Maladaptive changes in the homeostasis of AEA-TRPV1/CB1R induces pain-related hyperactivity of nociceptors after spinal cord injury.

Background: Neuropathic pain resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with persistent hyperactivity of primary nociceptors. Anandamide (AEA) has been reported to modulate neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission through activation of cannabinoid type-1 receptors (CB1Rs) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). However, the role of AEA and these receptors in the hyperactivity of nociceptors after SCI remains unclear.

Mining functional gene modules by multi-view NMF of phenome-genome association.

Background: Mining functional gene modules from genomic data is an important step to detect gene members of pathways or other relations such as protein-protein interactions. This work explores the plausibility of detecting functional gene modules by factorizing gene-phenotype association matrix from the phenotype ontology data rather than the conventionally used gene expression data. Recently, the hierarchical structure of phenotype ontologies has not been sufficiently utilized in gene clustering while functionally related genes are consistently associated with phenotypes on the same path in phenotype ontologies.

Machine learning-based prediction model integrating ultrasound scores and clinical features for the progression to rheumatoid arthritis in patients with undifferentiated arthritis.

Objectives: Predicting rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression in undifferentiated arthritis (UA) patients remains a challenge. Traditional approaches combining clinical assessments and ultrasonography (US) often lack accuracy due to the complex interaction of clinical variables, and routine extensive US is impractical. Machine learning (ML) models, particularly those integrating the 18-joint ultrasound scoring system (US18), have shown potential to address these issues but remain underexplored.

Advancing treatment strategies against MRSA: unveiling the potency of tubuloside A in targeting sortase A and mitigating pathogenicity.

In addressing the formidable challenge posed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), this investigation elucidates a novel therapeutic paradigm by specifically targeting the virulence factor sortase A (SrtA) utilizing Tubuloside A (TnA). SrtA plays a critical role in the pathogenicity of MRSA, primarily by anchoring surface proteins to the bacterial cell wall, which is crucial for the bacterium's ability to colonize and infect host tissues. By inhibiting SrtA, TnA offers a novel and distinct strategy compared to traditional antibiotics.

Development of a novel multi-epitope subunit mRNA vaccine candidate to combat Acinetobacter baumannii.

Acinetobacter baumannii, an opportunistic bacterium prevalent in various environment, is a significant cause of nosocomial infections in ICUs. As the causative agent of pneumonia, septicemia, and meningitis, A. baumannii typically exhibits multidrug resistance and is associated with poor prognosis, thus led to a challenge for researchers in developing new treatment and prevention methods.