Detecting the articular disk in magnetic resonance images of the temporomandibular joint using YOLO series.

The purpose of this study was to construct an artificial intelligence object detection model to detect the articular disk from temporomandibular joint (TMJ) magnetic resonance (MR) images using YOLO series. The study included two experiments using datasets from different MR imaging machines. A total of 536 MR images were retrospectively examined.

Prediction of a Cephalometric Parameter and Skeletal Patterns from Lateral Profile Photographs: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis of Regression Convolutional Neural Networks.

: Cephalometric analysis has a pivotal role in the quantification of the craniofacial skeletal complex, facilitating the diagnosis and management of dental malocclusions and underlying skeletal discrepancies. This study aimed to develop a deep learning system that predicts a cephalometric skeletal parameter directly from lateral profile photographs, potentially serving as a preliminary resource to motivate patients towards orthodontic treatment. : ANB angle values and corresponding lateral profile photographs were obtained from the medical records of 1600 subjects (1039 female and 561 male, age range 3 years 8 months to 69 years 1 month).

Convergent Emergence of Glucomannan β-Galactosyltransferase Activity in Asterids and Rosids.

β-Galactoglucomannan (β-GGM) is a primary cell wall polysaccharide in rosids and asterids. The β-GGM polymer has a backbone of repeating β-(1,4)-glucosyl and mannosyl residues, usually with mono-α-(1,6)-galactosyl substitution or β-(1,2)-galactosyl α-galactosyl disaccharide side chains on the mannosyl residues. Mannan β-galactosyltransferases (MBGTs) are therefore required for β-GGM synthesis.

Limitations of Self-Report Tools in Pain Evaluation of Patients With Vertebral Fractures.

Few studies have evaluated the usefulness and limitations of pain assessment using verbal communication tools for acute orthopedic diseases in older patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of usage of the numerical rating scale (NRS), a verbal communication tool, and to identify the characteristics of patients in whom continuous assessment was impossible. We retrospectively examined electronic medical records of patients with acute vertebral fractures who had been admitted to our hospital between April 2018 and March 2020.

Availability of Observational Pain Assessment Tools in Hospitalized Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures.

: Osteoporotic vertebral fractures in older patients cause lower back pain and abnormal posture, resulting in impaired activities of daily living (ADLs). Assessing pain using self-reported assessment tools is difficult, especially in patients with moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment. Recently, observational assessment tools have been used when self-reported ones were difficult to administer.