limited data regarding the safety of deferral of percutaneous coronary intervention based on intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) findings. The current study sought to compare the prognosis between deferred lesions based on IVUS and fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided treatment decision.

Methods: This study is a post hoc analysis of the FLAVOUR randomized trial (Fractional Flow Reserve and Intravascular Ultrasound for Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Intermediate Stenosis) that compared 2-year clinical outcomes between IVUS- and FFR-guided treatment decision on intermediate coronary artery lesions using predefined criteria.

MRI-Based Radiomics and Delta-Radiomics Models of the Patella Predict the Radiographic Progression of Osteoarthritis: Data From the FNIH OA Biomarkers Consortium.

Rationale And Objectives: To analyse the MRI-based radiomics and delta-radiomics features to establish radiomics models for predicting the radiographic progression of osteoarthritis (OA).

Materials And Methods: The data used in this research come from the dataset of the FNIH Biomarker Consortium Project within the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). 565 participants randomly divided into training and validation groups at a 7:3 ratio.

Systolic Blood Pressure Time in Target Range and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Hypertension: Insights From the SPRINT Trial.

Background: Systolic blood pressure (SBP) time in target range (TTR) indicates the mean value, exposure time, and variability in blood pressure over time. The prognostic value of SBP TTR for incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with hypertension is unclear.

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis of SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial), a randomized controlled trial comparing intensive (<120 mm Hg) and standard (<140 mm Hg) SBP interventions in participants with hypertension.

Expanded vacuum-stable gels for multiplexed high-resolution spatial histopathology.

Cellular organization and functions encompass multiple scales in vivo. Emerging high-plex imaging technologies are limited in resolving subcellular biomolecular features. Expansion Microscopy (ExM) and related techniques physically expand samples for enhanced spatial resolution, but are challenging to be combined with high-plex imaging technologies to enable integrative multiscaled tissue biology insights.

Systolic Blood Pressure Time in Target Range and Cognitive Outcomes: Insights From the SPRINT MIND Trial.

Background: The prognostic value of systolic blood pressure (SBP) time in target range (TTR) on cognitive outcomes among adults with hypertension remains unclear.

Methods: We performed secondary analysis of SPRINT MIND (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial Memory and Cognition in Decreased Hypertension), which compared intensive (<120 mm Hg) versus standard (<140 mm Hg) SBP intervention in hypertensive individuals. TTR was calculated from baseline to month 3 using 110 to 130 mm Hg and 120 to 140 mm Hg as target range for the intensive and standard groups, respectively.

Diastolic Blood Pressure and Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Cognitive Outcomes: Insights From the SPRINT MIND Trial.

Background: The potential benefits or harms of intensive systolic blood pressure (BP) control on cognitive function and cerebral blood flow in individuals with low diastolic blood pressure (DBP) remain unclear.

Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of the SPRINT MIND (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial Memory and Cognition in Decreased Hypertension) that randomly assigned hypertensive participants to an intensive (<120 mm Hg; n=4278) or standard (<140 mm Hg; n=4385) systolic blood pressure target. We evaluated the effects of BP intervention on cognitive outcomes and cerebral blood flow across baseline DBP quartiles.

Artificial Intelligence to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis at CT in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Background Although deep learning has brought revolutionary changes in health care, reliance on manually selected cross-sectional images and segmentation remain methodological barriers. Purpose To develop and validate an automated preoperative artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for tumor and lymph node (LN) segmentation with CT imaging for prediction of LN metastasis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, patients with surgically resected, pathologically confirmed PDAC underwent multidetector CT from January 2015 to April 2020.

Combined protein and nucleic acid imaging reveals virus-dependent B cell and macrophage immunosuppression of tissue microenvironments.

Understanding the mechanisms of HIV tissue persistence necessitates the ability to visualize tissue microenvironments where infected cells reside; however, technological barriers limit our ability to dissect the cellular components of these HIV reservoirs. Here, we developed protein and nucleic acid in situ imaging (PANINI) to simultaneously quantify DNA, RNA, and protein levels within these tissue compartments. By coupling PANINI with multiplexed ion beam imaging (MIBI), we measured over 30 parameters simultaneously across archival lymphoid tissues from healthy or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected nonhuman primates.

Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir for Patients Coinfected With Chronic Hepatitis C and Hepatitis B in Taiwan: Follow-up at 108 Weeks Posttreatment.

Background: For patients coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), HCV treatment with direct-acting antivirals can lead to HBV reactivation. We evaluated HBV reactivation during ledipasvir/sofosbuvir treatment and 108-week follow-up.

Methods: In Taiwan, 111 patients with HCV genotype 1 or 2 and HBV received ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (90mg/400mg) once daily for 12 weeks.

