Strategies for Alleviating Electrode Expansion of Graphite Electrodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries Followed by In Situ Electrochemical Dilatometry.

The electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation of solvated sodium ions into graphite is a highly reversible process, but leads to large, undesired electrode expansion/shrinkage ("breathing"). Herein, two strategies to mitigate the electrode expansion are studied. Starting with the standard configuration (-) sodium | diglyme (2G) electrolyte | graphite (poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) binder) (+), the PVDF binder is first replaced with a binder made of the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).

Assessing the Impact of Charge Variants on Stability and Viscosity of a High Concentration Antibody Formulation.

Characterizing molecular charge variants or isoforms is essential for understanding safety, potency, and bioavailability of antibody therapeutics. However, there is little information on how they influence stability and viscosity-properties governing immunogenicity and delivery. To bridge this gap, we studied antibody stability as a function of charge variant content generated via bioreactor process.

Radiation reaction effects on the interaction of an electron with an intense laser pulse.

Radiation reaction effects will play an important role in near-future laser facilities, yet their theoretical description remains obscure. We explore the Ford-O'Connell equation for radiation reaction, and discuss its relation to other commonly used treatments. By analyzing the interaction of a high energy electron in an intense laser pulse, we find that radiation reaction effects prevent the particle from accessing a regime in which the Landau-Lifshitz approximation breaks down.

[Platelet membrane pathology in vascular complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus].

The purpose of the present study was to define a role of the impaired structural and functional organization of the platelet membrane in the mechanisms of development and progression of vascular complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Seventy-seven type 1 DM patients (34 males and 23 females) with different stages of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy, whose age was 18 to 55 years, were examined. Tlie patients with type 1 DM were found to have pronounced membranous structural and functional changes in the platelets (the increased microviscosity of a lipid phase, the inhibited activity of Na+,K+-ATPase), whose degree correlates with that of vascular complications.

[The lipid spectrum of erythrocyte membranes in children with diabetes mellitus].

The present study was undertaken to examine the lipid spectrum of erythrocytic membranes and serum in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1) during pathogenetic therapy in relation to the duration of the disease, its severity, and the presence of vascular events. Ninety-nine patients with DM-1 and 40 healthy children of the same age were examined. The patients were on basic bolus insulin therapy.