[Single-Laboratory Validation Study of Simultaneous Determination Methodfor Five Organochlorine Unstable Pesticides in Agricultural Products by GC-MS/MS].

A method was developed for determining five organochlorine unstable pesticides (captan, chlorothalonil, dichlofluanid, folpet, and tolylfluanid) in agricultural products using GC-MS/MS. To prevent pesticide degradation, the food sample was maintained at -20℃ until the initiation of the extraction process. The sample underwent homogenization with acetonitrile and salting out using anhydrous magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride in the presence of citrate salts.

[Determination and Residue Survey of Novel Nicotinic AcetylcholineReceptor Modulator Pesticides in Brown Rice by LC-MS/MS].

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are neurotransmitter receptors found in the nervous system of many organisms, including humans. Neonicotinoid pesticides act as nAChRs modulators that affect neurotransmission. Due to toxicity effects, their use has been restricted.

Risk Index of Regional Infection Expansion of COVID-19: Moving Direction Entropy Study Using Mobility Data and Its Application to Tokyo.

Background: Policies, such as stay home, bubbling, and stay with your community, recommending that individuals reduce contact with diverse communities, including families and schools, have been introduced to mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, these policies are violated if individuals from various communities gather, which is a latent risk in a real society where people move among various unreported communities.

Objective: We aimed to create a physical index to assess the possibility of contact between individuals from diverse communities, which serves as an indicator of the potential risk of SARS-CoV-2 spread when considered and combined with existing indices.

Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), a G protein-coupled receptor, is required for lymphocyte trafficking, and is a promising therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases. Here, we synthesize a competitive S1PR1 antagonist, KSI-6666, that effectively suppresses pathogenic inflammation. Metadynamics simulations suggest that the interaction of KSI-6666 with a methionine residue Met124 in the ligand-binding pocket of S1PR1 may inhibit the dissociation of KSI-6666 from S1PR1.

Treatment with lysophosphatidic acid improves glomerulonephritis through the suppression of macrophage activation in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objectives: Several therapeutic agents have been developed and used for the clinical treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In cases where SLE is accompanied by severe organ failures, such as neuropsychiatric lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) and acute onset of lupus nephritis, the use of potent immunosuppressive drugs, such as cyclophosphamide, is necessary. However, potent immunosuppressive drugs are known to increase infection risks.