Virtual injection software for endovascular management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula.

Endovascular management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is arduous because of complex angioarchitecture and motion artifacts and is limited by the two-dimensional (2D) view. However, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisitions with selective injections allow 3D multiplanar reconstructions contributing to high diagnostic, anatomical and safety value. In this study, we described the use of virtual injection software (VIS) computed from CBCT acquisition and already used for prostatic and cerebral embolization, for the endovascular management of spinal DAVFs (EmboAssist, GE HealthCare, Chicago, USA).

AAPM Task Group Report 238: 3D C-arms with volumetric imaging capability.

This report reviews the image acquisition and reconstruction characteristics of C-arm Cone Beam Computed Tomography (C-arm CBCT) systems and provides guidance on quality control of C-arm systems with this volumetric imaging capability. The concepts of 3D image reconstruction, geometric calibration, image quality, and dosimetry covered in this report are also pertinent to CBCT for Image-Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT). However, IGRT systems introduce a number of additional considerations, such as geometric alignment of the imaging at treatment isocenter, which are beyond the scope of the charge to the task group and the report.

Magnification-driven B-spline interpolation for cone-beam projection and backprojection.

Purpose: Discretizing tomographic forward and backward operations is a crucial step in the design of model-based reconstruction algorithms. Standard projectors rely on linear interpolation, whose adjoint introduces discretization errors during backprojection. More advanced techniques are obtained through geometric footprint models that may present a high computational cost and an inner logic that is not suitable for implementation on massively parallel computing architectures.

Dual-rotation C-arm cone-beam computed tomography to increase low-contrast detection.

Purpose: This paper investigates the capabilities of a dual-rotation C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) framework to improve non-contrast-enhanced low-contrast detection for full volume or volume-of-interest (VOI) brain imaging.

Method: The idea is to associate two C-arm short-scan rotational acquisitions (spins): one over the full detector field of view (FOV) at low dose, and one collimated to deliver a higher dose to the central densest parts of the head. The angular sampling performed by each spin is allowed to vary in terms of number of views and angular positions.

Compressed-sensing-based content-driven hierarchical reconstruction: Theory and application to C-arm cone-beam tomography.

Purpose: This paper addresses the reconstruction of x-ray cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for interventional C-arm systems. Subsampling of CBCT is a significant issue with C-arms due to their slow rotation and to the low frame rate of their flat panel x-ray detectors. The aim of this work is to propose a novel method able to handle the subsampling artifacts generally observed with analytical reconstruction, through a content-driven hierarchical reconstruction based on compressed sensing.