Optimizing Biomarker Models for Biologically Heterogeneous Cancers: A Nested Model Approach for Lung Cancer.

Background: The heterogeneous biology of cancer subtypes, especially in lung cancer, poses significant challenges for biomarker development. Standard model building techniques often fall short in accurately incorporating various histologic subtypes because of their diverse biological characteristics. This study explores a nested biomarker model to address this issue, aiming to improve lung cancer early detection.

Global trends in gallbladder cancer survival: A 30-year analysis of cancer registry data.

Background: Gallbladder cancer has historically been characterized with a poor prognosis. This study aims to describe the global patterns and temporal trends in gallbladder cancer survival using data from cancer registries.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review by searching six databases-PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, SEER, CNKI, and Wanfang-for using of registry-based data published before January 1, 2024.

Biosynthesis of the Central Tricyclic Skeleton of Trichothecene Mycotoxins.

Trichothecenes are a widespread family of sesquiterpenoid toxins that can pose significant risks to food and feed safety as well as environmental health. A defining feature of all trichothecenes is their central tricyclic 12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene (EPT) motif. Although the formation of the EPT central skeleton has long been presumed to be a spontaneous process, the nonenzymatic cyclization reaction forming the tetrahydropyran ring in EPT requires acid catalysis; otherwise, it occurs too slowly to sustain efficient trichothecene biosynthesis under physiological conditions.

Unique isophorone-based NIR fluorescent probe with a high fluorescence quantum yield and larger stokes shift for Al and Zn level simultaneous monitoring in biological system.

Given the profound implications of Al and Zn in the ecosystem and organism, there is a compelling demand for a robust method to simultaneously detect these ions. The novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe DDLH based on isophorone, offers efficient in vivo monitoring capabilities for Al/Zn. Simultaneously, DDLH displayed excellent selectivity, anti-interference, a low detection limit and rapidity responsiveness to Al/Zn, coupled with a high fluorescence quantum yield and substantial Stokes shift (220 nm).

CEO social capital and implied cost of capital: Based on the empirical evidence of Chinese family businesses.

Social capital plays a crucial role in resource integration within Chinese family businesses. This research investigates the relationship between CEO social capital and the implied cost of capital, while also considering the influence of CEO type on this relationship. The empirical results based on China's A-share family-listed companies show that CEO social capital helps to reduce the implied capital cost of family business.