Identification and characterization of spontaneous AA amyloidosis in CD-1 mice used in toxicity studies: implications of SAA1 and SAA2 copy number variations.

Amyloidosis is characterized by the extracellular deposition of insoluble protein fibrils that cause cellular damage and dysfunction in organs and tissues. Multiple types of amyloidosis and their causative precursor proteins have been identified in humans and animals. In toxicological studies, a high incidence of spontaneous amyloidosis has been reported in CD-1 mice; however, the precursor protein responsible remains unclear.

Perilymphatic fistula caused by Eustachian tube air inflation.

We present a case of a perilymphatic fistula (PLF) caused by Eustachian tube air inflation (ETAI) that was diagnosed using cochlin-tomoprotein (CTP) testing and successfully treated using transcanal endoscopic ear surgery to seal the inner ear window. A 77-year-old woman developed hearing loss and dizziness after undergoing ETAI at a local ear, nose, and throat clinic. Despite initial bed rest and steroid pulse therapy, the hearing did not improve, and transcanal endoscopic ear surgery was performed to repair the PLF.

Trastuzumab-Pertuzumab Plus Eribulin or Taxane as First-Line Chemotherapy for Human Epidermal Growth Factor 2-Positive Locally Advanced/Metastatic Breast Cancer: The Randomized Noninferiority Phase III EMERALD Trial.

Purpose: Trastuzumab-pertuzumab (HP) plus taxane is a current standard first-line therapy for recurrent or metastatic human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)+ breast cancer (BC). We investigated noninferiority of eribulin to a taxane when combined with dual HER2 blockade as first-line systemic treatment for locally advanced/metastatic HER2+ BC.

Methods: In the phase III EMERALD trial (target sample size, 480; ClinicalTrials.

Long-term immune responses induced by low-dose infection with high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses can protect mallards from reinfection with a heterologous strain.

Migratory water birds are considered to be carriers of high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). In Japan, mallards are often observed during winter, and HPAIV-infected mallards often shed viruses asymptomatically. In this study, we focused on mallards as potential carriers of HPAIVs and investigated whether individual wild mallards are repeatedly infected with HPAIVs and act as HPAIV carriers multiple times within a season.

Phylogenetic and Pathogenic Analysis of H5N1 and H5N6 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from Poultry Farms (Layer and Broiler Chickens) in Japan in the 2023/2024 Season.

During the 2023-2024 winter, 11 high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks caused by clade 2.3.4.