A bimodal closed-loop neuromodulation implant integrated with ultraflexible probes to treat epilepsy.

Anti-seizure medications and deep brain stimulation are widely used therapies to treat seizures; however, both face limitations such as resistance and the unpredictable nature of seizures. Recent advancements, including responsive neural stimulation and on-demand drug release, have been developed to address these challenges. However, a gap remains, as electrical stimulation provides only transient effects while medication has a delayed onset.

Exploring the Prebiotic Potential of Fermented Astragalus Polysaccharides on Gut Microbiota Regulation In Vitro.

Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) are known for their prebiotic properties, and fermentation by probiotics is a promising strategy to enhance the prebiotic activity of polysaccharides. In this study, Lactobacillus rhamnosus was used to ferment APS, and response surface methodology was applied to optimize the fermentation parameters. The optimal conditions were determined as follows: 10.

Modulation of the local angiotensin II: Augmentation of ferroptosis and radiosensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via the HIF-1α-HILPDA axis.

Purpose: Radiotherapy presents a curative approach for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, the cellular radiosensitivity heterogeneity limits its efficacy. Thus, investigating the specific mechanisms of radioresistance in NPC is crucial for identifying and employing effective radiosensitizing agents to enhance treatment success.

Methods And Materials: Radioresistant NPC cell lines HONE1-RR and SUNE1-RR were established.

Gem-like starch granules engineered with different crystalline starches.

The retrogradation property endows starch molecules with the unique ability to self-assemble crystals after encountering damage, which can restore the internal double helix structure to a limited extent. We devise a simple set of steps to grow perfect crystals of uniform size with different crystal systems in a given growth environment by first customizing the crystal seeds through enzymatic modification, and then exploiting the spontaneous recrystallization of starch. Optical microscopy confirmed the formation of gem-like starch granules (GSGs) in starches with 24.