Mitigating the Nocebo Effect in Biosimilar Use and Switching: A Systematic Review.

Background: In the context of biosimilar use and switching, a patient's negative perception of a biosimilar might trigger a nocebo effect, where negative expectations unrelated to its pharmacologic action may lead to worsened symptoms, resulting in less perceived therapeutic benefit or worsened adverse events. Considering the crucial role biosimilars have in reducing health care costs and expanding access to safe biologics globally, it is essential to develop and implement effective strategies to mitigate the possible occurrence of such nocebo effects.

Objective: The aim of this systematic literature review was two-fold: (i) to review strategies that have been applied and/or tested for minimising the nocebo effect in clinical practice, within and outside the context of biosimilar switching, and (ii) to propose recommendations on useful mitigation strategies to minimise the occurrence of the nocebo effect in the context of biosimilar switching.

Handgrip strength and health outcomes in hospitalized children or children with chronic disease: A systematic review.

Handgrip strength (HGS) is a simple measurement of maximum voluntary muscle strength and is widely used as a single indicator of overall muscle strength. This systematic review summarized the evidence about the relation between HGS and health outcomes in hospitalized children or chronically ill children. The primary outcome was the number of hospital days in a 2-month period for outpatients and the length of hospital stay for inpatients.

A synbiotic mixture for the management of infantile colic: A randomized trial.

Unlabelled: Infant colic is defined as a recurrent and prolonged period of fussing, crying and/or irritability that cannot be prevented or resolved by caregivers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a synbiotic (Bactecal D Liquid) in infants consulting a primary health care professional for inconsolable crying. A randomized trial was conducted in 68 infants diagnosed by the consulted primary health care professional as "probably suffering from infant colic".

Regional differences in diagnosis and management of cow's milk allergy.

Background: Various guidelines for the diagnosis and management of cow's milk allergy (CMA) have been published.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare voting outcomes of experts from Mexico, the Middle East, and the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) on statements regarding CMA.

Methods: The 3 expert groups voted on the same 10 statements.