Prospective study on the role of preoperative mannitol in capsulorhexis and reducing intraoperative complications in primary angle-closure disease surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of preoperative intravenous mannitol on the capsulorhexis process and intraoperative complications in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).

Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 65 PACG eyes were randomized into the mannitol and control groups. The capsulorhexis duration, number of forceps grasps, need for viscoelastic re-injection, and intraoperative complications were recorded.

Prediction values of different lymph nodes staging systems for survival of children with Wilms tumor.

Background: Wilms tumor is one of the most common pediatric kidney cancers with poor prognosis. This study aims to explore the predictive values of lymph nodes (LNs), positive lymph node density (LND) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) for the 5-year mortality of children with Wilms tumor.

Methods: The cohort study collected the data of 874 participants with Wilms tumor in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Prognostic impact of primary versus secondary resistance to sorafenib in patients with HCC.

Background: Sorafenib is a first-line treatment option for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the impact of sorafenib resistance type on patient survival prediction and choice of second-line treatment regimen is unknown.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the factors predicting resistance in patients with HCC receiving sorafenib, the impact of resistance on survival, and the optimal second-line treatment regimen.

Leptin increases chemosensitivity by inhibiting in colorectal cancer cells.

Background: Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), severely impacting patient survival and quality of life. While conventional chemotherapy regimens can somewhat control tumor progression, their effectiveness is frequently compromised by the development of drug resistance in cancer cells. The aim of this study is to verify and elucidate the specific mechanisms by which leptin enhances chemosensitivity in CRC, providing valuable insights for the development of new combination chemotherapy options.

Orientation-Dependent Anisotropic Desalination by Assembled Zeolite Nanotube Membranes.

Porous nanomaterials have shown great promise in many desalination applications. Zeolite nanotubes, featuring abundant but inhomogeneous nanopores on their surface, have been recently synthesized in experiments; however, their capacity for desalination is not yet understood. In this work, we use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the capability of assembled zeolite nanotube membranes to perform in desalination applications due to their inherent multiscale porous properties.