Yeast Rpn4 Links the Proteasome and DNA Repair via Regulation.

Environmental and intracellular factors often damage DNA, but multiple DNA repair pathways maintain genome integrity. In yeast, the 26S proteasome and its transcriptional regulator and substrate Rpn4 are involved in DNA damage resistance. Paradoxically, while proteasome dysfunction may induce hyper-resistance to DNA-damaging agents, Rpn4 malfunction sensitizes yeasts to these agents.

[Evolution of the System of Coordinate Regulation of Proteasomal Gene Expression in the Yeast Class Saccharomycetes].

The 26S proteasome is a multisubunit ATP-dependent protease complex and is necessary for the normal function of the eukaryotic cell and its survival in stress. Twenty years ago, we, in collaboration with German researchers, were the first to experimentally describe a system for coordinated regulation of proteasomal gene expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This system consists of the ScRpn4 transcription factor and its binding site, called PACE.

Deregulation of the 19S proteasome complex increases yeast resistance to 4-NQO and oxidative stress via upregulation of Rpn4- and proteasome-dependent stress responsive genes.

The 26S proteasome participates in cell stress responses via its ability to degrade regulatory and damaged proteins. In yeast, mutations in the subunits of the 19S proteasome regulatory subcomplex cause hyper-resistance to 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO), a chemical mutagen and carcinogen. These data suggest a negative role for the 19S proteasome complex in the cellular response to 4-NQO, although the underlying mechanism is not clear.

Allergen-specific IgE and IgG4 patterns among patients with different allergic diseases.

Background: In addition to allergen-specific IgE (sIgE), allergen-specific IgG4 (sIgG4) antibodies are also involved in the immune response resulting from an allergen exposure. The aim of our study was to analyze sIgE and sIgG4 patterns in the most common allergic disorders: bronchial asthma, upper airway disorders and atopic dermatitis.

Methods: In this study a screening analysis of blood serum samples from 673 patients aged from 6 months to 17 years with different allergic entities was performed on microarrays.

Patterns of sensitization to inhalant and food allergens among pediatric patients from the Moscow region (Russian Federation).

The immunological profiles of human specific IgE (sIgE) and specific IgG4 (sIgG4) vary by genetic predisposition, living conditions in different geographical locations and patient's age. The aim of our study was to analyze sIgE and sIgG4 patterns and their age-dependent changes in patients from the Moscow region. For identifying sIgE and sIgG4 profiles the blood samples from 513 patients aged 6 months to 17 years who were showing symptoms of allergic diseases were analyzed using microarrays containing 31 allergens.