Personalized Diet With or Without Physical Exercise Improves Nutritional Status, Muscle Strength, Physical Performance, and Quality of Life in Malnourished Older Adults: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study.

Malnutrition (MN) is prevalent in older adults and closely related to sarcopenia, frailty, morbidity, mortality, and decreased quality of life. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of a personalized diet combined with planned physical exercise on nutritional status, physical performance, and quality of life (QoL) in malnourished older adult patients. In this prospective study, 20 older adults with MN risk according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) were randomized into (i) personalized diet (PD) and (ii) personalized diet with physical exercise (PDE) groups, and followed up with for 12 weeks.

Ultrasensitive detection of a responsive fluorescent thymidine analogue in DNA pulse-shaped two-photon excitation.

Fluorescent base analogues (FBAs) are versatile nucleic acid labels that can replace a native nucleobase, while maintaining base pairing and secondary structure. Following the recent demonstration that free FBAs can be detected at the single-molecule level, the next goal is to achieve this level of detection sensitivity in oligonucleotides. Due to the short-wavelength absorption of most FBAs, multiphoton microscopy has emerged as a promising approach to single-molecule detection.

50 years in the making: acpU, an amino-acid-containing nucleoside, links N-glycans and RNA in glycoRNA.

In a recent publication in Cell, Xie et al. report a sensitive and scalable method for the detection and characterization of native glycoRNAs and identify acpU, an abundant modified nucleoside discovered 50 years ago in tRNA, as one of the primary attachment sites for N-glycans.

Emissive Guanosine Analog Applicable for Real-Time Live Cell Imaging.

A new emissive guanosine analog G, constructed by a single trifluoromethylation step from the previously reported G, displays red-shifted absorption and emission spectra compared to its precursor. The impact of solvent type and polarity on the photophysical properties of G suggests that the electronic effects of the trifluoromethyl group dominate its behavior and demonstrates its susceptibility to microenvironmental polarity changes. In vitro transcription initiations using T7 RNA polymerase, initiated with G, result in highly emissive 5'-labeled RNA transcripts, demonstrating the tolerance of the enzyme toward the analog.