Simultaneous targeting of TGF-β/PD-L1 synergizes with radiotherapy by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment to overcome immune evasion.

Localized radiotherapy (RT) induces an immunogenic antitumor response that is in part counterbalanced by activation of immune evasive and tissue remodeling processes, e.g., via upregulation of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β).

Liver metastasis restrains immunotherapy efficacy via macrophage-mediated T cell elimination.

Metastasis is the primary cause of cancer mortality, and cancer frequently metastasizes to the liver. It is not clear whether liver immune tolerance mechanisms contribute to cancer outcomes. We report that liver metastases diminish immunotherapy efficacy systemically in patients and preclinical models.

Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Delivery of Circular RNA SCMH1 Promotes Functional Recovery in Rodent and Nonhuman Primate Ischemic Stroke Models.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability that can severely compromise the quality of life of patients, yet no effective medication currently exists to accelerate rehabilitation. A variety of circular RNA (circRNA) molecules are known to function in ischemic brain injury. Lentivirus-based expression systems have been widely used in basic studies of circRNAs, but safety issues with such delivery systems have limited exploration of the potential therapeutic roles for circRNAs.

Endovascular Thrombectomy with or without Intravenous Alteplase in Acute Stroke.

Background: In acute ischemic stroke, there is uncertainty regarding the benefit and risk of administering intravenous alteplase before endovascular thrombectomy.

Methods: We conducted a trial at 41 academic tertiary care centers in China to evaluate endovascular thrombectomy with or without intravenous alteplase in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Patients with acute ischemic stroke from large-vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to undergo endovascular thrombectomy alone (thrombectomy-alone group) or endovascular thrombectomy preceded by intravenous alteplase, at a dose of 0.

The profibrotic effects of MK-8617 on tubulointerstitial fibrosis mediated by the KLF5 regulating pathway.

The discovery of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (PHI) has revolutionized the treatment strategy for renal anemia. However, the presence of multiple transcription targets of HIF raises safety concerns regarding HIF-PHI. Here, we explored the dose-dependent effect of MK-8617 (MK), a kind of HIF-PHI, on renal fibrosis.

Quinoxaline and Pyrido[x,y-b]pyrazine-Based Emitters: Tuning Normal Fluorescence to Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence and Emitting Color over the Entire Visible-Light Range.

Quinoxaline (Q), pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (PP) and pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine (iPP) are used as electron acceptors (A) to design a series of D-π-A-type light-emitting materials with different donor (D) groups. By adjusting the molecular torsion angles through changing D from carbazole (Cz) to 10-dimethylacridine (DMAC) or 10H-phenoxazine (PXZ) for a fixed A, the luminescence is tuned from normal fluorescence to thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). By gradually enhancing the intramolecular charge-transfer extent through combining different D and A, the emission color is continuously and regularly tuned from pure blue to orange-red.

Effect of VEGF on neuronal degeneration and interaction between Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

The article "Effect of VEGF on neuronal degeneration and interaction between Alzheimer's disease biomarkers" by H.-C. Yuan, C.

Ambient-Pressure Stabilization of β-GdB O by Doping with Bi and Color-Tunable Emissions by Co-Doping with Tb and Eu : The First Photoluminescence Study of a High-Pressure Polymorph.

Rare-earth borates are good candidates for optical applications. To date, however, the high-pressure/high-temperature technique has produced a large number of novel borates with optical properties that have rarely been investigated due to the severe problem of substantial defects. We targeted the high-pressure polymorph of β-GdB O and synthesized three solid solutions of β-Gd Bi Tb B O (0≤x≤0.

Structural Basis of Reversible Phosphorylation by Maize Pyruvate Orthophosphate Dikinase Regulatory Protein.

Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) is one of the most important enzymes in C4 photosynthesis. PPDK regulatory protein (PDRP) regulates the inorganic phosphate-dependent activation and ADP-dependent inactivation of PPDK by reversible phosphorylation. PDRP shares no significant sequence similarity with other protein kinases or phosphatases.

Expression of Bama Minipig and Human CYP3A Enzymes: Comparison of the Catalytic Characteristics with Each Other and Their Liver Microsomes.

Minipigs represent a good animal model because of the physiologic and anatomic similarities they share with humans. Three cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A isozymes, CYP3A22, CYP3A29, and CYP3A46, have recently been reported to be expressed in Bama minipigs, which have limited data relating to their metabolic characteristics. In the present study, Bama minipig CYP3A22, CYP3A29, and CYP3A46 were recombinantly expressed and their metabolic manners were compared with those of human CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 and also human and Bama minipig liver microsomes.