An Energy-Tunable Dual Emission Mechanism of the Hybridized Local and Charge Transfer (HLCT) and the Excited State Conjugation Enhancement (ESCE).

Molecular design of dual-fluorescent probes requires precise adjustment of the energy levels of two excited states and the energy barrier between them. While the hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) state has been recently focused as an important excited state for high emission efficiency with a tunable energy level, a dual emission involving the HLCT state has been only achieved with the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) system. Here, a series of dual-fluorescent molecules involving an HLCT excited state with the excited-state conjugation enhancement (ESCE) motif is presented as the first case.

Clinical Features of Varicella-Zoster Virus-Associated Anterior Uveitis with or without Ophthalmic Herpes Zoster.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnostic markers, and treatment outcomes of varicella-zoster virus-associated anterior uveitis (VZV-AU) with and without ophthalmic herpes zoster (herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) and zoster sine herpete (ZSH), respectively).

Methods: Clinical records of 47 VZV-AU patients (21 ZSH, 26 hZO) were retrospectively reviewed for clinical findings, medication use, and PCR using aqueous humor (AH) results.

Results: There was no significant difference in age, gender, visual acuity (VA), or intraocular pressure (IOP) between the two groups.

Real-time imaging of human endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition using pluripotent stem cell derived hemogenic endothelium.

During embryogenesis, human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) first emerge in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region via transformation of specialized hemogenic endothelial (HE) cells into premature HSC precursors. This process is termed endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT), in which the HE cells undergo drastic functional and morphological changes from flat, anchorage-dependent endothelial cells to free-floating round hematopoietic cells. Despite its essential role in human HSC development, molecular mechanisms underlying the EHT are largely unknown.

Importin-7-dependent nuclear translocation of the Flavivirus core protein is required for infectious virus production.

Flaviviridae is a family of positive-stranded RNA viruses, including human pathogens, such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and West Nile virus (WNV). Nuclear localization of the viral core protein is conserved among Flaviviridae, and this feature may be targeted for developing broad-ranging anti-flavivirus drugs. However, the mechanism of core protein translocation to the nucleus and the importance of nuclear translocation in the viral life cycle remain unknown.